Investimento estrangeiro direto e crescimento econômico na Jordânia: uma pesquisa empírica que utiliza o teste de limites de cointegração

Este artículo investiga las elasticidades a largo y corto plazo entre el producto interno bruto y la IED en Jordania. El estudio utiliza datos anuales para analizar la relación entre la IED y el crecimiento económico para el periodo de 1992-2013. Los datos para las variables IED y PIB se obtuvieron de los Indicadores del Desarrollo Mundial y del Banco Mundial, y se utilizó el enfoque ARDL. Los resultados muestran elasticidades de largo y corto plazo en la IED y el PIB. En general, los responsables políticos de Jordania centran sus esfuerzos para atraer más IED a la economía jordana. Esto se debe a que se espera que más IED en la economía jordana conduzca a una disminución de los obstáculos económicos (por ejemplo, disminución de la tasa de desempleo y mayor nivel de inversión).Este artigo pesquisa sobre as elasticidades em curto e longo prazo entre o produto interno bruto (PIB) e o investimento estrangeiro direto (IED) na Jordânia. Este estudo utiliza dados anuais para analisar a relação entre a IED e o crescimento econômico para o período de 1992-2013. Os dados para as variáveis IED e PIB foram obtidos dos Indicadores do Desenvolvimento Mundial e do Banco Mundial, e foi utilizada a abordagem Autorregressiva com Defasagens Distribuídas (ARDL). Os resultados indicam elasticidades de curto e longo prazo no IED e no PIB. Em geral, os responsáveis políticos da Jordânia focam seus esforços para atrair mais IED à economia jordana. Isso se deve a que se espera que mais IED na economia jordana leve a uma diminuição dos obstáculos econômicos (por exemplo, diminuição da taxa de desemprego, maior nível de investimento).This paper investigates both long-run and short-run elasticities between gross domestic product and foreign direct investment (FDI) in Jordan. Annual data have been used in order to explore the relationship between foreign direct investments (FDI) with economic growth for the period 1992-2013. Data were collected for both variables (FDI and GDP) from the World Bank and World Development Indicators, and the Autoregressive Distributed Lag Model (ARDL) approach was used. The results show long-run and short-run elasticities in foreign direct investment (FDI) and GDP. The results indicate that Jordanian policy makers focus their efforts to attract more FDI to Jordanian economy. This is because more FDI is expected to lead to a decrease in economic obstacles in Jordan (e.g., increased level of investment, decreased unemployment rate)

Como sonhar grande, mas não implementar tanto assim: Coordenação de Desenvolvimento do Ministério do Trabalho da Jordânia

O caso versa sobre a cooperação entre o Canadá e a Jordânia no desenvolvimento de uma estratégia denominada “Educação para o Emprego e Capacitação Técnica e Vocacional (E-TVET)”. Dentro do Ministério do Trabalho jordaniano, órgão que liderava a ação, foi criada uma unidade de coordenação, para qual foi disponibilizada pela cooperação canadense uma assessora com expertise em educação, Brenda Cooke. Sua tarefa era apoiar o estabelecimento e a operacionalização dessa unidade, conforme termo de referência. Contando com a boa assistência técnica da consultora, o projeto deu certo e gerou lições importantes que são descritas no caso, como a administração adequada das expectativas dos atores envolvidos, abordagem participativa para estabelecer as regras de funcionamento da unidade etc. O caso presta-se ao ensino de temas como cooperação internacional, liderança, gestão de projetos e outrosNúmero de páginas: 8 p.LiderançaInovaçãoLeslie Shimotakahara era diretora da Divisão de Programas Internacionais do Instituto de Administração Pública do Canadá quando redigiu este cas

O Brasil como mediador da paz no Oriente Médio

Este artigo analisa a visita do presidente Luis Inácio Lula da Silva, realizada em março de 2010, a Israel, Jordânia e Cisjordânia.Este artigo analisa a visita do presidente Luis Inácio Lula da Silva, realizada em março de 2010, a Israel, Jordânia e Cisjordânia

Vulnerabilidades de refugiados árabes na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão de escopo

OBJECTIVE To map and analyze the vulnerabilities of Arab refugees in the context of primary health care. METHOD Scoping review in which studies published in English, Spanish and Portuguese languages from 2011 onwards were reviewed. The following databases were surveyed: Cochrane, Scopus, Health System Evidence, MedLine-PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science, SciELO, NYAM Grey Literature, BVS, Capes Thesis and Dissertation Database, Refworld and Journal of Refugee Studies. Data were analyzed in light of the concept of vulnerability. RESULTS Of the 854 studies identified, 40 articles were held for analysis and extraction of vulnerability indicators in the individual, social and programmatic dimensions. Regarding the individual dimension, the main indicators identified were unemployment, unstable and overcrowded housing, lack of sanitation and access to water, mental disorders, communicable and chronic noncommunicable diseases, etc. In the programmatic dimension, were identified, mainly, health teams with work overload, lack of preparation to deal with cultural and linguistic barriers, and delays in providing care. In relation to the social dimension, lack of access to schools, to information about health programs in the host countries, and to rights, among others, were found. CONCLUSION Vulnerabilities found highlight the disadvantage of refugees regarding health programs, services and system in host countries, in addition to highlighting the deep inequalities that affect this group. It is pointed out the need for programs and policies that promote actions, within the scope of primary health care, which recognize and respond to the health needs of refugees.OBJETIVO Mapear e analisar as vulnerabilidades de refugiados árabes no contexto da atenção primária à saúde. MÉTODO Revisão de escopo em que foram analisados estudos publicados nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português, a partir de 2011. As bases foram Cochrane, Scopus, Health System Evidence , MedLine-PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science , SciELO, NYAM Grey Literature , BVS, Banco de teses e dissertações Capes, Refworld e Journal of Refugee Studies. A análise dos dados foi realizada à luz do conceito de vulnerabilidade. RESULTADOS Dos 854 estudos identificados, restaram 40 artigos para análise e extração dos indicadores de vulnerabilidade nas dimensões individual, social e programática. Em relação à dimensão individual, os principais indicadores identificados foram desemprego, moradias instáveis e superlotadas, falta de saneamento e de acesso à água, agravos mentais, doenças transmissíveis e crônicas não transmissíveis etc. Na dimensão programática foram identificadas, principalmente, equipes de saúde com sobrecarga de trabalho, falta de preparo para lidar com as barreiras culturais e linguísticas, demora para o atendimento. Em relação à dimensão social, constatou-se falta de acesso às escolas, à informação sobre os programas de saúde dos países de acolhida, aos direitos, entre outros. CONCLUSÃO As vulnerabilidades constatadas evidenciam desvantagem dos refugiados perante os programas, serviços e sistema de saúde nos países de acolhida, além de colocar em evidência as profundas desigualdades que incidem nesse grupo. Aponta-se a necessidade de programas e políticas que promovam ações, no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde, que reconheçam e respondam às necessidades de saúde de refugiados

Democracia no Mundo Árabe

Enquanto que a democracia varre o globo, da América Latina à África, da Ásia ao antigo bloco de Leste, o Médio Oriente aparece como uma excepção neste movimento geral da História. As fracas manifestações de liberalização que surgiram são respostas fracas a desenvolvimentos oriundos de fora da região, nomeadamente a vitória do Ocidente sobre o comunismo e a derrota militar do Iraque. No debate sobre o papel do Islão na vida política das sociedades árabes, duas correntes se confrontam: a primeira vê o Islão como uma força hostil ao Ocidente e em rota de colisão com este. Os defensores desta corrente argumentam que as tentativas de promoção dos ideais democráticos no mundo árabe são vãs, pois não existe uma convergência de valores entre as duas culturas. O mundo árabe não está preparado para a democracia e, por isso, é preferível manter no poder os actuais regimes autoritários: a abertura prematura dos regimes políticos e a participação dos Islamistas no jogo político, permite-lhes explorar as vantagens do sistema democrático até capturarem o poder. Para a segunda corrente, deve ser dada aos Islamistas a oportunidade de ocuparem o poder. Para uns, a vaga Islamista é irresistível, uma força da História. O exercício do poder teria um efeito moderador sobre os Islamistas, limando a sua retórica excessiva, pondo-os face a face com os seus limites, forçando-os a saber negociar e encontrar plataformas de entendimento com outras forças políticas e sociais

Competências pedagógicas dos professores do ensino vocacional na Jordânia

The study aimed to determine the teaching competencies of vocational education teachers in basic schools affiliated to the Directorate of Education in Ajloun Governorate in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in competencies (implementation, and teaching methods), where the researcher used the descriptive approach in addition to using the questionnaire, which consisted of (26) items as a study tool. The study population consisted of all teachers of vocational education in the schools of Ajloun Governorate, who numbered (115) teachers, and the sample of the study consisted of (50) teachers. This is ahead of the adequacy of implementation, which was at a rate of (71%), and to a large degree for each of them.          The study aimed to identify the level of cognitive competencies for secondary school teachers in Jordan from the teachers’ point of view and their relationship to gender and educational qualification variables. The descriptive approach was used, and the study sample consisted of (210) male and female teachers in the first semester of the academic year (2021-2022), in addition to using the questionnaire as a study tool. The study concluded that the level of cognitive competencies for secondary school teachers in Jordan was high, as the percentage of response to it reached (76.4%). . The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the cognitive competencies according to the gender variable (males, females), in addition to the presence of statistically significant differences in the cognitive competencies of teachers according to the educational qualification variable and in favor of graduate degree holders (Masters and Ph.D.).          The study aimed to identify the level of cognitive competencies for secondary school teachers in Jordan from the teachers’ point of view and their relationship to gender and educational qualification variables. The descriptive approach was used, and the study sample consisted of (210) male and female teachers in the first semester of the academic year (2021-2022), in addition to using the questionnaire as a study tool. The study concluded that the level of cognitive competencies for secondary school teachers in Jordan was high, as the percentage of response to it reached (76.4%). . The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the cognitive competencies according to the gender variable (males, females), in addition to the presence of statistically significant differences in the cognitive competencies of teachers according to the educational qualification variable and in favor of graduate degree holders (Masters and Ph.D.).          The study aimed to identify the level of cognitive competencies for secondary school teachers in Jordan from the teachers’ point of view and their relationship to gender and educational qualification variables. The descriptive approach was used, and the study sample consisted of (210) male and female teachers in the first semester of the academic year (2021-2022), in addition to using the questionnaire as a study tool. The study concluded that the level of cognitive competencies for secondary school teachers in Jordan was high, as the percentage of response to it reached (76.4%). . The results also showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the cognitive competencies according to the gender variable (males, females), in addition to the presence of statistically significant differences in the cognitive competencies of teachers according to the educational qualification variable and in favor of graduate degree holders (Masters and Ph.D.).Apresentamos neste texto, um estudo que prentende determinar as competências de ensino - implementação e métodos de ensino - dos professores do ensino profissional nas escolas de base, filiadas na Direção de Educação da província de Ajloun no Reino Hachemita da Jordânia. Um estudo descritivo, onde se utilizou também um questionário que consistiu em (26) itens como instrumento de estudo. A população do estudo foi constituída por todos os professores do ensino profissional nas escolas da província de Ajloun, que contava com (115) professores, sendo que a amostra do estudo foi constituída por (50) professores. Isto está à frente da adequação da implementação que foi a uma taxa de (71%) e em grande medida para cada um deles

Commercial Banks' Contribution to Expanded Investment and Credit in Jordan

Purpose: The study aimed to investigate the role of commercial banks in increasing investment and credit facilities in Jordan.   Theoretical framework: The theoretical literature in this study sheds a light on the role of the commercial banks in in increasing investment and credit facilities. It also sheds a light on the role of commercial banks in supporting economy.   Design/methodology/approach:  The researchers adopted a descriptive analytical and quantitative approaches. The study’s sample includes all the commercial banks in Jordan. The researcher collected data on commercial banks from reports issued by the Central Bank of Jordan. The sampled banks include: (Bank of Jordan, Arab Bank, Capital Bank and Etihad Bank). The data targets the period (2017-2020).   Findings: The researcher found that there is an important role for Commercial banks in investment in general, due to an increasing the financial indicators of Commercial banks related to investment during the years (2017-2020). The study reported that the value of Commercial banks credit facilities increased significantly during .The comparison period (2017-2020)   Research, Practical & Social implications: The present study provides information and review of literature for the ones interested in conducting studies about the impact of commercial banks on economic variables. It also provides the decision makers in the Jordanian Ministry of Finance with useful information for supporting and improving investment in Jordan.   Originality/value: The present study is significant because it is the first study that addresses the role of commercial banks in increasing investment and credit facilities in Jordan as far as the researcher knows

Meios legais e criminais no combate á fraude na area de prestaçao deserviços turísticos: experiência de vários paises

O presente artigo foi elaborado com aplicação de vários métodos, inclusive o estudo de comparação da legislação relativa á area. Efectuada a análise da génese, experiência mundial teórica e prática de meios legais e criminais no combate á fraude na área de prestação de serviços turísticos. O resultado obtido permite definir o estado actual e particularidades da doutrina e elaboração de normas de regulamentação, destacar as suas propriedades positivas e negativas, formular propostas pertinentes de influência sobre crime referido por via do direito penal e criminal.The article analyzes the genesis, world experience of the theory and practice of criminal legal counteraction to fraud in the field of provision of tourist services by means of comparative law and other methods of research, which allows to find out the status and peculiarities of doctrinal and normative development of these issues, to distinguish between positive and negative ones. As well as formulate appropriate proposals on the impact of this type of fraud by means of criminal law and criminology

Corporate Tax Features in Jordan Affecting Business Decisions: Strengthening Finance Accountability in Emerging Economies

Purpose: This paper attempted to evaluate the attributing factors of corporate tax that impact and influence the financial decision-making of the businesses of Jordan. The attributes of mandatory disclosure of Jordan and opportunities in the financial report have been comprehensively discussed to analyze the financial accountability factor.   Theoretical framework: the paper discussed the hypotheses related to the features of corporate tax that impact the business decisions in Jordan, the sectors of financial accountability in emerging markets, the link between corporate governance and financial reports, and the connection between attributes of taxpayers and VAT compliance.   Design/methodology/approach: the descriptive type of research design is implemented to follow both qualitative and quantitative methods of research. The data were measured and evaluated using correlation, and regression to understand the link and connection between the research variables.   Findings: it can be concluded that there are various factors that impact the decision-making of the businesses in corporations such as the size of the business. Also, there is in rising opportunity for the financial reports and a link between the attributes of the taxpayers and VAT compliance. Moreover, the accounting framework of Jordan is also discussed comprehensively and the strategies that are followed for mandatory disclosure of businesses in Jordan or also discussed. Among the factors, the agency cost and profitability together with financial leverage also have an impact on the decision-making of the businesses.   Research, Practical & Social implications: the stance of financial accountability in emerging economies like Jordan is being discussed with in-depth understanding.   Originality/value: identifying the features of corporate tax that impact the business decisions in Jordan, understanding the sectors of financial accountability in emerging markets, identifying the link between corporate governance and financial reports, understanding the connection between attributes of taxpayers and VAT compliance.