Natural pigments from microalgae grown in industrial wastewater

The aim of this study was to investigate the cultivation of Nostoc sp., Arthrospira platensis and Porphyridium purpureum in industrial wastewater to produce phycobiliproteins. Initially, light intensity and growth medium composition were optimized, indicating that light conditions influenced the phycobiliproteins production more than the medium composition. Conditions were then selected, according to biomass growth, nutrients removal and phycobiliproteins production, to cultivate these microalgae in food-industry wastewater. The three species could efficiently remove up to 98%, 94% and 100% of COD, inorganic nitrogen and PO43--P, respectively. Phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin were successfully extracted from the biomass reaching concentrations up to 103, 57 and 30 mg/g dry weight, respectively. Results highlight the potential use of microalgae for industrial wastewater treatment and related high-value phycobiliproteins recovery

A review on the present situation of wastewater treatment in textile industry with membrane bioreactor and moving bed biofilm reactor

Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is one of the advanced treatment technologies used in industrial wastewater treatment due to its various advantages over conventional biological processes. Recently, the application of MBR in treatment of textile wastewater has increased significantly with an effective removal of contaminants. Moving bed bioreactor (MBBR) has been efficiently used for the treatment of different municipal and industrial wastewater during the last decades and it is a relatively novel and effective technology applied in textile wastewater treatment. This review paper presents the situation of MBR and MBBR technology for textile wastewater purification under different conditions and collates results of previous studies during the past years about MBR and MBBR treatment technologies used in textile processes. Both of these two technologies have shown their efficiency, but they still have problems in textile wastewater treatment. To this end, MBR-MBBR hybrid system could be an attractive solution for textile wastewater purification because of the high efficiency and low consumption of energy and spacePostprint (author's final draft

Ecological Life Cycle Assessment Modified Novolaks Waste Used in Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Ecological Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) applied in the assessment of the impact of products on the environment is a technique that allows for the evaluation of the environmental impact of polymeric flocculants used in industrial wastewater treatment. The possibility of conducting a full life cycle and thus manufacturing process analysis allows for reliable and accurate identification of the sources of environmental hazards and the impact of new products on the environment. Newly synthesized waste-based polymers are water soluble and possess the properties of flocculants, while reducing the parameters in industrial wastewater. In the paper, there are presented the results of the analysis conducted using LCA technique for the assessment of the impact of modified waste phenol formaldehyde resin (Novolak) on the environment. LCA technique was used to assess the impact of the new flocculant applied in the process of metallurgical wastewater treatment taking into account the environmental impact of the fl occulant manufacturing process

Feature of Industrial Wastewater Discharged to the Sewerage System

Industrial wastewater generation is considered as an environmental problem in all Palestinian Governorates. The connection of industrial wastewater to the treatment plant (TP) is always a matter of a case evaluation. The first concern is whether the industrial wastewater is possible to be treated at the TP, without any disturbances in operating of the plant or deterioration of the quality of the effluent or sludge. The second concern is the size of industrial wastewater flow in relation to the plant capacity. The final disposal of the industrial effluent has to be defined to avoid the damage of the treatment process and to protect public health and ecological system. Furthermore, it is important for the possible reuse of treated effluent in agriculture or recharge to the groundwater aquifer

Growth kinetics of environmental Legionella pneumophila isolated from industrial wastewater

Wastewater treatment plants are environmental niches for Legionella pneumophila, the most commonly identified causative agent of severe pneumonia known as Legionnaire's disease. In the present study, Legionella pneumophila's concentrations were monitored in an industrial wastewater treatment plant and environmental isolates were characterized concerning their growth kinetics with respect to temperature and their inhibition by organic acids and ammonium. The results of the monitoring study showed that Legionella pneumophila occurs in activated sludge tanks operated with very different sludge retention times, 2.5 days in a complete-mix reactor, and 10 days in a membrane bioreactor, indicating that this bacterium can grow at different rates, despite the same wastewater temperature of 35 degrees C. The morphology of Legionella cells is different in both reactors; in the membrane bioreactor, the bacteria grow in clusters, while in the complete-mix reactor, filaments predominate demonstrating a faster growth rate. Legionella pneumophila concentrations in the complete-mix reactor and in the membrane bioreactor were within the range 3 x 10(1) to 4.8 x 10(3) GU/mL and 3 x 10(2) to 4.7 x 10(3) GU/mL, respectively. Environmental Legionella pneumophila SG2-14 isolates showed distinct temperature preferences. The lowest growth rate was observed at 28 degrees C, and the highest 0.34 d(-1) was obtained at 42 degrees C. The presence of high concentrations of organic acids and ammonium found in anaerobically pre-treated wastewater caused growth inhibition. Despite the increasing research efforts, the mechanisms governing the growth of Legionella pneumophila in wastewater treatment plants are still unclear. New innovative strategies to prevent the proliferation of this bacterium in wastewater are in demand

The PROCESSING OF TOFU INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER USING BIOCOAGULANT ALOE VERA GEL

Tofu is a popular dish in Indonesia. If tofu production increases, it will also increase the produced waste. If the produced waste is not processed properly, it will cause environmental pollution which can cause health problems. One of the commonly used wastewater treatment methods is namely coagulation-flocculation. Aloe vera functions as a biocoagulant because it contains complex carbohydrates and sugars that can bind particles in the water, and contains a coagulant active substance called as mucilago. This research is an experimental research using the One Group Pretest-Posttest Design research design. Samples of tofu industrial wastewater were taken from the home industry in Janten Village, Ngestiharjo Village, Kasihan, Bantul, DIY. The addition of aloe vera gel as much as 60 ml/L in the tofu industrial wastewater caused a decrease in pH by 11.19%, COD 42.60%, BOD 44.80% and increasing TSS by 8.85%. It shows that aloe vera is effective to reduce COD and BOD in tofu industrial wastewater. Nevertheless, it is not effective to increase the pH of acidic tofu industrial wastewater and decreasing its TSS value

Industrial wastewater treatment using hydrodynamic cavitation and heterogeneous advanced Fenton processing

A combination of hydrodynamic cavitation and heterogeneous advanced Fenton process (AFP) based on the use of zero valent iron as the catalyst has been investigated for the treatment of real industrial wastewater. The effect of various operating parameters such as inlet pressure, temperature, and the presence of copper windings on the extent of mineralization as measured by total organic carbon (TOC) content have been studied with the aim of maximizing the extent of degradation. It has been observed that increased pressures, higher operating temperature and the absence of copper windings are more favourable for a rapid TOC mineralization. A new approach of latent remediation has also been investigated where hydrodynamic cavitation is only used as a pre-treatment with an aim of reducing the overall cost of pollutant degradation. It has been observed that approach of latent remediation works quite well with about 50–60% removal of TOC using only minimal initial treatment by hydrodynamic cavitation

Treatment of food processing industrial wastewater using two stages anaerobic system

The wastewater produced by food manufacturing industry is known for its high concentration of COD and suspended solid. In wastewater treatment, anaerobic process is favorable due to its low cost, biogas production, low sludge production and more. In this study, upflow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) and hybrid-UASB (HUASB) reactors, were combined with anaerobic filter (AF) bioreactors forming two stages system to treat food processing industry wastewater. This study was focused on the performance of UASB-AF (R1) and HUASB-AF (R2) treatment systems and the granules development. Seed sludge was deposited into HUASB column up to a third of the height. Palm oil shells were then packed into the HUASB (above seed sludge) as well as AF reactors to promote growth of microorganisms. The R1 and R2 systems were operated simultaneously, fed with raw food manufacturing wastewater taken from Azhar Food Manufacturing Factory. Parameters measured to evaluate the performance of the process were pH, COD, NH3-N, oil and grease and total phosphorus. The highest average COD removal efficiency, at 99%, were detected in R1 and R2 systems, both at OLR 10.56 g COD/L.d. Moreover, the presence of aggregated bio particles with diameter ranges from 2.934 to 5.00 mm were observed in both UASB and HUASB reactors. The highest percentage of 2.934 to 5.00 mm diameter granules were 7.6 % and 10.7% in the UASB and HUASB respectively. In addition, the highest removal rate coefficient, k values for UASB and HUASB were 2.1981 and 3.3950, occurred at OLR 8.59 and 10.56 g COD/L.d, respectively. Overall, the k values have proved that HUASB reactor had performed better than UASB reactor

Pengaruh Waktu Kontak Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Durian terhadap Kadar COD, BOD, dan TSS pada Limbah Cair Industri Tahu

The disposal of tofu industrial wastewater into the environment without treatment can cause pollution. The purpose of this study was to utilize durian peel as activated carbon which is used to treat the tofu industrial wastewater through adsorption process. In addition, to determine the effect of variation in contact time on the adsorption process. Carbon from durian peel with chemical activation using KOH 25% containing 10.15% water, 6.14% ash, and iod adsorption of 1194.83 mg/g. Activated carbon from durian peel was tested by FTIR obtained by functional groups of –OH, C−H, and C=C aromatic. Porosity analysis of activated carbon using SAA with BET method obtained surface area of 471.6 m2/g, pore volume of 0.5698 cc/g, and average pore diameter of 24 Å classified as mesoporous. Adsorption process between activated carbon and tofu industrial wastewater variations in contact time during 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes. Based on the study, the optimum contact time was 90 minutes. At that time, activated carbon from durian peel can reduce COD levels to 57%, BOD to 59%, and TSS to 72% from the initial levels of tofu industrial wastewater

The Aerobic Biodegradation Kinetics of Plant Tannins in Industrial Wastewater

This paper describes an experimental determination of the biodegradation rate for tannins present in industrial wastewater, after the extraction of chestnut chips. Experiments were performed in a laboratory aerobic reactor (Armfield) by using biomass from an existing industrial wastewater treatment plant. The outlet tannins concentration was determined under various processing conditions. Simultaneously, an optical microscope was used to monitor the mix of microbiological cultures in the biomass. On the basis of data obtained in experiments, non-linear regression was used to perform parametric analysis of various kinetic models, which took into account inhibition, as quoted in literature (Haldane, Edwards, Aiba, Luong). The statistical analysis, based on the P-criterion, F-criterion, adjusted coefficient of determination, Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and root mean squared error, showed that the biodegradation of plant tannins in industrial wastewater under selected conditions for aerobic digestion, can be most successfully described statistically by the Aiba\u27s kinetic model