16 research outputs found
The MAELIA multi-agent platform for integrated assessment of low-water management issues
International audienceThe MAELIA project is developing an agent-based modeling and simulation platform to study the environmental, economic and social impacts of various regulations regarding water use and water management in combination with climate change. It is applied to the case of the French Adour-Garonne Basin, which is the most concerned in France by water scarcity during the low-water period. An integrated approach has been chosen to model this social-ecological system: the model combines spatiotemporal models of ecologic (e.g. rainfall and temperature changes, water flow and plant growth) and socio-economic (e.g. farmer decision-making process, management of low-water flow, demography, land use and land cover changes) processes and sub-models of cognitive sharing among agents (e.g. weather forecast, normative constraints on behaviors
Quelles distributions spatiales des systèmes de culture pour limiter l'occurence des crises de gestion quantitative de l'eau ? Une démarche de conception évaluation sur le territoire irrigué de l'Aveyron aval
Dans les territoires irrigués exposés aux crises de gestion quantitative de l’eau, la sévérité des étiages dépend des interactions entre systèmes de culture, situations pédoclimatiques, hydrologie, lâchers d’eau et restriction d’irrigation. Dans de nombreuses situations, l’absence de nouvelles solutions de stockage et les tensions entre gestionnaires et usagers de l’eau rendent nécessaire la planification des étiages. Mes travaux explorent le potentiel de « la gestion spatiale » de l’eau pour mettre en adéquation la dynamique des prélèvements pour l’irrigation avec celle de l’offre en eau disponible (naturelle et stockée). Je propose une méthodologie participative de conception-évaluation d’organisations territoriales des activités agricoles, déployée sur l’aval du bassin versant de l’Aveyron (800 km²), en trois étapes: (1) modéliser le système socio-agro-hydrologique, (2) concevoir des alternatives de distribution spatiale des systèmes de culture, (3) conduire une évaluation intégrée des alternatives face à la variabilité climatique observée. Ces travaux combinent des méthodes, connaissances et outils « hard and soft », et font usage de la plateforme de simulation multi-agent MAELIA. Le processus a permis de formaliser des visions d’acteurs et de poser les bases d’une concertation multi acteur. Cependant la simulation des impacts de ces alternatives a montré leurs limites pour régler le problème de déficit structurel en eau. Cette démarche pourrait être prolongée pour aboutir à des propositions opérationnelles. ABSTRACT : In irrigated landscapes exposed to quantitative water management crisis, the intensity of low flows depends on interactions between cropping systems, pedoclimatic situation hydrology, water releases and withdrawal restrictions. In many situations there are no opportunities for more water storage, thus tensions occur between water managers and users, which makes the planning of water demand dynamics necessary. My work explores the potentials in the “spatial management of water” to align the water demand dynamics with natural and stored water availability. I present a 3 step, participatory method to design and assess agricultural landscapes: (1) model the Social-Agro Hydrological system, (2) design alternative spatial distribution of the cropping systems, (3) carry an integrated assessment of those alternatives based on observed climatic variability. This method combines “hard” and “soft” methods, knowledge and tools, and uses the MAELIA multi-agent simulation platform. I tested the method tested in the downstream area of the Aveyron River (800 km² Southwestern France). It allowed to formalize the actors’ visions on alternative distributions of the cropping systems. However they showed to be limited in solving the water deficit issue. The method could be continued to reach operational proposals
Quelles distributions spatiales des systèmes de culture pour limiter l'occurence des crises de gestion quantitative de l'eau ? Une démarche de conception évaluation sur le territoire irrigué de l'Aveyron aval
Dans les territoires irrigués exposés aux crises de gestion quantitative de l’eau, la sévérité des étiages dépend des interactions entre systèmes de culture, situations pédoclimatiques, hydrologie, lâchers d’eau et restriction d’irrigation. Dans de nombreuses situations, l’absence de nouvelles solutions de stockage et les tensions entre gestionnaires et usagers de l’eau rendent nécessaire la planification des étiages. Mes travaux explorent le potentiel de « la gestion spatiale » de l’eau pour mettre en adéquation la dynamique des prélèvements pour l’irrigation avec celle de l’offre en eau disponible (naturelle et stockée). Je propose une méthodologie participative de conception-évaluation d’organisations territoriales des activités agricoles, déployée sur l’aval du bassin versant de l’Aveyron (800 km²), en trois étapes: (1) modéliser le système socio-agro-hydrologique, (2) concevoir des alternatives de distribution spatiale des systèmes de culture, (3) conduire une évaluation intégrée des alternatives face à la variabilité climatique observée. Ces travaux combinent des méthodes, connaissances et outils « hard and soft », et font usage de la plateforme de simulation multi-agent MAELIA. Le processus a permis de formaliser des visions d’acteurs et de poser les bases d’une concertation multi acteur. Cependant la simulation des impacts de ces alternatives a montré leurs limites pour régler le problème de déficit structurel en eau. Cette démarche pourrait être prolongée pour aboutir à des propositions opérationnelles
mWater Prototype 3
This report concerns the application of a regulated open Multi-Agent System
(MAS), mWater, that uses intelligent agents to simulate a flexible water-right market. Our simulator focuses on demands and, in particular, on the type of regulatory (in terms of norms selection and agents behaviour), and market mechanisms that foster an efficient use of water while also trying to prevent conflicts among parties. In this scenario, a MAS plays a vital role as it allows us to define different norms, agents behaviour and roles, and assess their impact in the market, thus enhancing the quality and applicability of its results as a decision support tool.Botti Navarro, VJ.; Garrido Tejero, A.; Giret Boggino, AS.; Noriega, P.; Gimeno, J. (2013). mWater Prototype 3. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3212
mWater prototype review
This document reviews our current water policy-making decision-support framework,
build on top of a regulated open Multi-Agent System (MAS),mWater [BGG+10, GGG+11],
that models a flexible water-rights market. Our simulator focuses on the effect of regulations
on demand and thus provides means to explore the interplay of norms and conventions
that regulate trading (like trader eligibility conditions, tradeable features of rights,
trading periods and price-fixing conventions), the assumptions about agent behaviour (individual
preferences and risk attitude, or population profile mixtures) and market scenarios
(water availability and use restrictions). A policy-maker would then assess the effects
of those interactions by observing the evolution of the performance indicators (efficiency
of use, price dynamics, welfare functions) (s)he designs.
1.2 OurBotti Navarro, VJ.; Garrido Tejero, A.; Giret Boggino, AS.; Noriega, P. (2013). mWater prototype review. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3212
NoMoDEI : A framework for Norm Monitoring on Dynamic Electronic Institutions
With the growth of the Internet, computational systems have become more and more complex, often including complicate interconnected networks of autonomous components. The need to bring some organisational structure into autonomous systems becomes urgent, as this allows regulating the behaviour of the different autonomous components to ensure their objectives are aligned with the holistic objectives of the system.
Normative Systems are one of the mechanisms that can be applied to define and enforce acceptable behaviour within distributed electronic systems which should comply with some (human) regulations. One of the requirements to effectively implement Normative Systems is to be able to assess, at runtime, the state of the normative environment. Existing lines of research have already tried to tackle this issue on some simple scenarios. However, more complex scenarios may appear, for instance, scenarios where the normative context is not static, but it expands and contracts as new norms are added to the institution and removed from it respectively.
As in human legal systems, it is easy to foresee that some of these electronic normative environments will not be static. They should be able to evolve through time as regulations change, effectively adapting to new situations and behaviours. Under these conditions, a monitoring system must be able to continue computing the state of the normative environment at runtime, as often we can not afford to perform the changes on the normative context off-line. Furthermore, it must be guaranteed the monitoring system can keep producing states of the normative environment that are consistent with the changes performed on the normative context. For instance, if a norm has been removed from the normative context, it does not make sense anymore to compute normative states where the norm has been violated.
In this thesis we present NoMoDEI, a normative monitoring framework for dynamic Electronic Institutions. We formalize and develop an extended normative framework and architecture to cope with scenarios where the normative context is dynamic, therefore norms can be added, removed and updated. The operations are to be performed at run-time, without having to stop computing the normative state. The normative states computed are consistent with the expansion and contraction operations.
NoMoDEI is introduced in three steps. First, we formally define the operations to be supported in order to allow for expanding and contracting the normative context. Then, we instantiate the formal operations, providing implementation details. Finally, we demonstrate our framework by applying it to two use cases: E-health systems and waste-water management on a river basin.Amb l'expansiĂł d'Internet els sistemes computacionals han esdevingut mĂ©s complexos, sovint incorporant complicades xarxes interconnectades de components autònoms. Es per això que la necessitat d'incorporar estructures organitzacionals en el sistemes autònoms s 'accentua, donat que aquestes estructures permeten regular el comportament dels diferents components autònoms, tot assegurant que els seus objectius es troben alineats amb els objectius generals del sistema. Els Sistemes Normatius (i.e. Normative Systems) sĂłn un dels mecanismes que podem aplicar per definir i imposar patrons acceptables de comportament dintre de sistemes electrònics distribuĂŻts. Això esdevĂ© especialment important quan el sistema es troba regimentat per regulacions (normalment humanes). Un dels requeriments per implementar Sistemes Normatius Ă©s ser capaços de determinar, en temps d'execuciĂł, l'estat de l'entorn normatiu. Existeixen lĂnies de recerca que ja han tractat aquest problema en alguns escenaris simples. El mĂłn real però ens ofereix escenaris mĂ©s complexes, com per exemple, escenaris on el context normatiu no Ă©s estĂ tic, si no que s'expandeix i contrau a mesura que noves normes sĂłn afegides o eliminades de la instituciĂł. Tal com passa als sistemes legals humans, Ă©s fĂ cil preveure que alguns contextos normatius electrònics no seran estĂ tics. Aquests contextos haurien de ser capaços d'evolucionar a travĂ©s del temps a mesura que les regulacions canvien, adaptant-se a noves situacions i comportaments. Sota aquestes condicions, un sistema de monitoritzaciĂł ha de ser capaç de continuar calculant l'estat de l'entorn normatiu en temps d'execuciĂł, ja que sovint no ens podem permetre realitzar els canvis a l'entorn normatiu aturant el procĂ©s de monitoritzaciĂł. És mĂ©s s'ha de garantir que el sistema de monitoritzaciĂł sigui capaç de continuar produint es tats de l’entorn normatiu de forma consistent amb els canvis realitzats. Per exemple, el fet d'eliminar una norma fa que no tingui gaire sentit continuar calculant es tats normatius on aquesta norma ha es tat violada. A aquesta Tesi presentem NoMoDEI, una infraestructura de monitoritzaciĂł normativa per institucions electròniques dinĂ miques. Formalitzem i desenvolupem una infraestructura de monitoritzaciĂł normativa estesa capaç d'operar en escenaris on el context normatiu es dinĂ mic. Es a dir, diverses normes poden ser introduĂŻdes, eliminades o actualitzades del context normatiu en qualsevol moment. Aquestes operacions s'han de poder realitzar en temps d'execuciĂł, es a dir, sense deixar de calcular l'estat normatiu. Es mĂ©s, els estats normatius calculats han de ser consistents amb les respectives operacions d'extensiĂł o contracciĂł del context. Durant la Tesi presentem NoMoDEI en tres passos. Primer proporcionem una definiciĂł formal de les operacions que la infraestructura ha de suportar per permetre expandir i contraure el context normatiu. A continuaciĂł instanciem aquestes operacions proporcionant detalls d'implementaciĂł. Finalment demostrem que la nostra infraestructura pot ser aplicada a casos d'Ăşs del mĂłn real introduint dos casos: sistemes de salut electrònics (i.e. E-health) i sistemes de tractament d’aigĂĽes residuals a la conca d’un riuPostprint (published version
mWater Analysis
The mWater scenario requires the expression and use of regulations
of different sorts: from actual laws and regulations issued by governments,
to policies and local regulations issued by basin managers, to social norms that
prevail in a given community of users. Some will be regimented as part of the
electronic institutional framework specification, but others need to be expressed in
a declarative form so that one may reason about them, both off- and on-line, both
at design and at run time, and both from the institutional (or legislative) perspective
and the agent's individual perspective. Issues that are relevant in this respect
range from the choice of expressive formalism to the decision-making strategies
that agents might use to comply or disobey regulations. Thus, structural aspects
like governance, dynamics of norms (also from the legislative and execution perspectives)
as well as criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of norms may and need to
be explored in the demonstrator.Botti Navarro, VJ.; Garrido Tejero, A.; Giret Boggino, AS.; Igual, F.; Noriega, P.; Igual (2013). mWater Analysis. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/3210