User-centered design of a dynamic-autonomy remote interaction concept for manipulation-capable robots to assist elderly people in the home

In this article, we describe the development of a human-robot interaction concept for service robots to assist elderly people in the home with physical tasks. Our approach is based on the insight that robots are not yet able to handle all tasks autonomously with sufficient reliability in the complex and heterogeneous environments of private homes. We therefore employ remote human operators to assist on tasks a robot cannot handle completely autonomously. Our development methodology was user-centric and iterative, with six user studies carried out at various stages involving a total of 241 participants. The concept is under implementation on the Care-O-bot 3 robotic platform. The main contributions of this article are (1) the results of a survey in form of a ranking of the demands of elderly people and informal caregivers for a range of 25 robot services, (2) the results of an ethnography investigating the suitability of emergency teleassistance and telemedical centers for incorporating robotic teleassistance, and (3) a user-validated human-robot interaction concept with three user roles and corresponding three user interfaces designed as a solution to the problem of engineering reliable service robots for home environments

Immersive Technologies in Virtual Companions: A Systematic Literature Review

The emergence of virtual companions is transforming the evolution of intelligent systems that effortlessly cater to the unique requirements of users. These advanced systems not only take into account the user present capabilities, preferences, and needs but also possess the capability to adapt dynamically to changes in the environment, as well as fluctuations in the users emotional state or behavior. A virtual companion is an intelligent software or application that offers support, assistance, and companionship across various aspects of users lives. Various enabling technologies are involved in building virtual companion, among these, Augmented Reality (AR), and Virtual Reality (VR) are emerging as transformative tools. While their potential for use in virtual companions or digital assistants is promising, their applications in these domains remain relatively unexplored. To address this gap, a systematic review was conducted to investigate the applications of VR, AR, and MR immersive technologies in the development of virtual companions. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar yielded 28 relevant articles out of a pool of 644. The review revealed that immersive technologies, particularly VR and AR, play a significant role in creating digital assistants, offering a wide range of applications that brings various facilities in the individuals life in areas such as addressing social isolation, enhancing cognitive abilities and dementia care, facilitating education, and more. Additionally, AR and MR hold potential for enhancing Quality of life (QoL) within the context of virtual companion technology. The findings of this review provide a valuable foundation for further research in this evolving field

Utilizing social media as an assistive technology tool for children with autism spectrum disorder

The number of children diagnosed with autism has continued to rise since 2000 at startling rates, leading to an increased need for schools to discover innovative ways to meet the unique learning needs of these students. Technology has proven to be adaptable and successful in teaching social skills to children with autism. Assistive technology and the continuing development of online platforms offer unique opportunities for children with special needs to access the general education curriculum. This combined with the increased usage of social media among school-aged children, make it a potential tool for learning. Understanding how social media can be used as a learning tool for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) students is crucial in order to meet the needs of the growing ASD students in classrooms. This exploratory qualitative study examined the necessary considerations for schools when implementing social media as a learning tool in the classroom. Eight experts from the special education field were interviewed to gain knowledge from their experience working with students with autism in the classroom setting. These eight professionals were composed of special education teachers, school psychologists, assistive technology specialists, and Board Certified Behavior Analysts. Themes discussed by the experts focused on considerations for students, staff, budgets, safety, training, and technology. Thematic analysis resulted in four study conclusions. First, rapidly changing learning environments, especially during the pandemic, are forcing schools to innovate with virtual instructional tools. Second, lack of knowledge, training, and known practices impede integration of social media as an instructional tool. Third, there are increased safety risks for children with ASD with using social media as a learning tool and fourth, the adoption of social media as a learning tool needs stakeholder buy-in. Specific recommendations for schools include formally integrating technology into their learning programs, establishing best practices for teachers to use for implementation, formulating digital safety measures for students, and collaborating with parents to ensure beneficial utilization. Additional research around the safety of social media use for the autism population, adoption strategies for new and ever-changing technology in the classroom, technology use for the ASD population, and gathering of student and parent perspectives is recommended

Employing Information and Communications Technologies in Homes and Cities for the Health and Well-Being of Older People

YesHe X and Sheriff RE (Eds.) Employing ICT in Homes and Cities for the Health and Well-Being of Older People. Workshop Proceedings of ICT4HOP’16. 15-17 Aug 2016. Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.British Council, Researcher Links, Newton Fund, NSF

LEGaTO: first steps towards energy-efficient toolset for heterogeneous computing

LEGaTO is a three-year EU H2020 project which started in December 2017. The LEGaTO project will leverage task-based programming models to provide a software ecosystem for Made-in-Europe heterogeneous hardware composed of CPUs, GPUs, FPGAs and dataflow engines. The aim is to attain one order of magnitude energy savings from the edge to the converged cloud/HPC.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Leveling the Playing Field: Attracting, Engaging, and Advancing People with Disabilities

People with disabilities experience significant challenges in finding employment. The participation of people with disabilities in the workforce and their median income are both less than half that of the civilian workforce. They work part time 68 percent more frequently than people without disabilities. These disheartening results persist despite the enactment of significant federal legislation aimed at making the workplace more supportive and accessible to people with disabilities. The Conference Board Research Working Group (RWG) on Improving Employment Outcomes for People with Disabilities was convened to address how to overcome these disparities. It was sponsored by the Employment and Disability Institute at Cornell University, under a grant from the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research of the U.S. Department of Education. The RWG members focused on four questions: 1) The business case: Is it advantageous for organizations to employ people with disabilities? 2) Organizational readiness: What should organizations do to create a workplace that enables people with disabilities to thrive and advance? 3) Measurement: How can success for both people with disabilities and the organization itself be determined? 4) Self-disclosure: How can people with disabilities, especially those whose disabilities are not obvious, be encouraged to identify themselves so that resources can be directed toward them and outcomes can be measured

Content development for a tool to assess the preparedness of employment environment to welcome people with visual impairment

Le taux de chômage des personnes vivant avec une déficience visuelle (PDV) demeure préoccupant, malgré la mise en place de lois progressistes et d’actions diverses pour favoriser leur emploi. Les PDV éprouvent continuellement des difficultés d'intégration à l'emploi en raison de barrières dans le marché du travail et de l’inaccessibilité des lieux de travail. L'objectif de ce mémoire était de développer le contenu d'un outil de mesure qui pourrait évaluer l’état de préparation des milieux de travail pour accueillir des PDV. L’objectif a été atteint en deux temps. Premièrement, une synthèse de la littérature scientifique a permis de prendre la mesure des connaissances existantes et d’identifier les lacunes dans la recherche sur l'intégration à l'emploi. Deuxièmement, une étude co-créative a exploré les expériences vécues d’employés vivant avec une déficience visuelle et celles d’experts dans la création d’environnement de travail prêt à employer des PDV. Les résultats indiquent que traditionnellement l’approche pour faciliter l'intégration à l'emploi des PDV visait l'identification d’obstacles et de facilitateurs à la réussite professionnelle. Cette approche axée sur l’individu, souhaitait préparer les PDV à l'emploi. Peu de recherches ont été menées sur les efforts déployés par les employeurs et sur l’environnement de travail. Même si le milieu de travail a été identifié comme facteur de réussite et comme barrière dans l'intégration en emploi, aucune approche n'existe pour préparer les employeurs à l'arrivée de PDV. L’atteinte d’une répartition équitable des efforts impliquant tous les déterminants dans la réussite passe inévitablement par la préparation des environnements d'emploi.The unemployment rate among people living with vision impairment (PVI) remains a significant concern, despite the implementation of progressive laws and various actions committed to promoting their employment. PVI continually experience difficulties in employment integration due to labor market barriers and inaccessible workplaces. The objective of this master’s thesis was to develop the content of a tool to access the preparedness of the employment environment to welcome PVI. This objective was accomplished across two phases as presented in this thesis. First, a scoping review synthesized existing knowledge and identified gaps in employment integration research. This knowledge informed the second phase, a co-creation study that explored the experiences of employees with vision impairment and employment domain experts in the creation of a work environment that is prepared to employ PVI. The findings indicate that previous attempts to facilitate the employment integration of PVI focused mainly on identifying barriers and facilitators to employment success. Furthermore, attempts to translate findings into employment integration plans focused on the individual perspective, making PVI employment ready. There has been little research into the efforts made by employers and their environments to achieve sustainable employment. Even though the employment environment was identified to contribute to employment success and lacking in the ability to ensure employment integration, no approach exists to prepare employers for the arrival of PVI. To achieve an equilibrium of effort among all the determinants of employment success, the preparedness of the employment environments must also be explored