Feline vestibular disorders. Part II: diagnostic approach and differential diagnosis.

Results of a neurological examination usually permit localisation of a vestibular disorder to either the central or peripheral parts of the vestibular system. Many different disorders located in the same part of the vestibular system will produce similar clinical signs. Therefore, additional diagnostic tests beyond a neurological examination are required in order to make an accurate diagnosis. The objectives of this review are to outline a diagnostic approach for disorders affecting the feline vestibular system, and to summarise the clinically important features of frequently diagnosed diseases affecting the vestibular system of cats

Complications and surgical outcome in dogs with otitis media undergoing total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy : a retrospective study of 37 cases

Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina VeterináriaNowadays total ear canal ablation combined with lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA-LBO) is the gold standard surgical technique for the treatment of dogs diagnosed with chronic otitis externa or otitis media nonresponsive to medical treatment. Regardless, of its efficiency in the resolution of otitis, several types of complications may occur. This study aimed to retrospectively revise postoperative complications and surgical outcome in a group of dogs submitted to this procedure in 2 referral institutions. Bacterial infection was found in 86.49% of the cases and postoperative complications were present in 54.05% of the cases. Neurological complications occurred in 35.14% of the cases, abscess or fistulation occurred in 18.92% of the cases, and suture dehiscence in 21.62% of the cases. No associations were found between the occurrence of complications and the dog’s age, sex, breed or presence of bacterial infection. There was also no association between the surgical outcome and the animal’s age, sex, breed or presence of bacterial infection. It was found an association between the postoperative complications and a poor surgical outcome, in particular with the presence of abscess or fistulation. On the contrary it was found an association between the suture dehiscence and a better surgical outcome. No association was found between the occurrence of neurological complications and the surgical outcome. In the great majority of the cases the outcome was good, corroborating the fact that TECA-LBO is an effective surgical technique in the resolution of otitis media.RESUMO - Complicações e resultado cirúrgico em cães com otite média submetidos a ablação total do conduto auditivo e osteotomia lateral da bula timpânica: estudo retrospetivo de 37 casos - Atualmente, a ablação total do conduto auditivo associada à osteotomia lateral da bula timpânica (TECA-LBO) é a técnica cirúrgica recomendada para o tratamento de cães com diagnóstico de otite externa crónica ou otite média não responsiva ao tratamento médico. Apesar de ser uma técnica extremamente eficaz na resolução de otites, vários tipos de complicações podem ocorrer. O objetivo deste estudo foi rever retrospetivamente as complicações pós-operatórias e os resultados cirúrgicos de um grupo de cães submetidos a este procedimento em 2 instituições de referência. A presença de infeção bacteriana foi encontrada em 86.49% dos casos e as complicações pós-operatórias em 54.05% dos casos. Complicações neurológicas ocorreram em 35.14% dos casos, abscesso ou fístula em 18.92% dos casos e deiscência de sutura em 21.62% dos casos. Não foram encontradas associações entre a ocorrência de complicações e a idade, sexo, raça ou presença de infeção bacteriana. Também não houve associação entre o resultado cirúrgico e a idade, sexo, raça ou presença de infeção bacteriana. Foi encontrada associação entre as complicações pós-operatórias e um mau resultado cirúrgico, principalmente na presença de abscesso ou fístula. Pelo contrário, foi encontrada associação entre a deiscência de sutura e um melhor resultado cirúrgico. Não foi encontrada associação entre a ocorrência de complicações neurológicas e o resultado cirúrgico. Na grande maioria dos casos o resultado foi bom, corroborando o fato da TECA-LBO ser uma técnica cirúrgica eficaz na resolução da otite média.N/

Metallic foreign body in middle ear: an unusual cause of hearing loss

This is a rare case report of a foreign metallic body found in the middle ear. During the use of an electric welding by a metalworker, a glowing drop of dissolved metal overrun, burning the skin of his external auditory meatus, perforated the tympanic membrane and finally was implanted around the ossicles as a foreign body. Due to difficulty of the physical examination and the moderate symptoms (hearing loss and sense of fullness), the foreign body was detected six months after the incident, by CT scanning and it was removed by a transcanal approach under general anesthesia. A successful ossiculoplasty-tympanoplasty was followed four weeks later

Foreign body in ear, nose and oropharynx: experience from a tertiary hospital

The ocurrence of foreign bodies in otorhinolaryngology is reason of constant searches for emergency services. OBJECTIVE: To value the incidence of patients with foreign body, to analyze the clinical situation and the treatment in these cases. METHOD: The prospective study was realized in 81 patients with diagnosis of foreign body of nose, ear or oropharynx in the otorhinolaryngology service of the Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo between april/2003 and march/2005. RESULTS: 57 cases of foreign body of ear, 13 cases of nose and 11 of oropharynx. These patients, 51.85% were men and 48.15% were women. The age average was 23 years old. The average of the evolution time was 18.36 days, being that 38.27% these cases were taken care in less 24 hours of evolution. Inside the total of patients, 83.95% received initial attendance in the otorhinolaryngology clinic, and 16.05% came of another service after some previous removal attempt. The most common symptom of the foreign bodies cases of oropharynx it was odinofagia present in 90.91% of the cases; in the foreign bodies of nose, the unilateral rhinorrhea and cacosmia were present in 46.15 of the cases; in the foreign bodies of ear, 38.60% evolved without symptoms and 28.07 with hipoacusia. The most frequent foreign body of oropharynx it was the fish spine (54.55%); in the nose it was the paper (30.77%); and in the ear it was the cotton (31.58%). The complications resulting of the presence of foreign body or about the manipulation of these had been found in 13 cases (16.05%). CONCLUSION: Most cases of foreign body conditions, in which a non-specialist professional or a non-professional person previously handles its removal, have a bad evolution with emerging complications. Such outcomes strengthen the fact that an otorhinolaryngologist using the proper equipment must treat patients with foreign body.A ocorrência de corpos estranhos em otorrinolaringologia é motivo de freqüentes consultas em serviços de emergência. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a incidência de pacientes com corpo estranho, bem como analisar o quadro clínico e o tratamento nestes casos. MÉTODO: Foi realizado estudo prospectivo de 81 pacientes com diagnóstico de corpo estranho de nariz, orelha ou orofaringe admitidos no Serviço de Otorrinolaringologia do Hospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo, no período de abril de 2003 a março de 2005. RESULTADOS: Foram 57 casos de corpo estranho de orelha; 13 de cavidade nasal; e 11 de orofaringe. Destes pacientes, 51,85% foram do sexo masculino e 48,15% do sexo feminino. A média de idade foi de 23 anos. A média do tempo de evolução foi de 18,36 dias, sendo que 38,27% dos casos foram atendidos com menos de 24 horas de evolução. Do total de pacientes, 83,95% receberam atendimento inicial na clínica de otorrinolaringologia, e 16,05% vieram encaminhados de outro serviço após alguma tentativa de remoção prévia. O sintoma mais comum dos casos de corpos estranhos de orofaringe foi a odinofagia presente em 90,91% dos casos; nos corpos estranhos de nariz, a rinorréia unilateral e cacosmia estiveram presentes em 46,15% dos casos; e nos corpos estranhos de orelha, 38,60% evoluíram sem sintomas, e 28,07% com hipoacusia. O corpo estranho mais freqüente de orofaringe foi a espinha de peixe (54,55%); no nariz foi o papel (30,77%); e na orelha foi o algodão (31,58%). As complicações decorrentes da presença de corpo estranho ou da manipulação dos mesmos foram encontradas em 13 casos (16,05%). CONCLUSÃO: A maioria dos casos com manipulação prévia para remoção de corpo estranho por profissional não-habilitado ou por leigo evoluiu com complicações, enfatizando que o manejo dos pacientes com corpo estranho deve ser realizado pelo médico otorrinolaringologista e com o uso de material adequado.UNIFESPHospital do Servidor Público Municipal de São Paulo Serviço de OtorrinolaringologiaUNIFESPSciEL

Ear, nose & throat : Seminar Book for Medical students in PTE

Author: Lujber László | Title: Ear, Nose & Thorat | Subtitle: Seminar Book for Medical students in PTE | Publisher: University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, 2020. | ISBN: 978-963-429-603-4 | DOI: 10.15170/AOK.2020.01 --- Accurate diagnostic evaluation of the various diseases in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery needs special practical skills. Lujber's Ear, Nose & Throat seminar book describes in details and illustrates the standard ENT procedures, such as examining the ear, nose, throat, pharynx, oral cavity and the neck. It provides information on the related anatomy and possible pathologic findings. Illustrations, photos and videos pack each chapter to facilitate learning and recall. It is an essential practical guide and valuable tool for students studying medicine and preparing for the otolaryngology exam at Pécs University, Hungary, but also useful for trainees, residents, fellows and general practitioners. Besides, the book covers the procedures of artificial feeding, foreign body removal, myringotomy and the management of nosebleed. The practical videos are easily accessible and directly downloadable to the reader's mobile phone by using QR codes

Otoscopic Examination

DergiPark: 481906tmsjAbstract: Ear related diseases are common in both otolaryngology clinics and family practice since all age groupscan get affected. Due to the frequency and the range of diseases of the ear, it is very important to carry out a thoroughexamination and make a correct diagnosis. Otoscopes are very useful tools used for otoscopic examination.Although head mirrors and head lambs can be used for the examination of the ear, otoscopes provide a better fieldof vision and a more detailed sight. There are two main types of otoscopes; portable and wall-mounted. However, theexamination should not be limited to the outer ear. It is the examiner’s responsibility to check the area around the earfor abnormalities. Otoscopic examination is a convenient method for making a correct diagnosis. Therefore, everymedical doctor should be able to perform a proper otoscopic examination and make a correct diagnosis

Central nervous system. Sense organs

Навчальний посібник рекомендований для студентів вищих медичних навчальних закладів IV рівня акредитації, які вивчають анатомію людини англійською мовою

Otolaryngologic Disorders

This article is made available for unrestricted research re-use and secondary analysis in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for the duration of the World Health Organization (WHO) declaration of COVID-19 as a global pandemic

Actualities of Management of Aural, Nasal, and Throat Foreign Bodies

Background: Foreign bodies (Fbs) in the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) are common presentations in healthcare settings worldwide.Aim: This study was carried out to review the modes of presentation, management, and outcome of inserted Fbs in our setting.Subjects and Methods: A 5‑year retrospective study of cases of ENT Fbs managed at two referral hospitals in Abuja Nigeria. The analysis was done with Chi‑square and Pearson correlation.Results: Five hundred and ninety‑four patients aged 0–75 years, M:F = 1.1 (295 vs. 299) were reviewed. Prevalence was predominantly among the under 5 s; 286/594 (P = 0.001). ENT Fbs were 356/594 (59.9%), 167/594 (28.1%) and 71/59 (12.0%), respectively. Cotton wool 133/356 (37.4%) and beads 75/356 (21.1%) constituted most aural Fbs. Beads 45/167 (27.0%) and grains/seed 37/167 (22.1%) were the most common nasal Fbs while fish bones 38/71 (53.5%) and piece of metals 12/71 (16.9%) were dominant in the throat. Most cases of aural and nasal Fbs were asymptomatic. Ear syringing was the most common method for removal of aural Fbs 216/594 (60.7%) and instrumentation under direct vision for nasal Fbs 153/167 (91.6%). Furthermore, 52/71 (73.2%) of throat Fbs were removed under general anesthesia. ENT complications observed included bruises, lacerations, perforations, Epistaxis, and a case of respiratory failure. Delayed presentation (beyond 24 h) was seen in 489/594 (82.3%) of cases while failed previous attempts by untrained hands constituted 353/594 (59.4%). A strong correlation between complications and duration of Fbs insertion (R2 = 0.8759) was established.Conclusions: Fbs in ENT are common especially among children below 5 years. Majority presented beyond 24 h, and there was a strong correlation between duration of Fbs insertion and associated complications. Repeated failed attempts and delayed referrals to otorhinolaryngologists from peripheral centers were also contributing factors to increased morbidity and hence the need for awareness. Keywords: Aural, Foreign bodies, Laryngeal, Nasal, Otorhinolaryngologist, Pharyngeal, Throa