Introduction to Enterprise Architecture and Business Processes Analysis Minitrack

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Trying to break new ground in aerial archaeology

Aerial reconnaissance continues to be a vital tool for landscape-oriented archaeological research. Although a variety of remote sensing platforms operate within the earth’s atmosphere, the majority of aerial archaeological information is still derived from oblique photographs collected during observer-directed reconnaissance flights, a prospection approach which has dominated archaeological aerial survey for the past century. The resulting highly biased imagery is generally catalogued in sub-optimal (spatial) databases, if at all, after which a small selection of images is orthorectified and interpreted. For decades, this has been the standard approach. Although many innovations, including digital cameras, inertial units, photogrammetry and computer vision algorithms, geographic(al) information systems and computing power have emerged, their potential has not yet been fully exploited in order to re-invent and highly optimise this crucial branch of landscape archaeology. The authors argue that a fundamental change is needed to transform the way aerial archaeologists approach data acquisition and image processing. By addressing the very core concepts of geographically biased aerial archaeological photographs and proposing new imaging technologies, data handling methods and processing procedures, this paper gives a personal opinion on how the methodological components of aerial archaeology, and specifically aerial archaeological photography, should evolve during the next decade if developing a more reliable record of our past is to be our central aim. In this paper, a possible practical solution is illustrated by outlining a turnkey aerial prospection system for total coverage survey together with a semi-automated back-end pipeline that takes care of photograph correction and image enhancement as well as the management and interpretative mapping of the resulting data products. In this way, the proposed system addresses one of many bias issues in archaeological research: the bias we impart to the visual record as a result of selective coverage. While the total coverage approach outlined here may not altogether eliminate survey bias, it can vastly increase the amount of useful information captured during a single reconnaissance flight while mitigating the discriminating effects of observer-based, on-the-fly target selection. Furthermore, the information contained in this paper should make it clear that with current technology it is feasible to do so. This can radically alter the basis for aerial prospection and move landscape archaeology forward, beyond the inherently biased patterns that are currently created by airborne archaeological prospection

Improved Presentation and Facade Layer Operations for Software Engineering Projects

Nowadays, one of the most challenging situations for software developers is the presence of a mismatch between relational database systems and programming codes. In the literature, this problem is defined as "impedance mismatch". This study is to develop a framework built on innovations based on the existing Object Relational Mapping technique to solve these problems. In the study, users can perform operations for three different database systems such as MsSQL, MySql and Oracle. In addition, these operations can be done within the framework of C# and Java programming languages. In this framework, while the developers can define database tables in the interface automatically, they can create relations between tables by defining a foreign key. When the system performs these operations, it creates tables, views, and stored procedures automatically. In addition, entity classes in C# and Java for tables and views, and operation classes for stored procedures are created automatically. The summary of the transactions can be taken as pdf file by the framework. In addition, the project can automatically create Windows Communication Foundation classes to facilitate the handling of database elements created and the interfacing operations, as well. This framework, which supports distributed systems, can be downloaded at this link

Participation technologies: a framework for the development of an online interactive GIS application

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are generally implemented in a top-down manner and do not inherently support public participation. It is believed that when these GIS applications are supported with collaboration and decision-aid tools this gap can be reduced. This study explores the participatory tools and technologies that support spatial decision making. A step by step process is proposed to guide the selection of participation tools and technologies in different scenarios. An online application prototype is then developed with the tools suggested by the step by step process to support public participation in the Ames Urban Fringe Plan in Story County, Iowa. The application is evaluated for its effectiveness based on the survey feedback received from the participants and interview responses. Opportunities, challenges and future recommendations are presented

Digital Learning in the Wild: Re-Imagining New Ruralism, Digital Equity, and Deficit Discourses through the Thirdspace

abstract: Digital media is becoming increasingly important to learning in today’s changing times. At the same time, digital technologies and related digital skills are unevenly distributed. Further, deficit-based notions of this digital divide define the public’s educational paradigm. Against this backdrop, I forayed into the social reality of one rural Americana to examine digital learning in the wild. The larger purpose of this dissertation was to spatialize understandings of rural life and pervasive social ills therein, in order to rethink digital equity, such that we dismantle deficit thinking, problematize new ruralism, and re-imagine more just rural geographies. Under a Thirdspace understanding of space as dynamic, relational, and agentive (Soja, 1996), I examined how digital learning is caught up spatially to position the rural struggle over geography amid the ‘Right to the City’ rhetoric (Lefebvre, 1968). In response to this limiting and urban-centric rhetoric, I contest digital inequity as a spatial issue of justice in rural areas. After exploring how digital learning opportunities are distributed at state and local levels, I geo-ethnographically explored digital use to story how families across socio-economic spaces were utilizing digital tools. Last, because ineffective and deficit-based models of understanding erupt from blaming the oppressed for their own self-made oppression, or framing problems (e.g., digital inequity) as solely human-centered, I drew in posthumanist Latourian (2005) social cartographies of Thirdspace. From this, I re-imagined educational equity within rural space to recast digital equity not in terms of the “haves and have nots” but as an account of mutually transformative socio-technical agency. Last, I pay the price of criticism by suggesting possible actions and solutions to the social ills denounced throughout this dissertation.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation Learning, Literacies and Technologies 201

Culture in international business research: a bibliometric study in four top IB journals

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to conduct a study on the articles published in the four top international business (IB) journals to examine how four cultural models and concepts – Hofstede’s (1980), Hall’s (1976), Trompenaars’s (1993) and Project GLOBE’s (House et al., 2004) – have been used in the extant published IB research. National cultures and cultural differences provide a crucial component of the context of IB research. Design/methodology – This is a bibliometric study on the articles published in four IB journals over the period from 1976 to 2010, examining a sample of 517 articles using citations and co-citation matrices. Findings – Examining this sample revealed interesting patterns of the connections across the studies. Hofstede’s (1980) and House et al.’s (2004) research on the cultural dimensions are the most cited and hold ties to a large variety of IB research. These findings point to a number of research avenues to deepen the understanding on how firms may handle different national cultures in the geographies they operate. Research limitations – Two main limitations are faced, one associated to the bibliometric method, citations and co-citations analyses and other to the delimitation of our sample to only four IB journals, albeit top-ranked. Originality/value – The paper focuses on the main cultural models used in IB research permitting to better understand how culture has been used in IB research, over an extended period.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Engineering Agile Big-Data Systems

To be effective, data-intensive systems require extensive ongoing customisation to reflect changing user requirements, organisational policies, and the structure and interpretation of the data they hold. Manual customisation is expensive, time-consuming, and error-prone. In large complex systems, the value of the data can be such that exhaustive testing is necessary before any new feature can be added to the existing design. In most cases, the precise details of requirements, policies and data will change during the lifetime of the system, forcing a choice between expensive modification and continued operation with an inefficient design.Engineering Agile Big-Data Systems outlines an approach to dealing with these problems in software and data engineering, describing a methodology for aligning these processes throughout product lifecycles. It discusses tools which can be used to achieve these goals, and, in a number of case studies, shows how the tools and methodology have been used to improve a variety of academic and business systems

Chapter 13 Translation in literary magazines

Translation history and literary translation, on the one hand, and periodical publications, on the other, have been extensively analysed within the fields of translation studies, comparative literature, and media studies, with numerous conferences and publications taking literary translation and the periodical as objects of enquiry. However, the relationship between both fields still remains underexplored and nationalistic approaches and disciplinary boundaries have precluded the development of further conceptual and methodological insights regarding literary translation and the media. This chapter highlights the innovative theoretical and methodological issues intrinsic to analysing literary translation in periodical publications at both small and large scales, whether using or not digital tools, and sheds light on its qualitative implications for research. To do so, we briefly present a case study related to the Spanish-speaking world’s literary journals at the beginning of the twentieth century

Coordination of actors and relational resources in innovation ecosystems

As economias mais bem sucedidas de hoje não são mais aquelas baseadas em bens, mas sim em ideias e conhecimento. Portanto, a inovação torna-se de suma importância para o desenvolvimento regional e local. Os ecossistemas de inovação (EIs) se destacam como ambientes com o objetivo de promover a inovação nas empresas, cidades e regiões. Esses EIs passam por diferentes estágios em seu ciclo de vida e devem adotar estratégias de coordenação dos atores e recursos interdependentes e interrelacionados que os compõem, de modo a serem bem sucedidos. Assim, os EIs podem ser analisados por meio da Visão Baseada em Recursos (VBR). A VBR destaca os recursos valiosos, raros, difíceis de imitar e difíceis de substituir (VRIN), bem como sua organização (O) para a obtenção de vantagem competitiva sustentável (Barney, 1991; 1995). Um dos principais desenvolvimentos da VBR é a Visão Relacional, a qual argumenta que a vantagem competitiva sustentável pode resultar de relações entre uma rede de atores e considera os benefícios gerados conjuntamente e de propriedade de atores parceiros (Dyer e Singh, 1998; Lavie, 2006). Na Visão Relacional, a criação de valor depende de quatro determinantes: recursos e capacidades complementares; ativos específicos da relação; rotinas de compartilhamento de conhecimento; e governança eficaz (Dyer, Singh, e Hesterly, 2018). Essas parcerias são essenciais nos EIs, compostos por atores da academia, empresas, governo e sociedade, cujo objetivo é fornecer os meios e condições necessários para gerar valor por meio da inovação. Assim, em um contexto de incerteza e interesses difusos, a coordenação de atores e recursos relacionais pode gerar valor e inovação, resultando, consequentemente, em melhor desempenho e vantagem competitiva para os atores e o próprio ecossistema. Esta pesquisa contribui para a literatura explorando a dinâmica dos EIs e o papel da coordenação dos atores e recursos relacionais na criação de vantagem competitiva sustentável, contribuindo assim para o desenvolvimento local e regional. Como principais resultados, são propostos um método de mapeamento, análise e desenho de EIs nas cidades, um framework para analisar a orquestração de atores e recursos em ecossistemas de inovação, e o achado de que cada estágio do ciclo de vida de um EI – início, lançamento, crescimento e maturidade – exige diferentes estratégias de coordenação – governança, orquestração, orquestração múltipla ou coreografia.Today's most successful economies are no longer those based on goods, but rather on ideas and knowledge. Therefore, innovation becomes of paramount importance for regional and local development. Innovation ecosystems (IEs) stand out as environments with the objective of promoting innovation at firms, cities, and regions. These ecosystems go through different stages in their life cycle and must adopt strategies to coordinate the networks of interdependent and interrelated actors and resources that compose them, in order to be successful. Thus, innovation ecosystems can be analyzed from the perspective of the Resource-Based View (RBV). RBV highlights the rare, valuable, difficult to imitate and difficult to replace (VRIN) resources, as well as an implemented organization (O) that the firm must possess to achieve a sustainable competitive advantage (Barney, 1991; 1995). One of its main developments is the Relational View, which emphasizes that sustainable competitive advantage can result from relationships between a network of actors and considers the benefits jointly generated and owned by partnered actors (Dyer and Singh, 1998; Lavie, 2006). In the Relational View, the creation of value depends on four determinants: complementary resources and capabilities; specific assets of the relationship; knowledge sharing routines; and effective governance (Dyer, Singh and Hesterly, 2018). These partnerships are essential in innovation ecosystems, which consist of actors from Academia, Business, Government and Society, whose objective is to provide the means and conditions necessary to generate value through innovation. Thus, in a context of uncertainty and diffuse interests, the coordination of actors and relational resources can generate value and innovation, resulting, consequently, in better performance and competitive advantage for the actors and the ecosystem itself. This research contributes to the literature by exploring ecosystem dynamics and the role of the coordination of actors and relational resources in creating sustainable competitive advantage, thus contributing to regional development. As main results, we proposed a method for mapping, analyzing, and designing IEs in cities, a framework for analyzing the orchestration of actors and resources in innovation ecosystems, and we found that each stage of an IE’s life cycle – inception, launching, growth and maturity – demands different coordination strategies – governance, orchestration, multiple orchestration or choreography. These results can serve as a guide for policymakers, managers and other ecosystem leaders interested in fostering innovatio

Intelligent SPARQL Endpoints: Optimizing Execution Performance by Automatic Query Relaxation and Queue Scheduling

The Web of Data is widely considered as one of the major global repositories populated with countless interconnected and struc- tured data prompting these linked datasets to be continuously and sharply increasing. In this context the so-called SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language is commonly used to retrieve and manage stored data by means of SPARQL endpoints, a query processing service especially designed to get access to these databases. Nevertheless, due to the large amount of data tackled by such endpoints and their structural complex- ity, these services usually suffer from severe performance issues, including inadmissible processing times. This work aims at overcoming this noted inefficiency by designing a distributed parallel system architecture that improves the performance of SPARQL endpoints by incorporating two functionalities: 1) a queuing system to avoid bottlenecks during the exe- cution of SPARQL queries; and 2) an intelligent relaxation of the queries submitted to the endpoint at hand whenever the relaxation itself and the consequently lowered complexity of the query are beneficial for the over- all performance of the system. To this end the system relies on a two-fold optimization criterion: the minimization of the query running time, as predicted by a supervised learning model; and the maximization of the quality of the results of the query as quantified by a measure of similar- ity. These two conflicting optimization criteria are efficiently balanced by two bi-objective heuristic algorithms sequentially executed over groups of SPARQL queries. The approach is validated on a prototype and several experiments that evince the applicability of the proposed scheme