Sea surface temperature changes in the southern California borderlands during the last glacial-interglacial cycle

A variety of evidence suggests that average sea surface temperatures (SSTs) during the last glacial maximum in the California Borderlands region were significantly colder than during the Holocene. Planktonic foraminiferal δ18O evidence and average SST estimates derived by the modern analog technique indicate that temperatures were 6°-10°C cooler during the last glacial relative to the present. The glacial plankton assemblage is dominated by the planktonic foraminifer Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral coiling) and the coccolith Coccolithus pelagicus, both of which are currently restricted to subpolar regions of the North Pacific. The glacial-interglacial average SST change determined in this study is considerably larger than the 2°C change estimated by Climate: Long-Range Investigation, Mapping, and Prediction (CLIMAP) [1981]. We propose that a strengthened California Current flow was associated with the advance of subpolar surface waters into the Borderlands region during the last glacial

Differentiation and Performance: An Empirical Investigation on the Incentive Effects of Bonus Plans

It is often claimed that supervisors do not differentiate enough between high and low performing employees when evaluating performance. The purpose of this paper is to study the incentive effects of this behavior empirically. We first show in a simple model that the perceived degree of past differentiation affects future incentives. We then study the impact of differentiation empirically with a large panel data set spanning many firms in one industry. On average, stronger differentiation has a substantial positive effect on performance. This effect is larger on higher hierarchical levels. But differentiation may become harmful at the lowest levels.bonus payments, differentiation, subjective performance evaluation, incentives

Mechanochemical activation of zinc and application to Negishi cross-coupling

A form independent activation of zinc, concomitant generation of organozinc species and engagement in a Negishi cross‐coupling reaction via mechanochemical methods is reported. The reported method exhibits a broad substrate scope for both C(sp3)–C(sp2) and C(sp2)–C(sp2) couplings and is tolerant to many important functional groups. The method may offer broad reaching opportunities for the in situ generation organometallic compounds from base metals and their concomitant engagement in synthetic reactions via mechanochemical methods

Languages and models for hybrid automata: A coalgebraic perspective

article in pressWe study hybrid automata from a coalgebraic point of view. We show that such a perspective supports a generic theory of hybrid automata with a rich palette of definitions and results. This includes, among other things, notions of bisimulation and behaviour, state minimisation techniques, and regular expression languages.POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016692. RDF — European Regional Development Fund through the Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation — COMPETE 2020 Programme and by National Funds through the Portuguese funding agency, FCT — Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia within project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-016692 and by the PT-FLAD Chair on Smart Cities & Smart Governance at Universidade do Minh

The Lowdown on Getting High in Brazil: The Evolution of Brazilian Drug Law

En el marco del Proyecto de Inversión IDEP (2016 -2020), denominado “Investigación e innovación para el fortalecimiento de las comunidades de saber y de práctica pedagógica”, el siguiente artículo presenta los resultados preliminares del estudio de caracterización de experiencias de innovación educativa vigentes en Bogotá, el cual se desarrolló durante el último trimestre de 2016. Dichos resultados se obtuvieron a partir del trabajo adelantado con las Direcciones Locales de Educación –DILE y con algunos docentes que participaron en el estudio, desde un proceso reflexivo que permitió identificar la importancia de la innovación en los escenarios educativos y las prácticas docentes.In the context of IDEP investment Project (2016-2020) “Research and innovation for knowledge communities and pedagogical intervention enhancement”, the article reveals the preliminary results of the inquiry about characterization of current experiences in the educational innovation in Bogota, developed during the last trimester of 2016. These results were obtained from the work carried out with the involvement of regional education management departments (Direcciones Locales de Educación - DILE) and some teachers who took part in the study. This lead a thinking process about the importance of educational procedures innovation, not only in the institutions, but also in the teaching performance

Development of a Gd Loaded Liquid Scintillator for Electron Anti-Neutrino Spectroscopy

We report on the development and deployment of 11.3 tons of 0.1% Gd loaded liquid scintillator used in the Palo Verde reactor neutrino oscillation experiment. We discuss the chemical composition, properties, and stability of the scintillator elaborating on the details of the scintillator preparation crucial for obtaining a good scintillator quality and stability.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figures, submitted to NIM

Discussion of "Water Distribution System Analysis: Newton-Raphson Method Revisited" by M. Spiliotis and G. Tsakiris

No abstract availabl