Tom Kilburn: A Tale of Five Computers

One of the preeminent figures in the early history of computer design was Tom Kilburn. Over the course of some 30 years, he made significant contributions to the development of five historically significant computers. Although a natural team leader possessed of a somewhat dominating personality, who inspired in those who worked closely with him great loyalty and affection, Kilburn was, on casual acquaintance, a self-contained man who chose his words with care. Tom Kilburn was born August 11, 1921, in West Yorkshire, England. His father, John William Kilburn, was a statistical clerk who rose to become a company secretary.13Tom had a somewhat specialized education at Wheelwright Grammar School having been permitted by his headmaster to study almost nothing else from around the age of 14. It was hardly surprising therefore he emerged from school as something of a mathematical specialist. In 1940, Kilburn went Sidney Sussex College, in Cambridge, with several scholarships. Wartime courses at Cambridge were somewhat truncated and in 1942, Kilburn graduated with First Class Honors in Part I of the Mathematical Tripos and in the preliminary examination for Part II

Aspects of command language portability incorporating a machine-independent filestore concept

A brief summary of job control language development precedes a general discussion of possible improvements in command language practice. The user requirements of a command language are considered with special reference to a machine independent basis. "Primitive" functions are defined from this viewpoint. To meet the proposed objective of portability it is suggested that an appreciation of the user interaction with the computer operating system is necessary. This provides the definition of the user profile model based on the user requirements of a command language. A second model is then developed to represent the structure of the operating system. [Continues.

A Feynman Diagram Analyser DIANA

A C-program DIANA (DIagram ANAlyser) for the automatic Feynman diagram evaluation is presented. It consists of two parts: the analyzer of diagrams and the interpreter of a special text manipulating language. This language is used to create a source code for analytical or numerical evaluations and to keep the control of the process in general.Comment: 20 pages, latex, 3 eps figure

The Use of American and British Lexis in Brunei English

In pronunciation, influenced by American English, a shift in Brunei English can be observed in the increasing use of [r] in tokens such as car and heard particularly among younger speakers whose pronunciation may be influenced by American English. In contrast, older speakers tend to omit the [r] sound in these tokens as their pronunciation may be more influenced by British English. However, it is unclear whether American English has influenced the vocabulary of Brunei English speakers as the education system in Brunei favours British English due to its historical ties with Britain. This paper analyses the use of American and British  lexical items between three age groups: 20 in-service teachers aged between 29 to 35 years old, 20 university undergraduates aged between 19 to 25 years old, and 20 secondary school students who are within the 11 to 15 age range. Each age group has 10 female and 10 male participants and they were asked to name seven objects shown to them on Power point slides. Their responses were recorded and compared between the age groups and between female and male data. The analysis is supplemented with recorded data from interviews with all 60 participants to determine instances of American and British lexical items in casual speech. It was found that there is a higher occurrence of American than British lexical items in all three groups and the interview data supports the findings in the main data. Thus, providing further evidence for the Americanisation of Brunei English and that Brunei English is undergoing change

Auxiliary memory for Apollo guidance computer, volume 1 Final report

Auxiliary core and tape memory for Apollo guidance compute

The Role of Emotional Relational Behaviors on Interpersonal Consumer Service Loyalty

This study seeks to examine factors that enhance the development of interpersonal service relationships between consumers and service employees. It focuses on interpersonal service relationships that are extended in duration, affective or emotionally charged, and intimate in distance (EAI), or those which appear to be boundary open (Price and Arnould 1999 Price et al. 1995a, 1995b). It thus emphasizes relationships that are similar to personal acquaintances and friendships, rather than ones that are non-affective, and consist of little or no emotional content, such as professional relationships and casual acquaintances (Johnson and Selnes 2004 Coulter and Ligas 2004). Based on a review of the literature, five factors, namely, mutual understanding, personalization, authenticity, problem-solving behavior, and specialized treatment, are combined to form a parsimonious group of relational behaviors (RBs) that are expected to promote friendship-like relationships. A conceptual model is portrayed that shows interrelationships between the relational behaviors and relationship outcomes, including service quality, satisfaction, emotional trust, and loyalty (Sirdeshmukh et al. 2002). In order to collect data, this study utilizes a self-report survey and cross-sectional design, within the context of hair care service. Additionally, web-based survey and sampling are utilized. The sample consists of individuals who are members of a professional business organization, whose occupation requires a professional appearance. Thus, they are expected to patronize hair care services. The final study consists of 191 usable surveys primarily from African-American females (65.4 African-American, 80.6 female), who have unique hair care needs. The sample is thus homogeneous with respect to various salon behaviors and demographics. Using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and AMOS software, scales are assessed for unidimensionality, reliability, and validity. Results show, however, that this measurement model is not theoretically supp

Radiation Hard Hybrid Pixel Detectors, and a bbbar Cross Section Measurement at the CMS Experiment

Measurements of heavy flavor quark production at hadron colliders provide a good test of the perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) theory. It is also essential to have a good understanding of the heavy quark production in the search for new physics. Heavy quarks contribute to backgrounds and signals in measurements of higher mass objects, such as the Higgs boson. A key component to each of these measurements is good vertex resolution. In order to ensure reliable operation of the pixel detector, as well as confidence in the results of analyses utilizing it, it is important to study the effects of the radiation on the detector. In the first part of this dissertation, the design of the CMS silicon pixel detector is described. Emphasis is placed on the effects of the high radiation environment on the detector operation. Measurements of the charge collection efficiency, interpixel capacitance, and other properties of the pixel sensors as a function of the radiation damage are presented. In the second part, a measurement of the inclusive bbbar production cross section using the b → μ D0 X, D0 → K π decay chain with data from the CMS experiment at the LHC is presented. The data were recorded with the CMS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (CERN) in 2010 using unprescaled single muon triggers corresponding to a total luminosity of 25 pb-1. The differential cross section is measured for pT(μ D0) > 6 GeV/c and |η| 6 GeV/c and |η| +0.28-0.25(sys.) ± 0.17(B) ± 0.23(L) μb