Human body radiation wave analysis and classification for gender and body segments recognition / Siti Zura A. Jalil @ Zainuddin

This thesis presents a novel analysis and classification of human radiation wave for gender and body segments recognition. The human body has been shown to emit radiation into space surrounding their body. The research study frequency radiations at 23 points of the human body segregated into body segments of Chakra, Left, Right, Upper body, Torso, Arm and Lower body. Initially, the characteristics of frequency radiation are examined using statistical tools to find the correlations between variables. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is employed to compare the differences of frequency radiation characteristics between genders. Then, the classification algorithm of A:-nearest neighbor (KNN) is employed to discriminate between genders, and between body segments. The classifiers are evaluated through analysis of the performance indicators applied in medical research of accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. The findings obtained from this research show that the wave radiation characteristics of a male and a female human body are different. The proposed technique is able to distinguish gender and classify body segments, and it is justified using MANOVA statistical tests. The individual features of gender differences using analysis of variance forms a significant outcome on 13 points that are located close to the forehead, left and right side of abdomen, palms, arms, shoulders and head. In KNN classification, the outcomes for the classifiers are consistent with the MANOVA. For gender recognition, the classifiers have successfully differentiated male from female human body, and achieving a performance of 100% for accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. For body segment recognition, the classifiers are also able to distinguish between the body segments producing 100% accuracy in classifying of Chakra, Left and Right, whilst 93.75% accuracy is obtained in classifying of Upper body, Torso, Arm and Lower body. The sensitivity and specificity computed for body segment recognition are found to be more than 80% indicating a good classification performance. The outcomes of this study demonstrate that a male and a female human body, and also the different body segments, have different frequency radiation characteristics. The finding offers new opportunities in research and application based on human body radiation such as biometrics and surveillance systems

Human body radiation wave analysis and classification for gender and body segments recognition / Siti Zura A. Jalil @ Zainuddin

This thesis presents a novel analysis and classification of human radiation wave for gender and body segments recognition. The human body has been shown to emit radiation into space surrounding their body. The research study frequency radiations at 23 points of the human body segregated into body segments of Chakra, Left, Right, Upper body, Torso, Arm and Lower body. Initially, the characteristics of frequency radiation are examined using statistical tools to find the correlations between variables. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) is employed to compare the differences of frequency radiation characteristics between genders. Then, the classification algorithm of k-nearest neighbor (KNN) is employed to discriminate between genders, and between body segments. The classifiers are evaluated through analysis of the performance indicators applied in medical research of accuracy, precision, sensitivity and specificity in receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. The findings obtained from this research show that the wave radiation characteristics of a male and a female human body are different. The proposed technique is able to distinguish gender and classify body segments, and it is justified using MANOVA statistical tests

Effects of Orientations, Aspect Ratios, Pavement Materials and Vegetation Elements on Thermal Stress inside Typical Urban Canyons

The analysis of local climate conditions to test artificial urban boundaries and related climate hazards through modelling tools should become a common practice to inform public authorities about the benefits of planning alternatives. Different finishing materials and sheltering objects within urban canyons (UCs) can be tested, predicted and compared through quantitative and qualitative understanding of the relationships between the microclimatic environment and subjective thermal assessment. This process can work as support planning instrument in the early design phases as has been done in this study that aims to analyze the thermal stress within typical UCs of Bilbao (Spain) in summertime through the evaluation of Physiologically Equivalent Temperature using ENVI-met. The UCs are characterized by different orientations, height-to-width aspect ratios, pavement materials, trees’ dimensions and planting pattern. Firstly, the current situation was analyzed; secondly, the effects of asphalt and red brick stones as streets’ pavement materials were compared; thirdly, the benefits of vegetation elements were tested. The analysis demonstrated that orientation and aspect ratio strongly affect the magnitude and duration of the thermal peaks at pedestrian level; while the vegetation elements improve the thermal comfort up to two thermophysiological assessment classes. The outcomes of this study, were transferred and visualized into green planning recommendations for new and consolidated urban areas in Bilbao.The work leading to these results has received funding from COST Action TU0902, the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement No. 308497, Project RAMSES—Reconciling Adaptation, Mitigation and Sustainable Development for Cities (2012–2017) and Diputación Foral de Bizkaia Exp. 6-12-TK-2010-0027, Project SICURB-ITS- Desarrollo de Sistemas para el análisis de la Contaminación atmosférica en zonas URBanas integrados en ITS (2010–2011)

Aerospace Medicine and Biology. A continuing bibliography (Supplement 226)

This bibliography lists 129 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in November 1981

The Long-Term Effects of the Chernobyl Catastrophe on Subjective Well-Being and Mental Health

This paper assesses the long-term subjective well-being and mental health toll of the Chernobyl disaster of 1986 in the general Ukrainian population and estimates the monetary differential necessary to compensate victims of the catastrophe. The analysis is based on two nationally representative Ukrainian data sets and reveals that even 20 years after the accident subjective well-being is negatively associated with self-reported assessments of having been affected by the catastrophe. The causal long-term effect of the disaster on life satisfaction is established by exploiting variation in official radiation data which are linked to survey respondents through information on their place of living in 1986. We find higher depression and trauma rates as well as poorer subjective life expectancy among those stronger affected by Chernobyl. Expressed in monetary terms, the estimated amount of income required to compensate for the experienced utility loss amounts to an annual cost of seven percent of Ukraine's GDP.Chernobyl catastrophe, subjective well-being, mental health, instrumental variable

Artifact Rejection Methodology Enables Continuous, Noninvasive Measurement of Gastric Myoelectric Activity in Ambulatory Subjects.

The increasing prevalence of functional and motility gastrointestinal (GI) disorders is at odds with bottlenecks in their diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up. Lack of noninvasive approaches means that only specialized centers can perform objective assessment procedures. Abnormal GI muscular activity, which is coordinated by electrical slow-waves, may play a key role in symptoms. As such, the electrogastrogram (EGG), a noninvasive means to continuously monitor gastric electrical activity, can be used to inform diagnoses over broader populations. However, it is seldom used due to technical issues: inconsistent results from single-channel measurements and signal artifacts that make interpretation difficult and limit prolonged monitoring. Here, we overcome these limitations with a wearable multi-channel system and artifact removal signal processing methods. Our approach yields an increase of 0.56 in the mean correlation coefficient between EGG and the clinical "gold standard", gastric manometry, across 11 subjects (p < 0.001). We also demonstrate this system's usage for ambulatory monitoring, which reveals myoelectric dynamics in response to meals akin to gastric emptying patterns and circadian-related oscillations. Our approach is noninvasive, easy to administer, and has promise to widen the scope of populations with GI disorders for which clinicians can screen patients, diagnose disorders, and refine treatments objectively

Heat waves and human well-being in Madrid (Spain)

Heat waves pose additional risks to urban spaces because of the additional heat provided by urban heat islands (UHIs) as well as poorer air quality. Our study focuses on the analysis of UHIs, human thermal comfort, and air quality for the city of Madrid, Spain during heat waves. Heat wave periods are defined using the long-term records from the urban station Madrid-Retiro. Two types of UHI were studied: the canopy layer UHI (CLUHI) was evaluated using air temperature time-series from five meteorological stations; the surface UHI (SUHI) was derived from land surface temperature (LST) images from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) products. To assess human thermal comfort, the Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) index was applied. Air quality was analyzed from the records of two air quality networks. More frequent and longer heat waves have been observed since 1980; the nocturnal CLUHI and both the diurnal and nocturnal SUHI experience an intensification, which have led to an increasing number of tropical nights. Conversely, thermal stress is extreme by day in the city due to the lack of cooling by winds. Finally, air quality during heat waves deteriorates because of the higher than normal amount of particles arriving from Northern AfricaThis research was funded by the research project number CGL2016-80154-R “Análisis y modelización de eventos climáticos extremos en Madrid: olas de calor e inversiones térmicas” funded by Convocatoria 2016 de Proyectos de I+D+I, correspondientes al programa estatal de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad, from the Spanish Ministry of Educatio