6,656 research outputs found
Searching for converging research using field to field citations
We define converging research as the emergence of an interdisciplinary research area from fields that did not show interdisciplinary connections before. This paper presents a process to search for converging research using journal subject categories as a proxy for fields and citations to measure interdisciplinary connections, as well as an application of this search. The search consists of two phases: a quantitative phase in which pairs of citing and cited fields are located that show a significant change in number of citations, followed by a qualitative phase in which thematic focus is sought in publications associated with located pairs. Applying this search on publications from the Web of Science published between 1995 and 2005, 38 candidate converging pairs were located, 27 of which showed thematic focus, and 20 also showed a similar focus in the other, reciprocal pair
Tracing technological development trajectories: A genetic knowledge persistence-based main path approach
The aim of this paper is to propose a new method to identify main paths in a
technological domain using patent citations. Previous approaches for using main
path analysis have greatly improved our understanding of actual technological
trajectories but nonetheless have some limitations. They have high potential to
miss some dominant patents from the identified main paths; nonetheless, the
high network complexity of their main paths makes qualitative tracing of
trajectories problematic. The proposed method searches backward and forward
paths from the high-persistence patents which are identified based on a
standard genetic knowledge persistence algorithm. We tested the new method by
applying it to the desalination and the solar photovoltaic domains and compared
the results to output from the same domains using a prior method. The empirical
results show that the proposed method overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks
defining main paths that are almost 10x less complex while containing more of
the relevant important knowledge than the main path networks defined by the
existing method.Comment: 20 pages, 7 figure
A Multi-Relational Network to Support the Scholarly Communication Process
The general pupose of the scholarly communication process is to support the
creation and dissemination of ideas within the scientific community. At a finer
granularity, there exists multiple stages which, when confronted by a member of
the community, have different requirements and therefore different solutions.
In order to take a researcher's idea from an initial inspiration to a community
resource, the scholarly communication infrastructure may be required to 1)
provide a scientist initial seed ideas; 2) form a team of well suited
collaborators; 3) located the most appropriate venue to publish the formalized
idea; 4) determine the most appropriate peers to review the manuscript; and 5)
disseminate the end product to the most interested members of the community.
Through the various delinieations of this process, the requirements of each
stage are tied soley to the multi-functional resources of the community: its
researchers, its journals, and its manuscritps. It is within the collection of
these resources and their inherent relationships that the solutions to
scholarly communication are to be found. This paper describes an associative
network composed of multiple scholarly artifacts that can be used as a medium
for supporting the scholarly communication process.Comment: keywords: digital libraries and scholarly communicatio
Prediction of Emerging Technologies Based on Analysis of the U.S. Patent Citation Network
The network of patents connected by citations is an evolving graph, which
provides a representation of the innovation process. A patent citing another
implies that the cited patent reflects a piece of previously existing knowledge
that the citing patent builds upon. A methodology presented here (i) identifies
actual clusters of patents: i.e. technological branches, and (ii) gives
predictions about the temporal changes of the structure of the clusters. A
predictor, called the {citation vector}, is defined for characterizing
technological development to show how a patent cited by other patents belongs
to various industrial fields. The clustering technique adopted is able to
detect the new emerging recombinations, and predicts emerging new technology
clusters. The predictive ability of our new method is illustrated on the
example of USPTO subcategory 11, Agriculture, Food, Textiles. A cluster of
patents is determined based on citation data up to 1991, which shows
significant overlap of the class 442 formed at the beginning of 1997. These new
tools of predictive analytics could support policy decision making processes in
science and technology, and help formulate recommendations for action
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Searching for life with rovers: exploration methods and science results from the 2004 field campaign of the āLife in the Atacamaā project and applications to future Mars Missions
LITA develops and field tests a long-range automated rover and a science payload to search for microbial life in the Atacama. The Atacama's evolution provides a unique training ground for designing and testing exploration strategies and life detection methods for the search for life on Mars
Electronic Information in School Libraries
Microcomputers have progressed from toys to tools in managing school
libraries. Equipment inventory, circulation, online catalogs, acquisitions,
and serials management/check-in have all been affected. In
addition, high technology has presented new possibilities for educating
young people, and school librarians are faced with a role change as
they rise to meet this challenge.published or submitted for publicatio
Tracing technological development trajectories: A genetic knowledge persistence-based main path approach
The aim of this paper is to propose a new method to identify main paths in a technological domain using patent citations. Previous approaches for using main path analysis have greatly improved our understanding of actual technological trajectories but nonetheless have some limitations. They have high potential to miss some dominant patents from the identified main paths; nonetheless, the high network complexity of their main paths makes qualitative tracing of trajectories problematic. The proposed method searches backward and forward paths from the high-persistence patents which are identified based on a standard genetic knowledge persistence algorithm. We tested the new method by applying it to the desalination and the solar photovoltaic domains and compared the results to output from the same domains using a prior method. The empirical results show that the proposed method can dramatically reduce network complexity without missing any dominantly important patents. The main paths identified by our approach for two test cases are almost 10x less complex than the main paths identified by the existing approach. The proposed approach identifies all dominantly important patents on the main paths, but the main paths identified by the existing approach miss about 20% of dominantly important patents.This work was supported by Hanyang University (Grant number: HY-2016, http://www.hanyang.ac.kr) and Singapore University of Technology and Design (Grant number: 6921538, http://www.sutd.edu.sg).
We would like to thank Hanyang University and SUTD/MIT International Design Center for supporting the research
Convergent flows: humanities scholars and their interactions with electronic texts
This article reports research findings related to converging formats, media, practices, and ideas in the process of academicsā interaction with electronic texts during a research project. The findings are part of the results of a study that explored interactions of scholars in literary and historical studies with electronic texts as primary materials. Electronic texts were perceived by the study participants as fluid entities because the electronic environment promotes seamless interactions with a variety of media and formats. Working with electronic texts combines some traditional information and research practices into new patterns of information behavior. The practice called ānetchainingā combines aspects of networking with information-seeking practices to establish and shape online information chains, which link sources and people. Different forms of exploration of participantsā research questions were enabled by interactions with electronic texts
COVID-19 publications: Database coverage, citations, readers, tweets, news, Facebook walls, Reddit posts
Ā© 2020 The Authors. Published by MIT Press. This is an open access article available under a Creative Commons licence.
The published version can be accessed at the following link on the publisherās website: https://doi.org/10.1162/qss_a_00066The COVID-19 pandemic requires a fast response from researchers to help address biological,
medical and public health issues to minimize its impact. In this rapidly evolving context,
scholars, professionals and the public may need to quickly identify important new studies. In
response, this paper assesses the coverage of scholarly databases and impact indicators
during 21 March to 18 April 2020. The rapidly increasing volume of research, is particularly
accessible through Dimensions, and less through Scopus, the Web of Science, and PubMed.
Google Scholarās results included many false matches. A few COVID-19 papers from the
21,395 in Dimensions were already highly cited, with substantial news and social media
attention. For this topic, in contrast to previous studies, there seems to be a high degree of
convergence between articles shared in the social web and citation counts, at least in the
short term. In particular, articles that are extensively tweeted on the day first indexed are
likely to be highly read and relatively highly cited three weeks later. Researchers needing wide
scope literature searches (rather than health focused PubMed or medRxiv searches) should
start with Dimensions (or Google Scholar) and can use tweet and Mendeley reader counts as
indicators of likely importance
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