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Microchannel fluid flow and heat transfer by lattice boltzmann method
This paper was presented at the 4th Micro and Nano Flows Conference (MNF2014), which was held at University College, London, UK. The conference was organised by Brunel University and supported by the Italian Union of Thermofluiddynamics, IPEM, the Process Intensification Network, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, the Heat Transfer Society, HEXAG - the Heat Exchange Action Group, and the Energy Institute, ASME Press, LCN London Centre for Nanotechnology, UCL University College London, UCL Engineering, the International NanoScience Community, www.nanopaprika.eu.Micro flow has become a popular field of interest due to the advent of micro electromechanical systems (MEMS). In this work, the lattice Boltzmann method, a particle-based approach, is applied to simulate the two-dimensional micro channel fluid flow.
We simulated fluid flow and heat transfer inside microchannel, the prototype application of this study is micro-heat exchangers. The main incentive to look at fluidic behaviour at micron scale is that micro devices tend to behave much differently from the objects we are used to handling in daily life. The choice of using LBM for micro flow simulation is a good one owing to the fact that it is based on the Boltzmann equation which is valid for the whole range of the Knudsen number. Slip velocity and temperature jump boundary conditions are used for the microchannel simulations with Knudsen number values covering the slip flow. The lattice Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook single relaxation time approximation was used. The results found are compared with the Navier-Stokes analytical and numerical results available in the literature and good matches are observed
Depleted Kondo Lattices
We consider a two dimensional Kondo lattice model with exchange J and hopping
t in which three out of four impurity spins are removed in a regular way. At
the particle-hole symmetric point the model may be studied with auxiliary field
quantum Monte Carlo methods without sign problems. To achieve the relevant
energy scales on finite clusters, we introduce a simple method to reduce size
effects by up to an order of magnitude in temperature. In this model, a
metallic phase survives up to arbitrarily low temperatures before being
disrupted by magnetic fluctuations which open a gap in the charge sector. We
study the formation of the heavy-electron state with emphasis on a crossover
scale T* defined by the maximum in the resistivity versus temperature curve.
The behavior of thermodynamic properties such as specific heat as well as spin
and charge uniform susceptibilities are studied as the temperature varies in a
wide range across T*. Within our accuracy T* compares well to the Kondo scale
of the related single impurity problem. Finally our QMC resuls are compared
with mean-field approximations.Comment: 12 pages, 13 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev.
Models for Metal Hydride Particle Shape, Packing, and Heat Transfer
A multiphysics modeling approach for heat conduction in metal hydride powders
is presented, including particle shape distribution, size distribution,
granular packing structure, and effective thermal conductivity. A statistical
geometric model is presented that replicates features of particle size and
shape distributions observed experimentally that result from cyclic hydride
decreptitation. The quasi-static dense packing of a sample set of these
particles is simulated via energy-based structural optimization methods. These
particles jam (i.e., solidify) at a density (solid volume fraction) of
0.665+/-0.015 - higher than prior experimental estimates. Effective thermal
conductivity of the jammed system is simulated and found to follow the behavior
predicted by granular effective medium theory. Finally, a theory is presented
that links the properties of bi-porous cohesive powders to the present systems
based on recent experimental observations of jammed packings of fine powder.
This theory produces quantitative experimental agreement with metal hydride
powders of various compositions.Comment: 12 pages, 12 figures, 2 table
The one-dimensional Stefan problem with non-Fourier heat conduction
We investigate the one-dimensional growth of a solid into a liquid bath,
starting from a small crystal, using the Guyer-Krumhansl and Maxwell-Cattaneo
models of heat conduction. By breaking the solidification process into the
relevant time regimes we are able to reduce the problem to a system of two
coupled ordinary differential equations describing the evolution of the
solid-liquid interface and the heat flux. The reduced formulation is in good
agreement with numerical simulations. In the case of silicon, differences
between classical and non-classical solidification kinetics are relatively
small, but larger deviations can be observed in the evolution in time of the
heat flux through the growing solid. From this study we conclude that the heat
flux provides more information about the presence of non-classical modes of
heat transport during phase-change processes.Comment: 29 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables + Supplementary Materia
Inverse problems in the design, modeling and testing of engineering systems
Formulations, classification, areas of application, and approaches to solving different inverse problems are considered for the design of structures, modeling, and experimental data processing. Problems in the practical implementation of theoretical-experimental methods based on solving inverse problems are analyzed in order to identify mathematical models of physical processes, aid in input data preparation for design parameter optimization, help in design parameter optimization itself, and to model experiments, large-scale tests, and real tests of engineering systems
On the limiting Markov process of energy exchanges in a rarely interacting ball-piston gas
We analyse the process of energy exchanges generated by the elastic
collisions between a point-particle, confined to a two-dimensional cell with
convex boundaries, and a `piston', i.e. a line-segment, which moves back and
forth along a one-dimensional interval partially intersecting the cell. This
model can be considered as the elementary building block of a spatially
extended high-dimensional billiard modeling heat transport in a class of hybrid
materials exhibiting the kinetics of gases and spatial structure of solids.
Using heuristic arguments and numerical analysis, we argue that, in a regime of
rare interactions, the billiard process converges to a Markov jump process for
the energy exchanges and obtain the expression of its generator.Comment: 23 pages, 6 figure
From thermal rectifiers to thermoelectric devices
We discuss thermal rectification and thermoelectric energy conversion from
the perspective of nonequilibrium statistical mechanics and dynamical systems
theory. After preliminary considerations on the dynamical foundations of the
phenomenological Fourier law in classical and quantum mechanics, we illustrate
ways to control the phononic heat flow and design thermal diodes. Finally, we
consider the coupled transport of heat and charge and discuss several general
mechanisms for optimizing the figure of merit of thermoelectric efficiency.Comment: 42 pages, 22 figures, review paper, to appear in the Springer Lecture
Notes in Physics volume "Thermal transport in low dimensions: from
statistical physics to nanoscale heat transfer" (S. Lepri ed.
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