Modeling and Implementation of Wireless Sensor Networks for Logistics Applications

Logistics has experienced a long time of developments and improvements based on the advanced vehicle technologies, transportation systems, traffic network extension and logistics processes. In the last decades, the complexity has increased significantly and this has created complex logistics networks over multiple continents. Because of the close cooperation, these logistics networks are highly dependent on each other in sharing and processing the logistics information. Every customer has many suppliers and vice versa. The conventional centralized control continues but reaches some limitations such as the different distribution of suppliers, the complexity and flexibility of processing orders or the dynamics of the logistic objects. In order to overcome these disadvantages, the paradigm of autonomous logistics is proposed and promises a better technical solution for current logistics systems. In autonomous logistics, the decision making is shifted toward the logistic objects which are defined as material items (e.g., vehicles, containers) or immaterial items (e.g., customer orders) of a networked logistics system. These objects have the ability to interact with each other and make decisions according to their own objectives. In the technical aspect, with the rapid development of innovative sensor technology, namely Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), each element in the network can self-organize and interact with other elements for information transmission. The attachment of an electronic sensor element into a logistic object will create an autonomous environment in both the communication and the logistic domain. With this idea, the requirements of logistics can be fulfilled; for example, the monitoring data can be precise, comprehensive and timely. In addition, the goods flow management can be transferred to the information logistic object management, which is easier by the help of information technologies. However, in order to transmit information between these logistic objects, one requirement is that a routing protocol is necessary. The Opportunistic relative Distance-Enabled Uni-cast Routing (ODEUR ) protocol which is proposed and investigated in this thesis shows that it can be used in autonomous environments like autonomous logistics. Moreover, the support of mobility, multiple sinks and auto-connection in this protocol enhances the dynamics of logistic objects. With a general model which covers a range from low-level issues to high-level protocols, many services such as real time monitoring of environmental conditions, context-aware applications and localization make the logistic objects (embedded with sensor equipment) more advanced in information communication and data processing. The distributed management service in each sensor node allows the flexible configuration of logistic items at any time during the transportation. All of these integrated features introduce a new technical solution for smart logistic items and intelligent transportation systems. In parallel, a management system, WSN data Collection and Management System (WiSeCoMaSys), is designed to interact with the deployed Wireless Sensor Networks. This tool allows the user to easily manipulate the sensor networks remotely. With its rich set of features such as real time data monitoring, data analysis and visualization, per-node management, and alerts, this tool helps both developers and users in the design and deployment of a sensor network. In addition, an analytical model is developed for comparison with the results from simulations and experiments. Focusing on the use of probability theory to model the network links, this model considers several important factors such as packet reception rate and network traffic which are used in the simulation and experiment parts. Moreover, the comparison between simulation, experiment and analytical results is also carried out to estimate the accuracy of the design and make several improvements of the simulation accuracy. Finally, all of the above parts are integrated in one unique system. This system is verified by both simulations in logistic scenarios (e.g., harbors, warehouses and containers) and experiments. The results show that the proposed model and protocol have a good packet delivery rate, little memory requirements and low delay. Accordingly, this system design is practical and applicable in logistics

HUC-HISF: A Hybrid Intelligent Security Framework for Human-centric Ubiquitous Computing

制度:新 ; 報告番号:乙2336号 ; 学位の種類:博士(人間科学) ; 授与年月日:2012/1/18 ; 早大学位記番号:新584

Recolha de dados em veículos conectados para aplicações de segurança rodoviária

The increasing growth of the automobile industry and the need of overusing personal vehicles amplifies problems directly related to road safety, such as the degradation of the quality of the roads, the increase in volume of the automobile flow, and through the addition of dangerous weather events caused by climate change. To alleviate these emerging problems, intelligent cooperative communication systems (C-ITS) and Internet of Things (IoT) solutions emerge, allowing the overcome of human and local sensory systems limitations through the collection and distribution of relevant data in connected vehicles, which is fundamental in finding solutions that transform the concept of Smart Cities into reality. This dissertation implements an intra- and inter-vehicle sensory data collection system, starting with the acquisition of relevant data present on the CAN bus, collected through the vehicle’s OBD-II port and external sensors. Use is made of short-range communications such as Bluetooth-Low-Energy (BLE), Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) in conjunction with long-range cellular communications (LTE/5G). Data access endpoints are provided through an API and a MQTT broker. At last, logging methods are developed to allow conscious debugging of these systems, as well as to evaluate timing restrictions. The results of the experimental tests carried out reveal the usefulness of the acquired data, which allows the realization of detailed longitudinal analyzes of dangerous roads, as well as notifying, in near real-time, adverse road conditions to drivers. Therefore, the data collection system developed reveals itself as a potentially valuable tool for providing useful information both to competent authorities and to the common population, as a method to improve road safety.O constante crescimento da indústria automóvel e a necessidade do sobreuso do veículo pessoal amplificam problemas diretamente relacionados com a segurança rodoviária, tais como a degradação da qualidade das estradas, o aumento do volume de fluxo automóvel e o acréscimo de eventos metereológicos perigosos causados pelas alterações climáticas. Como forma de atenuar estes problemas emergentes, surgem os sistemas inteligentes de comunicação cooperativos (C-ITS) e de internet das coisas (IoT), que permitem ultrapassar limitações humanas e de sistemas sensoriais locais através da recolha e distribuição de dados em veículos conectados, algo fundamental para encontrar soluções que transformem o conceito de Smart City em realidade. A presente dissertação implementa um sistema de recolha de dados sensoriais intra- e inter-veículares, começando pela aquisição de dados relavantes presentes no barramento CAN, coletados através da porta OBD-II do veículo e de sensores externos. É feito uso de comunicações de curto alcance tais como Bluetooth-Low-Energy (BLE), Veículo-a-Veículo (V2V), e Veículo-a-Infrastrutura (V2I) em conjunto com comunicações celulares de longo alcance (LTE/5G). São fornecido endpoints de acesso aos dados através duma API e de um broker MQTT. Por fim métodos de logging são desenvolvidos para permitir depuração consciente destes sistemas e avalição de requisitos temporais. Os resultados dos testes experimentais efetuados revelam a utilidade forte que os dados adquiridos contém, por permitirem a realização de análises longitudinais detalhadas a estradas de perigo, assim como para fornecimento, em quase tempo-real, de condições adversas da estrada a condutores. Deste modo, o sistema de recolha de dados desenvolvido revela-se como ferramenta potencialmente valiosa para o fornecimento de informação útil tanto a autoridades competentes como à população comum, como meio de melhoria da segurança rodoviária.Mestrado em Engenharia de Computadores e Telemátic

Authentication and privacy in mobile web services

This thesis looks at the issue of authentication and privacy in mobile Web services. The work in this thesis builds on GSM and UMTS security framework to develop security protocols for mobile Web services environment. The thesis initially highlights some core principles of designing security protocols in such environment. The next two chapters look at the core technologies and building blocks in Web services systems and the core security features in mobile networks mainly GSM and UMTS. Registration and authentication were identified as security issues in federated systems. Proposed solutions were developed utilizing XML security mechanisms with SIM card security in GSM environment to address these issues. Also a novel system was proposed in which it is possible for a mobile user to securely authenticate and have full anonymity as far as the service providers are concerned; however it is possible for a trusted authority to reveal the identity of the user if he or she is suspected of illegal activities. The next section analyze in detail the Generic Authentication Architecture from 3GPP. Combining SAML with the Generic Authentication Architecture, we propose a novel "generic mobile Web service platform" for M-Commerce. Various solutions have been proposed to address privacy concern in distributed networks; the Platform for Privacy Preferences is one of the popular proposal, though it has many desirable features, it is not easy to enforce it. We argue that this limitation can be managed in federated system such as the Liberty Alliance framework. In the final chapter we make the case for using timestamp based authentication protocol in mobile Web service on the ground of efficiency gain

Conception Assistée des Logiciels Sécurisés pour les Systèmes Embarqués

A vast majority of distributed embedded systems is concerned by security risks. The fact that applications may result poorly protected is partially due to methodological lacks in the engineering development process. More specifically, methodologies targeting formal verification may lack support to certain phases of the development process. Particularly, system modeling frameworks may be complex-to-use or not address security at all. Along with that, testing is not usually addressed by verification methodologies since formal verification and testing are considered as exclusive stages. Nevertheless, we believe that platform testing can be applied to ensure that properties formally verified in a model are truly endowed to the real system. Our contribution is made in the scope of a model-driven based methodology that, in particular, targets secure-by-design embedded systems. The methodology is an iterative process that pursues coverage of several engineering development phases and that relies upon existing security analysis techniques. Still in evolution, the methodology is mainly defined via a high level SysML profile named Avatar. The contribution specifically consists on extending Avatar so as to model security concerns and in formally defining a model transformation towards a verification framework. This contribution allows to conduct proofs on authenticity and confidentiality. We illustrate how a cryptographic protocol is partially secured by applying several methodology stages. In addition, it is described how Security Testing was conducted on an embedded prototype platform within the scope of an automotive project.Une vaste majorité de systèmes embarqués distribués sont concernés par des risques de sécurité. Le fait que les applications peuvent être mal protégées est partiellement à cause des manques méthodologiques dans le processus d’ingénierie de développement. Particulièrement, les méthodologies qui ciblent la vérification formelle peuvent manquer de support pour certaines étapes du processus de développement SW. Notamment, les cadres de modélisation peuvent être complexes à utiliser ou ne pas adresser la sécurité du tout. Avec cela, l’étape de tests n’est pas normalement abordée par les méthodologies de vérification formelle. Néanmoins, nous croyons que faire des tests sur la plateforme peut aider à assurer que les propriétés vérifiées dans le modèle sont véritablement préservées par le système embarqué. Notre contribution est faite dans le cadre d’une méthodologie nommée Avatar qui est basée sur les modèles et vise la sécurité dès la conception du système. La méthodologie est un processus itératif qui poursuit la couverture de plusieurs étapes du développement SW et qui s’appuie sur plusieurs techniques d’analyse de sécurité. La méthodologie compte avec un cadre de modélisation SysML. Notre contribution consiste notamment à étendre le cadre de modélisation Avatar afin d’aborder les aspects de sécurité et aussi à définir une transformation du modèle Avatar vers un cadre de vérification formel. Cette contribution permet d’effectuer preuves d’authenticité et confidentialité. Nous montrons comment un protocole cryptographique est partiellement sécurisé. Aussi, il est décrit comment les tests de sécurité ont été menés sur un prototype dans le cadre d’un projet véhiculaire

From Social Data Mining to Forecasting Socio-Economic Crisis

Socio-economic data mining has a great potential in terms of gaining a better understanding of problems that our economy and society are facing, such as financial instability, shortages of resources, or conflicts. Without large-scale data mining, progress in these areas seems hard or impossible. Therefore, a suitable, distributed data mining infrastructure and research centers should be built in Europe. It also appears appropriate to build a network of Crisis Observatories. They can be imagined as laboratories devoted to the gathering and processing of enormous volumes of data on both natural systems such as the Earth and its ecosystem, as well as on human techno-socio-economic systems, so as to gain early warnings of impending events. Reality mining provides the chance to adapt more quickly and more accurately to changing situations. Further opportunities arise by individually customized services, which however should be provided in a privacy-respecting way. This requires the development of novel ICT (such as a self- organizing Web), but most likely new legal regulations and suitable institutions as well. As long as such regulations are lacking on a world-wide scale, it is in the public interest that scientists explore what can be done with the huge data available. Big data do have the potential to change or even threaten democratic societies. The same applies to sudden and large-scale failures of ICT systems. Therefore, dealing with data must be done with a large degree of responsibility and care. Self-interests of individuals, companies or institutions have limits, where the public interest is affected, and public interest is not a sufficient justification to violate human rights of individuals. Privacy is a high good, as confidentiality is, and damaging it would have serious side effects for society.Comment: 65 pages, 1 figure, Visioneer White Paper, see http://www.visioneer.ethz.c

Near Field Communication: From theory to practice

This book provides the technical essentials, state-of-the-art knowledge, business ecosystem and standards of Near Field Communication (NFC)by NFC Lab - Istanbul research centre which conducts intense research on NFC technology. In this book, the authors present the contemporary research on all aspects of NFC, addressing related security aspects as well as information on various business models. In addition, the book provides comprehensive information a designer needs to design an NFC project, an analyzer needs to analyze requirements of a new NFC based system, and a programmer needs to implement an application. Furthermore, the authors introduce the technical and administrative issues related to NFC technology, standards, and global stakeholders. It also offers comprehensive information as well as use case studies for each NFC operating mode to give the usage idea behind each operating mode thoroughly. Examples of NFC application development are provided using Java technology, and security considerations are discussed in detail. Key Features: Offers a complete understanding of the NFC technology, including standards, technical essentials, operating modes, application development with Java, security and privacy, business ecosystem analysis Provides analysis, design as well as development guidance for professionals from administrative and technical perspectives Discusses methods, techniques and modelling support including UML are demonstrated with real cases Contains case studies such as payment, ticketing, social networking and remote shopping This book will be an invaluable guide for business and ecosystem analysts, project managers, mobile commerce consultants, system and application developers, mobile developers and practitioners. It will also be of interest to researchers, software engineers, computer scientists, information technology specialists including students and graduates.Publisher's Versio

Seamless Communication for Crises Management

SECRICOM is proposed as a collaborative research project aiming at development of a reference security platform for EU crisis management operations with two essential ambitions: (A) Solve or mitigate problems of contemporary crisis communication infrastructures (Tetra, GSM, Citizen Band, IP) such as poor interoperability of specialized communication means, vulnerability against tapping and misuse, lack of possibilities to recover from failures, inability to use alternative data carrier and high deployment and operational costs. (B) Add new smart functions to existing services which will make the communication more effective and helpful for users. Smart functions will be provided by distributed IT systems based on an agents’ infrastructure. Achieving these two project ambitions will allow creating a pervasive and trusted communication infrastructure fulfilling requirements of crisis management users and ready for immediate application