Summer Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera of Southwestern of 15 Drainages in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

INHS Technical Report prepared for unspecified recipien

Design of Experiments: An Overview

Design Of Experiments (DOE) is needed for experiments with real-life systems, and with either deterministic or random simulation models. This contribution discusses the different types of DOE for these three domains, but focusses on random simulation. DOE may have two goals: sensitivity analysis including factor screening and optimization. This contribution starts with classic DOE including 2k-p and Central Composite designs. Next, it discusses factor screening through Sequential Bifurcation. Then it discusses Kriging including Latin Hyper cube Sampling and sequential designs. It ends with optimization through Generalized Response Surface Methodology and Kriging combined with Mathematical Programming, including Taguchian robust optimization.simulation;sensitivity analysis;optimization;factor screening;Kriging;RSM;Taguchi

Geometric Satake, Springer correspondence, and small representations II

For a split reductive group scheme $G$ over a commutative ring $k$ with Weyl group $W$, there is an important functor $Rep(G,k) \to Rep(W,k)$ defined by taking the zero weight space. We prove that the restriction of this functor to the subcategory of small representations has an alternative geometric description, in terms of the affine Grassmannian and the nilpotent cone of the Langlands dual group to $G$. The translation from representation theory to geometry is via the Satake equivalence and the Springer correspondence. This generalizes the result for the $k=\mathbb{C}$ case proved by the first two authors, and also provides a better explanation than in that earlier paper, since the current proof is uniform across all types.Comment: Version 4: minor revisions; 73 page

Composition of the Coleoptera and Associated Insects Collected by Canopy Fogging of Northern Red Oak (\u3cem\u3eQuercus rubra\u3c/em\u3e L.) Trees in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park and The University of Tennessee Arboretum

Oak forests dominate the forested landscape of Tennessee. These forests are vital to the economic and environmental health of the state. Northern red oak (NRO) trees, Quercus rubra L., are crucial components of these forests. Information regarding the status of coleopteran diversity associated with NRO is scattered and fragmented within the literature. Because of this, the insect fauna on NRO was assessed at three sites (Bee Tree Ridge, Mount Sterling, and Rich Mountain) in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM), and at one site at The University of Tennessee Arboretum (UT arboretum) by using the fogging method. These four sites represent elevational gradients ranging from 262-1,377 m. The canopy of one randomly selected tree per site was sampled monthly using a Dyna-Fog Golden Eagle fogger. Specimens (11,167) were collected, processed, and identified for the sampling periods. Identification efforts were focused on the 2,270 specimens of Coleoptera collected. Species diversity of coleopterans collected at the GRSM was assessed using the Shannon-Weiner and Berger-Parker diversity indices. Two hundred, three species of beetles representing 45 families were identified from the GRSM and represent a rich assemblage of beetle fauna. The highest number of specimens (713) and species (124) were located at the lowest GRSM elevation site (841 m). However, Shannon-Weiner diversity values were highest (3.70) at the highest elevation site and lowest (3.04) at the low elevation site. Eleven beetle pest species of NRO, represented by 403 (27.36%) specimens, were collected from GRSM. Specimens of the Asiatic oak weevil, Cyrtepisomus castaneus (Roelofs), were found at all sites and comprised 18.68% of the total beetles collected. Sixty-four species of Coleoptera not previously recorded in the GRSM were identified and represent a 5.5% increase to the All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory database. Eighty-seven species of Coleoptera were collected from the UT arboretum (262 m). AOW was the most commonly collected species at the UT arboretum with 84 specimens. Fifty-five of coleopteran species from the UT arboretum were not recorded in the GRSM collection. These data and findings are significant in that they are the first recorded listing of insect fauna on large (over 20 m tall) NRO in eastern Tennessee. Results of this study will assist in developing management strategies in northern red oak-dominated forests to enhance Tennessee forests. In addition, due to the threat of invasive species activity, this study provides an important baseline of the arthropod faunal composition found on mature NRO before disturbances alter species composition

Crane flies (Tipulomorpha; Diptera) collected during the All-Taxa Biodiversity Inventory of Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee and North Carolina : an ecological study

Collections were made in association with the All-Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) occurring in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) was conducted between October 2000 and October 2002 in an attempt to define the crane fly (Tipulomorpha, Diptera) assemblages found there. The objectives of this research were: 1) to define the crane fly assemblages of GRSM, 2) estimate the numbers of species likely to be found in GRSM, and 3) determine spatial and temporal distributions for species encountered. Over 9,000 specimens were collected from 22 Malaise trap located at 11 ATBI plot locations, representing 177 species from 57 genera and 5 families. Richness estimators indicated that an additional 20-80 species likely would be found using these collecting techniques, although up to 500 total species may be possible for GRSM. A high degree of faunal turnover was observed between traps. Distinct assemblages of crane flies occurred in different vegetation communities. Major differences were found between high-elevation coniferous forest sites and deciduous forests at all elevations. Open areas with no canopy had depauperate crane fly assemblages comprised mostly of transient species occurring in low numbers. Variation in elevation gradient affected the distributional patterns of many species. Numerous species were collected in only the upper or lower elevations. Those collected only in upper elevations typically had northern North American ranges or are known only from the Tennessee-North Carolina area. Species collected only at lower elevations had an increased likelihood of having southern ranges. The overall crane fly assemblage of GRSM is largely comprised of species with more northern distributions and species with broad geographic distributions

New records for Tephritidae (Diptera) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park

As part of the All Taxon Biological Inventory (ATBI) being conducted in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GSMNP), we report new distribution and host plant records for nine Tephritidae species

Generalized Response Surface Methodology:A New Metaheuristic

Generalized Response Surface Methodology (GRSM) is a novel general-purpose metaheuristic based on Box and Wilson.s Response Surface Methodology (RSM).Both GRSM and RSM estimate local gradients to search for the optimal solution.These gradients use local first-order polynomials.GRSM, however, uses these gradients to estimate a better search direction than the steepest ascent direction used by RSM.Moreover, GRSM allows multiple responses, selecting one response as goal and the other responses as constrained variables.Finally, these estimated gradients may be used to test whether the estimated solution is indeed optimal.The focus of this paper is optimization of simulated systems.

Movements, Immobilization, and Anthropogenic Dietary Histories of Feral Swine in Great Smoky Mountains National Park and Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area

Great Smoky Mountains National Park (GRSM) and Big South Fork National River and Recreation Area (BISO) need efficient feral swine (Sus scrofa) management programs. From April 2015 through September 2018, we trapped, anesthetized and fitted 48 individual feral swine (GRSM, n = 38; BISO, n = 10) with Global Positioning System (GPS) collars. I estimated movements, habitat use, and distribution of feral swine based on \u3e200,000 GPS locations. I used those data to develop a Mahalanobis distance model to predict relative probability of use based on 7 landscape variables. I also evaluated stable isotopes in tooth enamel for estimating the proportion of feral swine in GRSM that consumed anthropogenic diets (e.g., corn) as neonates as a tool to assess the impact of human-mediated augmentations from outside park boundaries. Finally, I evaluated a three-drug combination of butorphanol, azaperone, and medetomidine (BAMTM; Wildlife Pharmaceuticals, Fort Collins, CO, USA) for immobilizing trapped adult feral swine. Male home range sizes in GRSM and BISO were more than twice those of females. Feral swine in GRSM showed a preference for low to mid-elevations with sunny (generally southerly) aspects in the vicinity of water. At BISO, feral swine displayed a strong preference for water at lower elevations but in more shaded aspects. Stable isotope analysis revealed that early diets of domesticated swine had distinctly different carbon ratios from feral swine in GRSM but no feral swine demonstrated a neonate diet of corn. I found BAMTM to be satisfactory for use in collaring and sampling adult feral swine in the field, but I suggest a 50% increase in the initial dose (to 0.9 mg/kg butorphanol, 0.3 mg/kg azaperone, 0.3 mg/kg medetomidine) from what is typically recommended for domestic swine