Alcuni abstract di articoli che trattano argomenti relativi all'eHealth

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Mechatronics & the cloud

Conventionally, the engineering design process has assumed that the design team is able to exercise control over all elements of the design, either directly or indirectly in the case of sub-systems through their specifications. The introduction of Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) and the Internet of Things (IoT) means that a design team’s ability to have control over all elements of a system is no longer the case, particularly as the actual system configuration may well be being dynamically reconfigured in real-time according to user (and vendor) context and need. Additionally, the integration of the Internet of Things with elements of Big Data means that information becomes a commodity to be autonomously traded by and between systems, again according to context and need, all of which has implications for the privacy of system users. The paper therefore considers the relationship between mechatronics and cloud-basedtechnologies in relation to issues such as the distribution of functionality and user privacy

A case study in open source innovation: developing the Tidepool Platform for interoperability in type 1 diabetes management.

OBJECTIVE:Develop a device-agnostic cloud platform to host diabetes device data and catalyze an ecosystem of software innovation for type 1 diabetes (T1D) management. MATERIALS AND METHODS:An interdisciplinary team decided to establish a nonprofit company, Tidepool, and build open-source software. RESULTS:Through a user-centered design process, the authors created a software platform, the Tidepool Platform, to upload and host T1D device data in an integrated, device-agnostic fashion, as well as an application ("app"), Blip, to visualize the data. Tidepool's software utilizes the principles of modular components, modern web design including REST APIs and JavaScript, cloud computing, agile development methodology, and robust privacy and security. DISCUSSION:By consolidating the currently scattered and siloed T1D device data ecosystem into one open platform, Tidepool can improve access to the data and enable new possibilities and efficiencies in T1D clinical care and research. The Tidepool Platform decouples diabetes apps from diabetes devices, allowing software developers to build innovative apps without requiring them to design a unique back-end (e.g., database and security) or unique ways of ingesting device data. It allows people with T1D to choose to use any preferred app regardless of which device(s) they use. CONCLUSION:The authors believe that the Tidepool Platform can solve two current problems in the T1D device landscape: 1) limited access to T1D device data and 2) poor interoperability of data from different devices. If proven effective, Tidepool's open source, cloud model for health data interoperability is applicable to other healthcare use cases

Exploring the Interrelationship of Risk Factors for Supporting eHealth Knowledge-Based System

In developing countries like Africa, the physician-to-population ratio is below the World Health Organization (WHO) minimum recommendation. Because of the limited resource setting, the healthcare services did not get the equity of access to the use of health services, the sustainable health financing, and the quality of healthcare service provision. Efficient and effective teaching, alerting, and recommendation system are required to support the activities of the healthcare service. To alleviate those issues, creating a competitive eHealth knowledge-based system (KBS) will bring unlimited benefit. In this study, Apriori techniques are applied to malaria dataset to explore the degree of the association of risk factors. And then, integrate the output of data mining (i.e., the interrelationship of risk factors) with knowledge-based reasoning. Nearest neighbor retrieval algorithms (for retrieval) and voting method (to reuse tasks) are used to design and deliver personalized knowledge-based system

Providing security and fault tolerance in P2P connections between clouds for mHealth services

[EN] The mobile health (mHealth) and electronic health (eHealth) systems are useful to maintain a correct administration of health information and services. However, it is mandatory to ensure a secure data transmission and in case of a node failure, the system should not fall down. This fact is important because several vital systems could depend on this infrastructure. On the other hand, a cloud does not have infinite computational and storage resources in its infrastructure or would not provide all type of services. For this reason, it is important to establish an interrelation between clouds using communication protocols in order to provide scalability, efficiency, higher service availability and flexibility which allow the use of services, computing and storage resources of other clouds. In this paper, we propose the architecture and its secure protocol that allows exchanging information, data, services, computing and storage resources between all interconnected mHealth clouds. The system is based on a hierarchic architecture of two layers composed by nodes with different roles. The routing algorithm used to establish the connectivity between the nodes is the shortest path first (SPF), but it can be easily changed by any other one. Our architecture is highly scalable and allows adding new nodes and mHealth clouds easily, while it tries to maintain the load of the cloud balanced. Our protocol design includes node discovery, authentication and fault tolerance. We show the protocol operation and the secure system design. Finally we provide the performance results in a controlled test bench.Lloret, J.; Sendra, S.; Jimenez, JM.; Parra-Boronat, L. (2016). Providing security and fault tolerance in P2P connections between clouds for mHealth services. Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications. 9(5):876-893. doi:10.1007/s12083-015-0378-3S87689395The Fifty-eighth World Health Assembly, Resolutions and Decisions. Document: A58/21. 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DOI: 10.4018/978-1-4666-4781-7.ch014Wan J, Zhang D, Zhao S, Yang LT, Lloret J (2014) Context-aware vehicular cyber-physical systems with cloud support: architecture, challenges and solutions. IEEE Commun Mag 52(8):106–113. doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6871677Rodrigues JJPC, Zhou L, Mendes LDP, Lin K, Lloret J (2012) Distributed media-aware flow scheduling in cloud computing environment. Comput Commun 35(15):1819–1827Dutta R, Annappa B (2014) Protection of data in unsecured public cloud environment with open, vulnerable networks using threshold-based secret sharing. Netw Protoc Algoritm 6(1):58–75Modares H, Lloret J, Moravejosharieh A, Salleh R (2013) Security in mobile cloud computing (Chapter 5). In Mobile Networks and Cloud computing Convergence for Progressive Services and Applications. IGI Global. pp. 79–91Mehmood A, Song H, Lloret J (2014) Multi-agent based framework for secure and reliable communication among open clouds. 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Policy-Controlled Authenticated Access to LLN-Connected Healthcare Resources.

Ubiquitous devices comprising several resource-constrained nodes with sensors, actuators, and networking capabilities are becoming part of many solutions that seek to enhance user's environment smartness and quality of living, prominently including enhanced healthcare services. In such an environment, security issues are of primary concern as a potential resource misuse can severely impact user's privacy or even become life threatening. Access to these resources should be appropriately controlled to ensure that eHealth nodes are adequately protected and the services are available to authorized entities. The intrinsic resource limitations of these nodes, however, make satisfying these requirements a great challenge. This paper proposes and analyzes a service-oriented architecture that provides a policy-based, unified, cross-platform, and flexible access control mechanism, allowing authorized entities to consume services provided by eHealth nodes while protecting their valuable resources. The scheme is XACML driven, although modifications to the related standardized architecture are proposed to satisfy the requirements imposed by nodes that comprise low-power and lossy networks (LLNs). A proof-of-concept implementation is presented, along with the associated performance evaluation, confirming the feasibility of the proposed approach

Service and device discovery of nodes in a wireless sensor network

Emerging wireless communication standards and more capable sensors and actuators have pushed further development of wireless sensor networks. Deploying a large number of sensor\ud nodes requires a high-level framework enabling the devices to present themselves and the resources they hold. The device and the resources can be described as services, and in this paper, we review a number of well-known service discovery protocols. Bonjour stands out with its auto-configuration, distributed architecture, and sharing of resources. We also present a lightweight implementation in order to demonstrate that an emerging standards-based device and service discovery protocol can actually be deployed on small wireless sensor nodes

A new framework architecture for next generation e-Health services

The challenge for fast and low-cost deployment of ubiquitous personalized e-Health services has prompted us to propose a new framework architecture for such services. We have studied the operational features and the environment of e-Health services and we led to a framework structure that extends the ETSI/Parlay architecture, which is used for the deployment of standardized services over the next generation IP networks. We expanded the ETSI/Parlay architecture with new service capability features as well as sensor, profiling and security mechanisms. The proposed framework assists the seamless integration, within the e-Health service structure, of diverse facilities provided by both the underlying communication and computing infrastructure as well as the patient's bio and context sensor networks. Finally, we demonstrate the deployment of a tele-monitoring service in smart home environment based on the proposed framework architecture