(E)-1-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)-3-(substituted-phenyl)prop-2-en-1-ones: Synthesis, In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity and Molecular Docking Studies

A series of chalcone compounds (2–11) were designed and synthesized to determine their cytotoxic effects. The structures of 2–11 were fully characterized by their physical and spectral data. The in vitro cytotoxic effects of 2–11 were evaluated against human ovarian cancer (A2780), breast cancer (MCF-7) and prostate cancer (PC-3 and LNCaP) cell lines. The activity potentials of compounds were further evaluated through molecular docking studies with AutoDock4 and Vina softwares. All the compounds (except compound 5) showed significant cytotoxic effects at high doses in all cancer cell lines. Among all the compounds studied, one compound i.e. compound 2 demonstrated dose-dependent activity, particularly against A2780/LNCaP cancer cell lines. The most effective compounds 8, 9, 10 and 11 reduced the cell viability of A2780, MCF-7, PC-3 and LNCaP cells by 50–98%, while other compounds 2, 4 and 7 reduced the cell viability of A2780 cells by 70–90% at concentrations of 50 and 100 µM

Effect of xylanase enzyme on mechanical properties of fibres extracted from undried and dried corn husks

60-64Fibres have been extracted from corn husks in undried and dried forms by an alkalization treatment followed by enzymatic process at different concentrations of xylanase enzyme. The effects of drying process and xylanase enzyme concentration on the mechanical and textile properties of corn husk fibres have been investigated. The linear density of extracted fibres decreases with the increase in enzyme concentration and drying. Increasing enzyme concentration increases the breaking tenacity and initial modulus up to a point and then decreases them with any further increase in concentration. Fibres obtained from dried husks show dull colour as compared to those obtained from undried husks. No negative effect of drying process is observed on the performance of corn husk fibres. The highest tensile performance and fineness values are obtained from fibres of dried husks, treated with 0.4% Pentopan® mono BG enzyme, with a breaking tenacity of 9.44 cN/tex, initial modulus value of 282 cN/tex, and a fineness of 21.6 tex

Effect of xylanase enzyme on mechanical properties of fibres extracted from undried and dried corn husks

Fibres have been extracted from corn husks in undried and dried forms by an alkalization treatment followed by enzymatic process at different concentrations of xylanase enzyme. The effects of drying process and xylanase enzyme concentration on the mechanical and textile properties of corn husk fibres have been investigated. The linear density of extracted fibres decreases with the increase in enzyme concentration and drying. Increasing enzyme concentration increases the breaking tenacity and initial modulus up to a point and then decreases them with any further increase in concentration. Fibres obtained from dried husks show dull colour as compared to those obtained from undried husks. No negative effect of drying process is observed on the performance of corn husk fibres. The highest tensile performance and fineness values are obtained from fibres of dried husks, treated with 0.4% Pentopan® mono BG enzyme, with a breaking tenacity of 9.44 cN/tex, initial modulus value of 282 cN/tex, and a fineness of 21.6 tex

Determination of the intensity of hail damage of the polyethylene greenhouse covers in the Mediterranean region by thermal camera

Amaç: Artan nüfusun ihtiyaçlarının karşılanması amacıyla yoğun sanayileşme sonucunda atmosferdeki sera gazı yoğunluğu hızla artmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak dünyanın pek çok bölgesinde uç hava olayları meydana gelmektedir. Ülkemizde iklim değişikliğinden etkilenmekle birlikte özellikle seracılık faaliyetlerinin yoğun olduğu Akdeniz Havzasında dolu zararları her geçen yıl artmaktadır. Dolu sonrasında plastik sera örtüleri delinebilir ya da plastik malzeme esneyerek özelliğini kaybedebilir. Yetiştiriciler seralarını sera örtüsünde meydana gelebilecek dolu zararına karşı sigortalatabilmektedir. Doğal afetlerden sonra çiftçilerin zararlarının tespiti aşaması, zararların sigortadan karşılanması sürecinde en önemli aşamadır. Bu çalışmada termal kamera kullanılarak dolu zararının şiddetinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.. Yöntem ve Bulgular: Bu amaçla bölgede yaygın olarak kullanılan 36 aylık PE UV+IR+LD+EVA katkılı 200 mikron kalınlığa sahip sera örtü malzemesi materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Farklı şiddetteki dolu yağışının plastik örtüde verdiği zararı belirleyebilmek amacıyla Alergo marka düşme test cihazı kullanılarak 6 farklı ağırlık 78 cm yükseklikten serbest düşüşle sera örtüsüne bırakılmıştır. Elde edilen hasarlı sera örtülerinin deneme iskeletine monte edilmesiyle hasarlı bölge ve sağlam bölge arasındaki sıcaklık farklılıkları termal kamera ile gözlemlenmiştir. Genel Yorum: Bu sıcaklık değişimleri kullanılarak dolu zararının şiddetinin belirlenmesi amacıyla bir model geliştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın Önemi ve Etkisi: Elde edilen modelin bölgesel kalibrasyonun yapılması şartıyla başka bölgelerde de kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir.Aims: As a result of the intense industrialization in order to meet the needs of the growing population, the greenhouse gas density in the atmosphere is increasing rapidly Climate change also affects our country and hail damages in the Mediterranean basin, where there are intensive greenhouse activities, performed, are increasing every year. After the hail, plastic greenhouse covers can be drilled or lose their plastic material properties due to stretching. Growers can insure their greenhouses against the hail damage to the greenhouse cover. Following the natural disasters, the determination of the damages of the farmers is the most important stage in the process of covering the losses from insurance. Methods and Results: In this study, it was aimed to determine the intensity hail damage by using thermal camera. For this purpose, 36 months-old polyethylene UV+IR+LD+EVA added greenhouse covering material having 200-micron thickness, which are commonly used in the region, were used as material. Alergo brand drop tester was used in order to determine the damage caused by the hail damage of different intensity. Six different weights were released to the greenhouse cover with a free fall from the height of 78 cm. The resulting damaged greenhouse covers were mounted on the test frame and the temperature differences between the damaged zone and the intact zone were observed with a thermal camera. Conclusions: A model was developed to determine the intensity of hail damage by using these temperature changes. Significance and Impact of the Study: It is thought that the obtained model can also be used in other regions on condition that regional calibration is performed

Evaluation of the effects of pomegranate juice on hepato-nephrotoxicity in male rats exposed to aluminum

We aimed to measure biochemical parameters in rat serum such as electrolyte levels, kidney and liver function test, and lipid profile to analyze the effects of pomegranate juice towards AlCl3-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity. The twenty-eight wistar albino rats divided into four groups; control (Group I), pomegranate juice (4 ml/kg) (Group II), AlCl3 (8.3 mg/kg) (Group III) and pomegranate juice + AlCl3 (Group IV). Aluminum toxicity and the protective effect of pomegranate juice did not statistically different among groups in electrolyte levels, except for Mg and Cl (p<0.05). AlCL3 considerably increased serum AST, ALT, BUN and CREA levels and decreased ALB and TP (p<0.05). Pomegranate juice administration with or before AlCl3 notably restored serum biomarkers of liver and kidney function to near-normal levels. There was only a statistically significant difference in LDL and CHOL levels in lipid metabolism (p<0.05). The pomegranate juice reduced aluminum toxicity in terms of electrolyte levels, liver and renal function test, and lipid profile

Yeni siklotrifosfazen türevlerinin sentezi, yapısal ve termal karakterizasyonu ve in vitro sitotoksik aktiviteleri

We investigated the cytotoxic effects of the newly synthesized cyclotriphosphazene derivatives on A2780 (ovarian), PC-3 and LNCaP (prostate) cancer cell lines. 4′-hydroxy-substituted-chalcone compounds (2–8) were reacted with diphenyl-cyclotriphosphazene (DPP) in the presence of acetone/K2CO3 in order to obtain novel cyclotriphosphazene compounds (DPP 2–8). The structures of DPP 2–8 were characterized by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, FT-IR, elemental analysis, 1H, 13C-APT, and 31P NMR measurements. The thermal properties of all phosphazene compounds have been studied after synthesis and characterization procedure. The cytotoxic effects of DPP 2–8 were examined primarily by applying the MTT method based on the measurement of mitochondrial activity. In this regard, several phosphazene compounds have shown high chemotherapeutic effect at low dose (p < 0.05). When the cytotoxic effects of DPP 2–8 at doses of 1, 5, 25, 50 and 100 µM on A2780 cells were examined, it was observed that DPP-3, DPP-4, DPP-5 and DPP-7 were more effective than other derivatives suggested by their high Log IC50 values (p < 0.05). The compounds DPP 2–8 possess cytotoxic activity against PC-3 and LNCaP cells (especially compounds DPP-4 and DPP-5, p < 0.05).The Scientific & Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) (Project Number: 115Z101)

Safra kesesi ameliyatı sonrası cerrahi müdahale gerektiren ciddi komplikasyonlar ve yaklaşımlar

Kolosistektomi sonrası görülen ciddi komplikasyonlarla ilgili kliniğimizin deneyimlerini paylaşmak ve önemli gördüğümüz noktaları belirtmek. Gereç-Yöntem: Mayıs 1999 - Kasım 2007 tarihleri arasında kolesistektomi sonrası ciddi sorun gelişen ve hastanemizde ameliyat edilen hastaların dosyaları incelendi. Kolesistektominin tipi, başvuru süresi, başvuru anındaki bulguları, yaralanma tipi, başvurudan ameliyata kadar geçen süre, ameliyat sonrası sonuçları kaydedildi. Bulgular: Yirmi iki hastanın yaş ortancası 50 (27 - 73), kadın/erkek oranı 1,2 idi. Dokuz hastada laparoskopik kolesistektomi (LK), sekiz hastada açık kolesistektomi (AK), üç hastada laparoskopik başlanıp AK, iki hastada kolesistektomi sonrası benign biliyer darlık nedeniyle bilioenterostomi yapılmıştı. Amsterdam sınıflamasına göre hastaların yedisi Tip-B, onbiri Tip-C, üçü Tip-D yaralanma, biri damar yaralanmasıydı Tip-B yaralanma, LK veya laparoskopik başlanıp açığa geçilen olgularda gözlenirken, AK yapılanlarda hiç görülmedi. AK yapılanlardaki hakim yaralanma ise Tip-C idi (n=6/8) (p=0,029). Mortalite bir, ciddi komplikasyon yedi, uzun dönemde sorun iki hastada gözlendi. Komplikasyon gelişme oranları; Tip-D yaralanmalarda 3 hastadan ikisinde (p=0,167), erken dönemde başvuran (10 günden önce) hastalarda (5/9 - 2/13 p=0,046), erken müdahale yapılan (10 günden önce) hastalarda daha yüksekti (6/13 - 1/9 p=0,069). Uzun dönemde sorun yaşama oranı erken müdahale yapılan hastalarda (2/12 - 0/9 p=0,178) daha fazlaydı. Sonuç: AK ile safra yolu darlıkları, LK ile safra kaçaklarının daha sık meydana geldiği görüldü. We aim to share our experience on major complications of cholecystectomy. Methods: Records of patients operated for major cholecystectomy complications between May 1999 - November 2007 were analyzed. Type of cholecystectomy, clinical complaint, type of injury, period from first operation to referral and referral to corrective surgery, postoperative complications and long-term outcome were recorded. Results: Median age of 22 patients was 50 (27 - 73), female/male ratio was 1.2. Type of cholecystectomy was laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) (n=9), open cholecystectomy (OC) (n=8), bilioenterostomy (due to post-cholecystectomy benign biliary stricture) (n=2), conversion to open cholecystectomy (COC) (n=3). Detected type of injury was; Type-B (n=7), Type-C (n=11), Type-D (n=3) and unclassified (n=1) according to Amsterdam classification. All of the Type-B injuries were observed in four LC and three COC patients and none of the OC patients. However, in the OC group, most frequent type of injury was Type-C (n=6/8) (p=0.029). One patient died, 7 patients had complication, and two patients had recurrent biliary problems. Complication rate was more frequent for; Type-D injury (2/3 p=0.167), patients with early (<10 days) presentation (5/9 - 2/13) (p=0.046) and patients with early (<10 days) surgical intervention (6/13 - 1/9) (p=0.069). Experiencing recurrent problem rate was more frequent for the patients with early surgical intervention (2/12 - 0/9) (p=0.178). Conclusion: Most frequent complication of OC was biliary strictures and that of LC was bile leakage