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Screening and Merger Activity
In our paper targets, by setting a reserve price, screen acquirers on their (expected) ability to generate merger-speci?c synergies. Both empirical evidence and many common merger models suggest that the di?erence between high- and low-synergy mergers becomes smaller during booms. This implies that the target’s opportunity cost for sorting out relatively less ?tting acquirers increases and, hence, targets screen less tightly during booms, which leads to a hike in merger activity. Our screening mechanism not only predicts that merger activity is intense during economic booms and subdued during recessions but is also consistent with other stylized facts about takeovers and generates novel testable predictions
Worst-Case Efficient Sorting with QuickMergesort
The two most prominent solutions for the sorting problem are Quicksort and
Mergesort. While Quicksort is very fast on average, Mergesort additionally
gives worst-case guarantees, but needs extra space for a linear number of
elements. Worst-case efficient in-place sorting, however, remains a challenge:
the standard solution, Heapsort, suffers from a bad cache behavior and is also
not overly fast for in-cache instances.
In this work we present median-of-medians QuickMergesort (MoMQuickMergesort),
a new variant of QuickMergesort, which combines Quicksort with Mergesort
allowing the latter to be implemented in place. Our new variant applies the
median-of-medians algorithm for selecting pivots in order to circumvent the
quadratic worst case. Indeed, we show that it uses at most
comparisons for large enough.
We experimentally confirm the theoretical estimates and show that the new
algorithm outperforms Heapsort by far and is only around 10% slower than
Introsort (std::sort implementation of stdlibc++), which has a rather poor
guarantee for the worst case. We also simulate the worst case, which is only
around 10% slower than the average case. In particular, the new algorithm is a
natural candidate to replace Heapsort as a worst-case stopper in Introsort
Merger Policy and Tax Competition
In many situations governments have sector-specific tax and regulation policies at their disposal to influence the market outcome after a national or an international merger has taken place. In this paper we study the implications for merger policy when countries non-cooperatively deploy
production-based taxes. We find that whether national or international mergers are more likely to be enacted in the presence of nationally optimal tax policies depends crucially on the ownership structure of firms. When all
firms are owned domestically in the pre-merger situation, non-cooperative tax policies are more efficient in the national merger case and smaller synergy effects are needed for this type of merger to be proposed and cleared. These results are reversed when there is a high degree of foreign
firm ownership prior to the merger
The impact of cluster mergers on arc statistics
We study the impact of merger events on the strong lensing properties of
galaxy clusters. Previous lensing simulations were not able to resolve
dynamical time scales of cluster lenses, which arise on time scales which are
of order a Gyr. In this case study, we first describe qualitatively with an
analytic model how some of the lensing properties of clusters are expected to
change during merging events. We then analyse a numerically simulated lens
model for the variation in its efficiency for producing both tangential and
radial arcs while a massive substructure falls onto the main cluster body. We
find that: (1) during the merger, the shape of the critical lines and caustics
changes substantially; (2) the lensing cross sections for long and thin arcs
can grow by one order of magnitude and reach their maxima when the extent of
the critical curves is largest; (3) the cross section for radial arcs also
grows, but the cluster can efficiently produce this kind of arcs only while the
merging substructure crosses the main cluster centre; (4) while the arc cross
sections pass through their maxima as the merger proceeds, the cluster's X-ray
emission increases by a factor of . Thus, we conclude that accounting
for these dynamical processes is very important for arc statistics studies. In
particular, they may provide a possible explanation for the arc statistics
problem.Comment: 16 pages, submitted to MNRAS, revised version after referee'
Comments. Gzipped file including full resolution images can be downloaded at
http://dipastro.pd.astro.it/~cosmo/massimo/high-res-images.tar.g
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