Application Of a Combination of AHP and TOPSIS Methods in Shipyard Selection

Choosing a shipyard that does not meet the requirements can affect ship building process. Incompatibility of construction process can cause delays in completion time or delivery of ship to shipowner. The resulting delays can affect reputation of shipowner because they cannot fulfill their cargo delivery services, where cargo contract is generally carried out before ship is handed over from shipyard to shipowner. Delays will also affect insurance providers, both ship and cargo insurance. A stricter evaluation from insurance company could result in an increase in premiums charged due to risks that will be faced in the future. The aim is to determine priority of shipyards that will be appointed for ship construction in Batam area. Because shipyard selection does not only involve quantitative but also qualitative variables, Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) method was used in this research. Method used in selection is a combination of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). AHP is used to determine weight of the criteria and sub-criteria used in selection, while TOPSIS is used to determine shipyard selection priorities based on weight of criteria and sub-criteria that have been generated from AHP process. Respondents in this study were representatives of three ship owners, consisting of two technical managers and one deputy general manager. Based on the results of the analysis of six shipyards in Batam area, a priority order of shipyards recommended for ship construction by company was obtained. Sensitivity analysis also shows that the results produced in shipyard selection are quite robust

An automated optimisation framework for the development of re-configurable business processes: a web services approach

The practice of optimising business processes has, until recently, been undertaken mainly as a manual task. This article provides insights into an automated business process optimisation framework by using web services for the development of re-configurable business processes. The research presented here extends the optimisation framework by introducing additional web services as a mechanism for facilitating process interactions, identifying enhancements to support business processes and undertaking three case studies to evaluate the proposed enhancements. The featured case studies demonstrate that an increase in the amount of available web services gives rise to improvements in the business processes generated. This research highlights an increase in the efficiency of the algorithm and the quality of the business process designs that result from the enhancements. Future research directions are proposed for the further improvement of the framework

Making sense of maritime supply chain: a relationship marketing approach

Building a relationship with the maritime supply chain partners is considered imperative for organisations to survive and remain competitive. Yet, several studies that examined the maritime supply chain have not adequately explored nor assessed the relationship constructs that impacts maritime supply chain performance. This study intends to fill this gap and ascertain the influence that certain relationship elements have on the maritime supply chain performance. The study is solely a desk research. After providing a general overview of maritime supply chain and its structure, relationship marketing paradigm and relationship constructs, this study examines the influence that the identified relationship constructs (i.e. trust, commitment and satisfaction) has on supply chain performance. The study asserts that the present of the identified relationship constructs (i.e. trust, commitment and satisfaction) among supply chain partners will influence supply chain performance positively. Hence, building a successful long-term relationship among maritime supply chain partners requires an understanding of these key relationship constructs

Supply chain management 4.0: a literature review and research framework

This article presents a review of the existing state-of-the-art literature concerning Supply Chain Management 4.0 (SCM 4.0) and identifies and evaluates the relationship between digital technologies and Supply Chain Management. A literature review of state-of-the-art publications in the subject field and a bibliometric analysis were conducted. The paper identifies the impact of novel technologies on the different supply chain processes. Furthermore, the paper develops a roadmap framework for future research and practice. The proposed work is useful for both academics and practitioners as it outlines the pillar components for every supply chain transformation. It also proposes a range of research questions that can be used as a base to guide the future research direction of the field. This paper presents a novel and original literature review-based study on SCM4.0 as no comprehensive review is available where bibliometric analysis, motivations, barriers and technologies’ impact on different SC processes have been considered

Causas que influenciam o desempenho da reparação naval

Mestrado em Gestão/MBAApesar da drástica redução de trabalhadores desde 1979, menos 93% que contribuíam para cerca de 5% do VAB do sector da indústria transformadora do país, e detinha 12 % do mercado externo, hoje estes números são consideravelmente inferiores sendo a sua distribuição: 40% mercado nacional; 37% mercado UE, e 23% para o resto do mundo. Esta queda, para alguns observadores deve-se: à falta de qualificações dos trabalhadores a partir dos anos 80, saída do país dos fornecedores matérias-primas e equipamentos, saída dos principais investidores estrangeiros, estagnação da gestão, imposição da OCDE para acabar os subsídios à indústria naval e, deslocamento para a Ásia Ocidental da indústria naval europeia. Mas, mesmo sem a reestruturação ao sector que os parceiros europeus já fizeram, Portugal apresenta potencial de competitividade, EUROSTAT 2012. Neste contexto, das pesquisas feitas, seriamos levados a concluir que o "Desempenho da Reparação Naval em Portugal" é possível, se os estaleiros nacionais criarem factores chaves de competitividade como: o correcto dimensionamento das equipas, com as qualificações e competências técnicas necessárias, cultura de empresa, tecnologia, devendo a gestão envolver mais os clientes e fornecedores nos projectos, com o outsourcing a contribuir na redução dos custos, e o controlo do projecto "reparação" a ser feito utilizando-se as novas tecnologias do tipo ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) a envolver os Stakeholders no controlo do projecto, para além de parcerias entre os concorrentes nacionais e internacionais. PS - Todo o texto foi escrito pelas regras ortográficas anterior a 2013In Portugal, the ship repair services are directed mainly to the foreign market, with 37% on average for the EU and 23% for the rest of the world, despite the drastic reduction since 1979, less 93% of workers contributing to about 5% of GVA of the manufacturing industry of the country, and have had 32% of the export market. This fall is attributed by some observers to factors related to: lack of employee skills since the 80s, the country's output of materials, raw materials and equipment, and output of important foreign investors, not management evolution, ending subsidies to the industry repair by the imposition of the OECD and the displacement for Western Asia of the European shipbuilding industry. But even without the restructuring of the sector which the European partners have done, Portugal has the potential of competitiveness, EUROSTAT 2012. In this context, the research conducted for the project submitted, we would be led to conclude that the "Ship Repair Performance in Portugal" is possible if domestic shipyards create key factors as: the correct sizing of the teams, with the qualifications and relevant expertise, corporate culture, technology and must manage more engage customers and suppliers in the projects, with the outsourcing to help reduce costs, and control of the "repair" to be made using the new technologies of the type ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) to involve stakeholders in monitoring the project, as well as partnerships between national and international competito

Short-Term Resource Allocation and Management

Almost all sectors of the economy, such as, government, healthcare, education, ship repair, construction, and manufacturing require project management. A key component of project management deals with scheduling of tasks such that limited resources are utilized in an effective manner. Current research on resource constrained project-scheduling has been classified as: a) Single project with single mode for various tasks, b) Single project with multiple task modes, c) Multiple projects with single task mode, and d) Multiple projects with multiple task modes.;This work extends the current multi-project, multi-mode scheduling techniques. The resources can be renewable, and non-renewable. In addition, it focuses on short term scheduling, that is, scheduling on an hourly, daily, or weekly basis. Long term scheduling assumes a stable system, that is, resources, priorities, and other constraints do no change during the scheduling period. In this research, short term scheduling assumes a dynamic system, that is, resources, priorities, and other constraints change over time.;A hybrid approach is proposed to address the dynamic nature of the problem. It is based on discrete event simulation and a set of empirical rules provided by the project manager. The project manager is assumed to be highly knowledgeable about the project. He/she is regarded as an integral part of the system. Such an approach is better suited to deal with real world scheduling. The proposed approach does not seek to provide a single optimum solution, instead, it generates a series of feasible solutions, along with the impact of each solution on schedule and cost.;Two project case studies dealing with finding an optimum solution were selected from the literature. The proposed technique was applied to the data set in these studies. In both cases the proposed approach found the optimum solution. The model was then applied to two additional problems to test the features that could not be tested on the dataset from the literature.;As for practical implications, the proposed approach enhances the decision making process, by providing more resource allocation flexibility, and results in improved solutions in terms of total project duration and cost. From an academic viewpoint, this research enriches the existing literature, as it provides an extension of the resource constrained project scheduling problems, a discrete event simulation and four cases studies which highlights relevant issues to model properly the complexity of real-life projects

A model for evaluation of organizational and technological concepts in themanufacturing sector from the perspective of Industry 4.0

Истраживање у докторској дисертацији односи се на примену организационих и технолошких концепата у прерађивачком сектору, са акцентом на њихов допринос савременим трендовима производње, дефинисаним у оквиру Индустрије 4.0. Основни циљ истраживања је да се развије концептуални модел за евалуацију организационих и технолошких концепата у прерађивачком сектору, а након тога да се модел емпиријски примени са циљем утврђивања специфичних концепата који, посматрано из перспективе савремених производних трендова, имају највећи значај за компаније. За сврхе овог истраживања коришћене су методе за вишекритеријумско одлучивање. Развијени модел може се користити у будућим истраживањима, док се резултати могу користити за стратешку оријентацију компанија које су заинтересоване да се прилагоде и да послују у складу са савременим трендовима производње.Istraživanje u doktorskoj disertaciji odnosi se na primenu organizacionih i tehnoloških koncepata u prerađivačkom sektoru, sa akcentom na njihov doprinos savremenim trendovima proizvodnje, definisanim u okviru Industrije 4.0. Osnovni cilj istraživanja je da se razvije konceptualni model za evaluaciju organizacionih i tehnoloških koncepata u prerađivačkom sektoru, a nakon toga da se model empirijski primeni sa ciljem utvrđivanja specifičnih koncepata koji, posmatrano iz perspektive savremenih proizvodnih trendova, imaju najveći značaj za kompanije. Za svrhe ovog istraživanja korišćene su metode za višekriterijumsko odlučivanje. Razvijeni model može se koristiti u budućim istraživanjima, dok se rezultati mogu koristiti za stratešku orijentaciju kompanija koje su zainteresovane da se prilagode i da posluju u skladu sa savremenim trendovima proizvodnje.This research is related to the use of organizational and technological concepts in manufacturing companies, highlighting their contribution to the production principles of Industry 4.0. The main purpose of this research is to develop a model for evaluation of organizational and technological concepts in the manufacturing sector from the perspective of Industry 4.0. Consequently, the model was used to determine which organizational and technological concepts are contributing the most to the production principles of Industry 4.0. The developed model could be used in future research, while the results presented in this research could serve for strategic orientation of manufacturers

Establishment of a novel predictive reliability assessment strategy for ship machinery

There is no doubt that recent years, maritime industry is moving forward to novel and sophisticated inspection and maintenance practices. Nowadays maintenance is encountered as an operational method, which can be employed both as a profit generating process and a cost reduction budget centre through an enhanced Operation and Maintenance (O&M) strategy. In the first place, a flexible framework to be applicable on complex system level of machinery can be introduced towards ship maintenance scheduling of systems, subsystems and components.;This holistic inspection and maintenance notion should be implemented by integrating different strategies, methodologies, technologies and tools, suitably selected by fulfilling the requirements of the selected ship systems. In this thesis, an innovative maintenance strategy for ship machinery is proposed, namely the Probabilistic Machinery Reliability Assessment (PMRA) strategy focusing towards the reliability and safety enhancement of main systems, subsystems and maintainable units and components.;In this respect, the combination of a data mining method (k-means), the manufacturer safety aspects, the dynamic state modelling (Markov Chains), the probabilistic predictive reliability assessment (Bayesian Belief Networks) and the qualitative decision making (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) is employed encompassing the benefits of qualitative and quantitative reliability assessment. PMRA has been clearly demonstrated in two case studies applied on offshore platform oil and gas and selected ship machinery.;The results are used to identify the most unreliability systems, subsystems and components, while advising suitable practical inspection and maintenance activities. The proposed PMRA strategy is also tested in a flexible sensitivity analysis scheme.There is no doubt that recent years, maritime industry is moving forward to novel and sophisticated inspection and maintenance practices. Nowadays maintenance is encountered as an operational method, which can be employed both as a profit generating process and a cost reduction budget centre through an enhanced Operation and Maintenance (O&M) strategy. In the first place, a flexible framework to be applicable on complex system level of machinery can be introduced towards ship maintenance scheduling of systems, subsystems and components.;This holistic inspection and maintenance notion should be implemented by integrating different strategies, methodologies, technologies and tools, suitably selected by fulfilling the requirements of the selected ship systems. In this thesis, an innovative maintenance strategy for ship machinery is proposed, namely the Probabilistic Machinery Reliability Assessment (PMRA) strategy focusing towards the reliability and safety enhancement of main systems, subsystems and maintainable units and components.;In this respect, the combination of a data mining method (k-means), the manufacturer safety aspects, the dynamic state modelling (Markov Chains), the probabilistic predictive reliability assessment (Bayesian Belief Networks) and the qualitative decision making (Failure Modes and Effects Analysis) is employed encompassing the benefits of qualitative and quantitative reliability assessment. PMRA has been clearly demonstrated in two case studies applied on offshore platform oil and gas and selected ship machinery.;The results are used to identify the most unreliability systems, subsystems and components, while advising suitable practical inspection and maintenance activities. The proposed PMRA strategy is also tested in a flexible sensitivity analysis scheme

APPLICATION OF FORMAL SAFETY ASSESSMENT FOR DRY DOCKING EVOLUTION

This research has evaluated the rules, guidelines and regulations related to docking a ship in floating-graving yards. Historical failure data analysis is carried out to identify associated components, equipment and the area of defects related to ship docking evolution problems. The current status of ship docking evolution is reviewed and possible sources which cause accidents are recognised. The major problems identified in this research are associated with risk modelling under circumstances where high levels of uncertainty exist. Following the identification of research needs, this work has developed several analytical models for the application of Formal Safety Assessment (FSA). Such models are subsequently demonstrated by their corresponding case studies with regards to application of FSA for ship docking evolution. Firstly, in this research a generic floating-graving docking model is constructed for the purpose of hazard identification and risk estimation. The hazards include various scenarios, identified from literature reviewed as the major contributors to ship docking failures. Then risk estimation is carried out utilising fault tree (FT) – FSA where there is sufficient data. Secondly, with increased lack of data, risk estimation is carried out using FT-Bayesian network (BN) where interdepencies exists amongst identified hazards. This risk estimation method is validated with the appropriate case study identified. Thirdly, fuzzy rule base and evidential reasoning approaches are used for risk estimation in terms of three risk parameters to select the major causes of component failure that can lead to pontoon deck failure in a floating dock. Possible risk control options (RCOs) are introduced, based on their effectiveness, to select the best RCO for minimising the risks. Finally, a cost benefit assessment is conducted to select the best risk control option using BN, where selections are based on economic terms. The four subjective novel FSA application methodologies in ship docking evolution are constructed from existing theoretical techniques and applied to real situations where data collection is otherwise not possible. The construction of the novel methodologies and the case study applications are the major contribution to knowledge in this thesis. It is concluded that the methodologies proposed possess significant potential for the application of FSA for ship docking evolution based on the validations of their corresponding case studies, which may also be applied with domain specification knowledge tailored to facilitate FSA application in other shipping industry sectors