Professores em pedagogia hospitalar: uma revisão sistemática

Professores hospitalares enfrentam o desafio de incluir em contextos complexos com poucos antecedentes empíricos. Esta revisão sistemática (Sánchez-Meca, 2010) teve como objetivo analisar os estudos empíricos publicados entre 2000 e 2020 sobre a pedagogia em contextos hospitalares. Utilizando os lineamentos PRISMA, identificamos 363 artigos nas bases de dados; Web of Science, Scielo y Scopus, selecionando 11 sobre o critério de inclusão. Identificamos três categorias: tendências de estudo; dimensões de trabalho e características docentes; e desafios. Os resultados mostram a predominância no campo de estudos descritivos; focos teóricos de inclusão e direitos; e mulheres como docentes e investigadoras. As investigações enfatizam em aspectos emocionais, falta de orientação e dificuldades relacionais do trabalho docente. Concluímos que existe uma necessidade de fortalecer metodologicamente os estudos, aumentar a corresponsabilidade entre docente e equipe medica; e gerar politicas de formação especifica. Esses descobrimentos identificam avanços e desafios no campo, podendo orientar o seu desenvolvimento.Los/as docentes hospitalarios/as enfrentan el desafío de incluir en contextos complejos con pocos antecedentes empíricos. Esta revisión sistemática (Sánchez-Meca, 2010) tuvo por objetivo analizar los estudios empíricos publicados entre el 2000-2020 sobre docencia en pedagogía hospitalaria. Utilizando los lineamientos PRISMA, identificamos 363 artículos en las bases de datos Web of Science, Scielo y Scopus, seleccionando 11 bajo criterios de inclusión. Identificamos tres categorías transversales: tendencias de estudio; dimensiones del trabajo y características docentes; y desafíos. Los resultados muestran el predominio en el campo de: estudios descriptivos; enfoques teóricos de inclusión y derecho; y mujeres como docentes e investigadoras. Las investigaciones enfatizan en aspectos emocionales, la falta de orientaciones y dificultades relacionales del trabajo docente. Se concluye la necesidad de fortalecer metodológicamente los estudios, aumentar la corresponsabilidad docente-personal médico; y generar políticas y formación específica. Estos hallazgos identifican avances y desafíos en el campo pudiendo orientar su desarrollo.Hospital teachers face the challenge of working in complex contexts with few empirical references. This systematic review (Sánchez-Meca, 2010) aims to analyze empirical studies published between 2000-2020 related to teaching in hospital settings. Using the PRISMA guidelines, we identified 363 articles in the Web of Science, SciELO and Scopus databases; 11 studies were selected after the inclusion criteria were applied. We identified three areas of study: research trends; work dimensions and teacher characteristics; and challenges. We found a predominance of descriptive studies, theoretical frameworks of inclusion and civil rights, and female teachers and researchers. The analyzed studies emphasize emotional aspects, a lack of guidelines, and difficulties related to teachers' work. We conclude by signaling the need to strengthen the methodology of related studies, increase the joint responsibility of teachers and medical staff, and generate specific policies and preparation. These findings identify advances and challenges in the field that could guide its development

Temporal plasmonics: Fano and Rabi regimes in the time domain in metal nanostructures

The Fano and Rabi models represent remarkably common effects in optics. Here we study the coherent time dynamics of plasmonic systems exhibiting Fano and Rabi resonances. We demonstrate that these systems show fundamentally different dynamics. A system with a Fano resonance displays at most one temporal beat under pulsed excitation, whereas a system in the Rabi regime may have any number of beats. Remarkably, the Fano-like systems show time dynamics with very characteristic coherent tails despite the strong decoherence that is intrinsic for such systems. The coherent Fano and Rabi dynamics that we predicted can be observed in plasmonic nanocrystal dimers in time-resolved experiments. Our study demonstrates that such coherent temporal plasmonics includes nontrivial and characteristic relaxation behaviors and presents an interesting direction to develop with further research.Comment: 31 pages [main text (4 figures) + supplemental (12 figures)

Enhanced Working Memory Binding by Direct Electrical Stimulation of the Parietal Cortex

Recent works evince the critical role of visual short-term memory (STM) binding deficits as a clinical and preclinical marker of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). These studies suggest a potential role of posterior brain regions in both the neurocognitive deficits of Alzheimer’s patients and STM binding in general. Thereupon, we surmised that stimulation of the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) might be a successful approach to tackle working memory deficits in this condition, especially at early stages. To date, no causal evidence exists of the role of the parietal cortex in STM binding. A unique approach to assess this issue is afforded by single-subject direct intracranial electrical stimulation of specific brain regions during a relevant cognitive task. Electrical stimulation has been used both for clinical purposes and to causally probe brain mechanisms. Previous evidence of electrical currents spreading through white matter along well defined functional circuits indicates that visual working memory mechanisms are subserved by a specific widely distributed network. Here, we stimulated the parietal cortex of a subject with intracranial electrodes as he performed the visual STM task. We compared the ensuing results to those from a non-stimulated condition and to the performance of a matched control group. In brief, direct stimulation of the parietal cortex induced a selective improvement in STM. These results, together with previous studies, provide very preliminary but promising ground to examine behavioral changes upon parietal stimulation in AD. We discuss our results regarding: (a) the usefulness of the task to target prodromal stages of AD; (b) the role of a posterior network in STM binding and in AD; and (c) the potential opportunity to improve STM binding through brain stimulation

Complement system activation contributes to the ependymal damage induced by microbial neuraminidase

Background In the rat brain, a single intracerebroventricular injection of neuraminidase from Clostridium perfringens induces ependymal detachment and death. This injury occurs before the infiltration of inflammatory blood cells; some reports implicate the complement system as a cause of these injuries. Here, we set out to test the role of complement. Methods The assembly of the complement membrane attack complex on the ependymal epithelium of rats injected with neuraminidase was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Complement activation, triggered by neuraminidase, and the participation of different activation pathways were analyzed by Western blot. In vitro studies used primary cultures of ependymal cells and explants of the septal ventricular wall. In these models, ependymal cells were exposed to neuraminidase in the presence or absence of complement, and their viability was assessed by observing beating of cilia or by trypan blue staining. The role of complement in ependymal damage induced by neuraminidase was analyzed in vivo in two rat models of complement blockade: systemic inhibition of C5 by using a function blocking antibody and testing in C6-deficient rats. Results The complement membrane attack complex immunolocalized on the ependymal surface in rats injected intracerebroventricularly with neuraminidase. C3 activation fragments were found in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of rats treated with neuraminidase, suggesting that neuraminidase itself activates complement. In ventricular wall explants and isolated ependymal cells, treatment with neuraminidase alone induced ependymal cell death; however, the addition of complement caused increased cell death and disorganization of the ependymal epithelium. In rats treated with anti-C5 and in C6-deficient rats, intracerebroventricular injection of neuraminidase provoked reduced ependymal alterations compared to non-treated or control rats. Immunohistochemistry confirmed the absence of membrane attack complex on the ependymal surfaces of neuraminidase-exposed rats treated with anti-C5 or deficient in C6. Conclusions These results demonstrate that the complement system contributes to ependymal damage and death caused by neuraminidase. However, neuraminidase alone can induce moderate ependymal damage without the aid of complement

Proyecto, investigación e innovación en urbanismo, arquitectura y diseño industrial

Actas de congresoLas VII Jornadas de Investigación “Encuentro y Reflexión” y I Jornadas de Investigación de becarios y doctorandos. Proyecto, investigación e innovación en Urbanismo, Arquitectura y Diseño Industrial se centraron en cuatro ejes: el proyecto; la dimensión tecnológica y la gestión; la dimensión social y cultural y la enseñanza en Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño Industrial, sustentados en las líneas prioritarias de investigación definidas epistemológicamente en el Consejo Asesor de Ciencia y Tecnología de esta Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Con el objetivo de afianzar continuidad, formación y transferencia de métodos, metodología y recursos se incorporó becarios y doctorandos de los Institutos de investigación. La Comisión Honoraria la integraron las tres Secretarias de Investigación de la Facultad, arquitectas Marta Polo, quien fundó y María del Carmen Franchello y Nora Gutiérrez Crespo quienes continuaron la tradición de la buena práctica del debate en la cotidianeidad de la propia Facultad. Los textos que conforman las VII Jornadas son los avances y resultados de las investigaciones realizadas en el bienio 2016-2018.Fil: Novello, María Alejandra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Repiso, Luciana. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Mir, Guillermo. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Brizuela, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Herrera, Fernanda. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Períes, Lucas. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Romo, Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Gordillo, Natalia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; ArgentinaFil: Andrade, Elena Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Arquitectura, Urbanismo y Diseño; Argentin

Temporal plasmonics: Fano and Rabi regimes in the time domain in metal nanostructures

The Fano and Rabi models represent remarkably common effects in optics. Here we study the coherent time dynamics of plasmonic systems exhibiting Fano and Rabi spectral responses. We demonstrate that these systems show fundamentally different dynamics. A plasmonic system with a Fano resonance displays at most one temporal beat under pulsed excitation, whereas a plasmonic system in the Rabi-like regime may have any number of beats. Remarkably, the Fano-like systems show time dynamics with very characteristic coherent tails despite the strong decoherence that is intrinsic for such systems. The coherent Fano and Rabi dynamics that we predicted can be observed in plasmonic nanocrystal dimers in time-resolved experiments. Our study demonstrates that such coherent temporal plasmonics includes non-trivial and characteristic relaxation behaviors and presents an interesting direction to develop with further research

Local growth mediated by plasmonic hot carriers: chirality from achiral nanocrystals using circularly polarized light

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGPlasmonic nanocrystals and their assemblies are excellent tools to create functional systems, including systems with strong chiral optical responses. Here we study the possibility of growing chiral plasmonic nanocrystals from strictly nonchiral seeds of different types by using circularly polarized light as the chirality-inducing mechanism. We present a novel theoretical methodology that simulates realistic nonlinear and inhomogeneous photogrowth processes in plasmonic nanocrystals, mediated by the excitation of hot carriers that can drive surface chemistry. We show the strongly anisotropic and chiral growth of oriented nanocrystals with lowered symmetry, with the striking feature that such chiral growth can appear even for nanocrystals with subwavelength sizes. Furthermore, we show that the chiral growth of nanocrystals in solution is fundamentally challenging. This work explores new ways of growing monolithic chiral plasmonic nanostructures and can be useful for the development of plasmonic photocatalysis and fabrication technologies.Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C 2016-034Xunta de Galicia | IN607A 2018/5Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. CTM2017-84050-RAgencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2020-113704RB-I00Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. PID2020-118282RA-I0

Successful field performance in dry-warm environments of soybean expressing the sunflower transcription factor HaHB4

Soybean yield is limited primarily by abiotic constraints. No transgenic soybean with improved abiotic-stress tolerance is available in the market. We transformed soybean plants with genetic constructs able to express the sunflower transcription factor HaHB4, which confers drought tolerance to Arabidopsis and wheat plants. One line (b10H) carrying the sunflower promoter was chosen among three independent lines because it exhibited the best performance in seed yield (SY). Such line was evaluated in the greenhouse and in twenty-seven field trials developed in different environments of Argentina. In greenhouse experiments, transgenic plants showed increased SY under stress conditions together with wider epycotyl diameter, enlarged xylem area and enhanced water use efficiency than controls. They also exhibited enhanced SY in warm-dry field conditions. This response was accompanied by the increased in seed number that was not compensated by the decreased in individual seed weight. The transcriptome analysis of plants from a field trial with maximum SY difference between genotypes indicated an induction of genes encoding redox and heat shock proteins in b10H. Collectively, our results indicate that soybeans transformed with HaHB4 are expected to have reduced SY penalization when cropped in warm-dry conditions, which constitute the best target environments for this technology.Fil: Ribichich, Karina Fabiana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Chiozza, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Ávalos-Britez, Selva. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Cabello, Julieta Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Arce, Agustín Lucas. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; ArgentinaFil: Watson, Geronimo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Arias, Claudia Vanina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas; ArgentinaFil: Portapila, Margarita Isabel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Centro Internacional Franco Argentino de Ciencias de la Información y de Sistemas; ArgentinaFil: Trucco, Federico. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Rosario. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Otegui, Maria Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Chan, Raquel Lia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Santa Fe. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral. Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Instituto de Agrobiotecnología del Litoral; Argentin