Cyberbullying Experiences and Coping Strategies in Ibadan Metropolis, Ibadan, Nigeria

Introduction/Aim: Cyberbullying of influential personalities or celebrities is a media menace. Psychological, depressional, and emotional suicidal ideation effects are some of the impacts on celebrities. A few studies have investigated celebrities' coping mechanisms against this, with the majority from developed countries. There is a dearth of information on this among celebrities in Nigeria. This study investigated the experience, effects, and coping mechanisms of cyberbullying among celebrities in the Ibadan metropolis, Oyo State, Nigeria. Material and method: A descriptive crosssectional purposive sampling method was adopted. An in-depth interview guide was used for data collection among 14 consented celebrities. Data were manually analysed thematically. Results: Most participants were 25-35 years old and were comedians. All have experienced cyberbullies, such as popularity attacks and defamation of character. The effects of cyberbullying on the victims include low self-esteem, mental stress, depression, substance abuse, and financial crisis. Jealousy, hatred, envy, and quest for popularity among the perpetrators fuelled this menace. However, some celebrities have overcome these effects through technical, preventive, corrective, social support, and spiritual approaches. Conclusion: Cyberbullying is prevalent among celebrities and many experienced psychological effects. Awareness, interventions aimed at its prevention, and adequate coping strategies are needed to solve this menace

Bullying and Development

This capstone project looks into the developmental aspects behind bullying. Cyberbullying, suicide and long term effects are presented along with how schools have been handling bullying within the classroom. Adding a personal touch, to show a prime example of how one can overcome substantial obstacles and see the light at the end of the tunnel. This project also looks in depth of the effects of cyberbullying as it has increased over the years with the strong use of technology. Additional information was gathered by conducting an interview with teachers from a Bay Area elementary school along with a high school student in order to gain another perspective of the situation. By working closely with schools to slowly prevent bullying, it will gain awareness and help stop these long term effects from arising

Understanding the Bystander Audience in Online Incivility Encounters: Conceptual Issues and Future Research Questions

This paper presents a theoretical exploration of how and why the 1960’s bystander theory is a valuable lens through which to study contemporary uncivil online communication, particularly in user commenting spaces. Based on the literature on bystander intervention, which includes extensive field and experimental research on bystander behavior in emergency situations, this paper understands non-target readers of uncivil comments as the bystander audience, which is made up of people who encounter an emerging form of online emergencies and can decide whether and how to intervene. In doing so, some particularities of online affordances are taken into account to predict how they might challenge the application of traditional bystander literature. Through such considerations, this paper identifies a set of future research questions about the underlying conditions, causes, and consequences of intervention against online incivility, and then concludes with some limitations and implications of the proposed approach

A review on emotions associated with cyberbullying in young adults

Este trabajo presenta la primera revisión de alcance (scoping review) sobre emociones asociadas alciberacoso en jóvenes adultos reportadas por artículos de investigación científica publicados entre 2017 y 2019. La búsqueda se realizó en nueve bases de datos. Después de aplicar los criterios de inclusión a las 923 citaciones iniciales, se obtuvo una muestra final de 32 artículos. El promedio de edad de la muestra es de 23 años. Esto indica que, más allá de su población tradicionalmente investigada -los/as adolescentes-, el ciberacoso afecta a jóvenes en sus primeros años de vida adulta. Los resultados indican que las emociones más comunes entre las víctimas son ansiedad, tristeza, ira, angustia y miedo. Estas suelen aparecer asociadas a ataques de pánico, sensaciones persecutorias, aislamiento, insomnio, depresión e ideaciones suicidas. Respecto a los agresores, se destacan la ira y la ansiedad. En cuanto a los espectadores -el tercer actor involucrado- entre las más comunes se presentan ira, piedad y empatía afectiva. Cabe señalar que el estado del arte se ha centrado en las víctimas, por lo que el análisis del rol de agresores y espectadores representa un área de vacancia.This work presents the first scoping review on emotions associated with cyberbullying in young adults reported by papers published between 2017 and 2019. The search was made in nine databases. After applying the inclusion criteria to the 923 initial citations, a final sample of 32 articles was obtained. The average age of the sample is 23 years. This indicates that, beyond its historical population (adolescents), cyberbullying affects young people in their first years of adult life. The results indicate that the most common emotions among the victims are anxiety, sadness, anger, anguish and fear. These usually appear linked to panic attacks, persecutory sensations, isolation, insomnia, depression and suicidal ideations. Regarding the aggressors, anger and anxiety stand out. As for the spectators -the third actor involvedanger, piety and emotional empathy are among the most common. It should be noted that the state of the art has focused on victims, so the analysis of the role of aggressors and spectators represents an area of vacancy.Fil: Marín Cortés, Andrés Felipe. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales; Argentina. Universidad de San Buenaventura; ColombiaFil: Linne, Joaquín Walter. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Lanús. Departamento de Planificación y Políticas Publicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Sociales. Instituto de Investigaciones "Gino Germani". Estudios Culturales; Argentin

Agressores de cyberbullying : o efeito das crenças de autoeficácia e experiências de vitimização nas intenções comportamentais

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia da Educação e da Orientação), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia, 201A sociedade atual tem sido marcada pelo constante contacto com novos avanços tecnológicos que tornam a comunicação cada vez mais fácil e à escala mundial. Através de dispositivos tecnológicos como um simples telemóvel, computador ou tablet é possível partilhar imagens, vídeos ou acontecimentos em direto para qualquer parte do mundo. Estamos perante um mundo virtual que oferece muitas vantagens, mas também riscos provenientes da frequente exposição pessoal. O fenómeno “cyberbullying” surgiu neste contexto e tem aumentado exponencialmente levando muitos jovens a agredirem-se e a assistirem a agressões. O presente estudo pretende identificar as intenções comportamentais dos agressores de cyberbullying que já tiveram experiências de vitimização anteriores, assim como compreender se a frequência de vitimização dos agressores e as crenças de autoeficácia vão levar à intenção de repetir o comportamento agressivo ou à intenção de ajudar futuras vítimas. Foram aplicados vários questionários do inventário de incidentes observados de cyberbullying (IIOC) a estudantes do 2º e 3º ciclo de escolaridade e do ensino secundário que frequentam seis escolas do centro e sul de Portugal (N=676). Os resultados apontaram para uma maior probabilidade dos agressores virem a ter a intenção de ajudar futuras vítimas quando já sofreram algum tipo de vitimização, assim como se tiverem uma maior crença de autoeficácia. Relativamente aos tipos e intenções, a “intenção de repetir o comportamento agressivo se virem alguém a insultar alguém” e a “intenção de ajudar futuras vítimas se virem alguém a insultar alguém” surge como as mais prováveis de os agressores virem a ter.Today's society has been marked by constant contact with new technological advances that make communication increasingly easier and worldwide. Through technological devices, such as mobile phones, computers or tablets, it is possible to share images, videos or events in any part of the world. This is a virtual world that offers many advantages, but also risks from frequent personal exposure. The phenomenon of cyberbullying has emerged in this context and has increased exponentially, causing many young people to attack and to witness aggression. The present study focuses on this theme and aims to identify the behavioral intentions of cyberbullying aggressors who have had previous victimization experiences, as well as to understand if the frequency of victimization of aggressors and beliefs of self-efficacy to solve cyberbullying incidents will lead to the intention of repeating aggressive behavior or the intention to help future victims. Several questionnaires of the inventory of observed incidents of cyberbullying (IIOC) were applied to middle and high school students attending six schools in central and southern Portugal (N = 676). The results pointed towards a greater likelihood of having the intention to help future victims when the aggressors had already suffered some type of victimization, as well as if they had greater self-efficacy beliefs to solve cyberbullying situations. Regarding the types of intentions, the "intent to repeat aggressive behavior if they see someone insulting someone" and the "intention to help future victims if they see someone insulting someone" appears to be the most likely to be experienced by the aggressors

Nuorten puuttuminen nettikiusaamiseen sosiaalisessa mediassa

Tässä kvantitatiivisessa tutkimuksessa selvitettiin, miten nuoret puuttuvat nettikiusaamiseen sosiaalisessa mediassa. Lisäksi selvitettiin nuorten asennoitumista nettikiusaamiseen ja sen yhteyttä toimintaan nettikiusaamistilanteessa. Tarkastelun kohteena oli myös se, kuinka sukupuoli ja sosiaaliseen mediaan käytetty aika ovat yhteydessä puuttumiseen ja asennoitumiseen. Tutkimuksessa puuttumisella tarkoitetaan nuorten toimintaa ja väliintuloa sosiaalisessa mediassa, kun he kohtaavat siellä itseensä ja toiseen henkilöön kohdistuvaa kiusaamista. Tutkimukseen osallistui 1091 suomalaista nuorta, jotka olivat iältään 12–17-vuotiaita. Tutkimusaineisto koostui nuorten kyselyvastauksista, jotka kerättiin sähköisellä lomakekyselyllä. Tutkimusmenetelminä käytettiin ristiintaulukointia, χ2-riippumattomuustestiä sekä ryhmittelyanalyysiä. Vastaajat jaettiin ryhmittelyanalyysin avulla erilaisiin ryhmiin sen perusteella, miten he asennoituivat nettikiusaamiseen. Ryhmät nimettiin seuraavasti: vastuuntuntoiset, epävarmat, rohkeat ja välinpitämättömät. Vastuuntuntoiset -ryhmää edusti lähes puolet vastaajista. Välinpitämättömät -ryhmässä poikien osuus oli huomattavan iso tyttöihin verrattuna. Tyttöjen osuus oli suuri puolestaan vastuuntuntoiset -ryhmässä. Nuorista 78 % oli puuttunut itseensä kohdistuvaan nettikiusaamiseen. Yleisin puuttumisen tapa oli kiusaajan estäminen sosiaalisen median palvelusta. Vastaajaan kohdistuvassa nettikiusaamisessa asennoituminen ja sukupuoli olivat yhteydessä siihen, millä tavalla nuoret puuttuivat nettikiusaamiseen. Toiseen henkilöön kohdistuvassa nettikiusaamistilanteessa puuttujien osuus oli 72 % vastaajista, ja yleisin puuttumisen tapa oli puolustaa ja tukea kiusattua. Asennoituminen ja sosiaalisessa mediassa vietetty aika olivat yhteydessä siihen, olivatko nuoret puuttuneet toiseen kohdistuvaan nettikiusaamiseen sekä millä tavalla puuttuminen oli tapahtunut. Sukupuoli oli yhteydessä ainoastaan puuttumisen tapoihin. Toiseen kohdistuvassa nettikiusaamisessa eniten puuttujia oli vastuuntuntoiset -ryhmässä ja vähiten välinpitämättömät -ryhmässä. Poikiin verrattuna tyttöjen puuttumisessa korostuivat erityisesti kiusatun tukeminen ja omista kiusaamiskokemuksista kaverille tai aikuisille kertominen

Sexting, harcèlement, intimidation: le point de vue des témoins

Comprendre les dérives du sexting, notamment par l’étude du partage non consenti, est particulièrement important dans la problématique plus large du harcèlement ou de l’intimidation, notamment en milieu scolaire. En effet, certain·es auteur·es considèrent que le partage non consenti de contenu à caractère sexuel est un acte relevant du harcèlement et qu’il en partage certaines caractéristiques comme le déséquilibre des forces entre victimes et auteur·es, et l’influence du groupe. Dans sa lutte contre le harcèlement en milieu scolaire, le Département de la Formation, de la Jeunesse et de la Culture (DFJC) du canton de Vaud a décidé d’utiliser la méthode de la préoccupation partagée (MPP) afin de lutter contre les situations de harcèlement entre élèves. Cette méthode cherche à défaire l’effet du groupe. Quelques études se sont intéressées aux témoins dans le cadre du harcèlement, mais pas spécifiquement dans le cadre du sexting. Pour pouvoir appréhender l’ensemble des acteur·trices potentiellement impliqué·es dans une telle problématique, il apparait essentiel de mieux comprendre la place et le ressenti des pairs-témoins, notamment par rapport aux interventions qui visent spécifiquement l’aspect collectif du harcèlement comme la MPP. [...]]]> Sexting; harcèlement; intimidation; milieu scolaire; images intimes; adolescents fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_0D753B9680DF.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D753B9680DF5 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D753B9680DF5 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_0D5B79608BBE 2022-11-26T02:15:02Z ehelvetica openaire documents phdthesis urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_0D5B79608BBE "DIESES SELTSAME MISCHGEBILDE VON HAUS UND STRAßE“ DIE PASSAGE UND IHRE DARSTELLUNG BEI LOUIS ARAGON UND WALTER BENJAMIN Bussard, Anne Christine Université de Lausanne, Faculté des lettres info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis phdthesis 2016 ger https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_0D5B79608BBE.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5B79608BBE9 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5B79608BBE9 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_0D5BADA03255 2022-11-26T02:15:02Z ehelvetica openaire documents phdthesis urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_0D5BADA03255 PHARMACOGENETIC AND CLINICAL STUDY ON METABOLIC SIDE EFFECTS INDUCED BY PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS: FOCUS ON WEIGHT GAIN AND ON LIPID DISTURBANCES DELACRETAZ, Aurélie Université de Lausanne, Faculté de biologie et médecine info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis phdthesis 2017 eng https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_0D5BADA03255.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5BADA032555 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_0D5BADA032555 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_0D5BB837E25A 2022-11-26T02:15:02Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_0D5BB837E25A Force-induced globule-coil transition in laminin binding protein and its role for viral-cell membrane fusion. info:doi:10.1002/jmr.2399 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/jmr.2399 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/25319621 Zaitsev, B.N. Benedetti, F. Mikhaylov, A.G. Korneev, D.V. Sekatskii, S.K. Karakouz, T. Belavin, P.A. Netesova, N.A. Protopopova, E.V. Konovalova, S.N. Dietler, G. Loktev, V.B. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2014 Journal of Molecular Recognition, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 727-738 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1099-1352 urn:issn:0952-3499 <![CDATA[The specific interactions of the pairs laminin binding protein (LBP)-purified tick-borne encephalitis viral surface protein E and certain recombinant fragments of this protein, as well as West Nile viral surface protein E and certain recombinant fragments of that protein, are studied by combined methods of single-molecule dynamic force spectroscopy (SMDFS), enzyme immunoassay and optical surface waves-based biosensor measurements. The experiments were performed at neutral pH (7.4) and acid pH (5.3) conditions. The data obtained confirm the role of LBP as a cell receptor for two typical viral species of the Flavivirus genus. A comparison of these data with similar data obtained for another cell receptor of this family, namely human αVβ3 integrin, reveals that both these receptors are very important. Studying the specific interaction between the cell receptors in question and specially prepared monoclonal antibodies against them, we could show that both interaction sites involved in the process of virus-cell interaction remain intact at pH 5.3. At the same time, for these acid conditions characteristic for an endosome during flavivirus-cell membrane fusion, SMDFS data reveal the existence of a force-induced (effective already for forces as small as 30-70 pN) sharp globule-coil transition for LBP and LBP-fragments of protein E complexes. We argue that this conformational transformation, being an analog of abrupt first-order phase transition and having similarity with the famous Rayleigh hydrodynamic instability, might be indispensable for the flavivirus-cell membrane fusion process. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd

Bystander behaviour in response to traditional/cyber bullying scenarios: a consideration of victimisation/perpetration, empathy and severity

The current study aimed to investigate bystander behaviour across traditional and cyber bullying scenarios that changed in severity: mild, moderate and severe. Participant’s victimisation/perpetration and emotional/cognitive traits were also measured and considered in respect to bystander behaviour. A total of 868 adolescent pupils’ (males: N = 458, females: N = 410) completed a self-report questionnaire comprising of three hypothetical traditional and cyber bullying scenarios respectively that increased in severity. Victimisation/perpetration and emotional/cognitive trait items were also included within the questionnaire. The findings showed that positive bystander behaviour was higher in cyber compared to traditional bullying, with females showing higher positive bystander behaviours in both traditional and cyber bullying scenarios. No relationship of age was found. A positive relationship was found between victimisation and perpetration experience in both types of bullying, although victimisation experience was not associated with positive bystander behaviour. With the exception of traditional perpetration, cyber perpetration was associated with negative bystander behaviour where males had higher perpetration scores compared to females in both types of bullying. No gender differences on victimisation were found. Findings to support previous literature on empathy were found. It was found that severity did have an effect on bystander behaviour with more severe scenarios leading to positive bystander behaviour in both types of bullying, although no difference between severe traditional or cyber were found. The practical application of these findings encourages educators and intervention developers to utilise adolescent’s bystander knowledge to reduce bullying acts in the school environment. Future research should examine the effect of bystander awareness training on adolescent’s positive bystander behaviour across two time periods

Restoring Trust: A Grounded Theory Study of Cyberbullying Among Young Women

Cyberbullying is a global and national public health issue with the potential to affect the healthy social and emotional development of adolescents and young adults. There has been an 80% increase in social media use in 18-29 year olds between 2004 and 2014 (Gahagen, Vaterlaus, & Frost, 2016). In a study of 14-24 year olds (MTV/AP, 2011), 76% identified cyberbullying as a serious problem, with more than 56% reporting they have experienced cyberbullying. Cyberbullying research has been conducted predominantly with adolescents (ages 11-18 years), however scant research has been conducted with older adolescents and young adults (ages 18-30 years). This classical grounded theory study explored the process of cyberbullying victimization from the perspective of 15 young women ages 18-30 years old. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using constant comparison. The substantive theory that emerged from the data is comprised of the core category, Restoring Trust, and five key categories: Becoming the Target, Suffering in Silence, Reaching Out, Receiving Support, and Becoming Empowered. Of significance is the discovery of trust as the dynamic that moves the process forward. Trust is initially lost when the young woman becomes the target, and then restored through the process of reaching out for help, receiving support, and becoming empowered. Being believed is the gateway to restoring trust. Knowledge and insights gained from this study will inform prevention and intervention strategies

Bystanders to College Bullying: An Application of the Bystander Intervention Model

University of Minnesota Ph.D. dissertation. July 2019. Major: Communication Studies. Advisor: Susanne Jones. 1 computer file (PDF); viii, 212 pages.College bullying is a damaging health problem. Many campuses have bullying prevention efforts, yet few are tailored to bystanders. This is unfortunate, as peer bystanders are present in most bullying situations and know about incidents before campus officials. However, many bystanders fail to intervene due to fear and uncertainty about how to safely and effectively help. This dissertation utilized mixed methods research to pursue three goals. First, informed by the bystander intervention model (BIM; Latané & Darley, 1970), focus groups were conducted to explore how college students: 1) notice bullying, 2) interpret harm, 3) feel motivation to help, 4) know how to help, and 5) implement intervention decisions. These results uncover how bystanders communicatively construct their bullying experiences, as well as the range of possibilities and difficulties encountered when making intervention choices. The second goal of this project was to analyze whether participation in long-term focus groups serve as a bullying intervention in and of itself. A pre- and post-test design revealed that participants in the intervention group had higher bystander intervention scores. Initiatives that involve education and group-dialogue sessions have great potential to improve bystanders’ attitudes and behaviors that support bullied peers. Last, students evaluated 28 bystander responses to bullying that varied along three dimensions: 1) helpful to unhelpful, 2) safe to unsafe, and 3) direct to indirect. These evaluations illustrate the range of intervention options as a mechanism to reduce passive and avoidant bystander roles. This study’s findings encourage campuses to adopt bystander intervention campaigns to curtail bullying