70 research outputs found

    Designing and evaluating participatory cyber-infrastructure systems for multi-scale citizen science

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    2010 Summer.Includes bibliographical references.To view the abstract, please see the full text of the document

    Consumer behavior to Thai fruit consumption during COVID-19 pandemic in Jakarta, Indonesia

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    Indonesia imports fruits from around the world to serve people’s demand. Thailand as one of the fruit exporters to Indonesia needs to further explore what influences the consumption of Thai Fruits in Indonesia. Moreover, currently the COVID-19 pandemic likely affects all sectors, including the agriculture sector. This study aims to analyze the relation between socioeconomic characteristics and consumer behavior, particularly the pandemic period, that affects the purchasing decision of Thai Fruits. Using a structured questionnaire, random sampling of 1,736 respondents who shop at 5 All Fresh Supermarket branches were interviewed. The data was analyzed using the chi square test and binary logistic regression. The results found that socioeconomic characteristics such as age, gender, education, occupation, and income had a relation with Thai Fruits purchasing decision. In term of product awareness for instance, quality and taste is the utmost concern for customers. However, during COVID-19 pandemic, the level of customers’ consideration for quality and safety is clearly higher. Therefore, a different strategy is needed to convince consumers. The result also found that tasting experience influences purchasing decision significantly. To enhance international economic development, such agricultural products must respond to the customers’ needs and mutual cooperation between trading countries.JEL Classification:  F13; Q13; Q1

    Implementación de una plataforma para tests de inyección de fallos mediante electromagnetismo contra SoCs basados en RISC-V

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    Trabajo de Fin de Grado en Ingeniería Informática, Facultad de Informática UCM, Departamento de Arquitectura de Computadores y Automática, Curso 2021/2022.The market of microcontrollers, CPUs, desktop and server computers has seen both numerous milestones achieved and new challenges arise in the last decade. With the RISCV ISA being introduced in 2010, a new set of possibilities and freedoms was unlocked. However, the overall necessity for security and resilient computers has increased, not only for consumer grade devices, but also for every other field. Hardware is oftentimes one of the most forgotten attack surfaces, due to several reasons like lack of ease-of-access, or the cost of research. In this document, we ask the question: “how well does the RISC-V architecture stand against physical harms?”. We also develop a novel device capable of doing Electromagnetic Fault Injection attacks while being a very affordable solution to build.El mercado de los microcontroladores, CPUs, ordenadores de escritorio y servidores ha alcanzado nuevas cotas y superado numerosos retos técnicos durante la última década. Con la aparición del conjunto de instrucciones RISC-V en 2010, llegó un nuevo mundo de posibilidades y libertades. Sin embargo, la necesidad creciente de ordenadores seguros y confiables también ha aumentado, tanto de cara al consumidor, como en otras partes de la industria. En numerosas ocasiones, los componentes hardware son los grandes olvidados a la hora de evaluar la seguridad de un sistema, debido a razones tales como la dificultad de acceder o manipular estos componentes, o el coste prohibitivo que conlleva modificar e investigar dichas partes. En este trabajo, se plantea la pregunta: «¿Cómo de bien resiste la arquitectura RISC-V frente a peligros físicos?». Para evaluar posibles respuestas, se desarrolla un dispositivo nóvel capaz de llevar a cabo ataques de inyección de fallos mediante electromagnetismo, con énfasis en obtener un dispositivo cuya fabricación sea asequible.Depto. de Arquitectura de Computadores y AutomáticaFac. de InformáticaTRUEunpu

    Water Quality Engineering and Wastewater Treatment

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    Clean water is one of the most important natural resources on earth. Wastewater, which is spent water, is also a valuable natural resource. However, wastewater may contain many contaminants and cannot be released back into the environment until the contaminants are removed. Untreated wastewater and inadequately treated wastewater may have a detrimental effect on the environment and has a harmful effect on human health. Water quality engineering addresses the sources, transport and treatment of chemical and microbiological contaminants that affect water. Objectives for the treatment of wastewater are that the treated wastewater can meet national effluent standards for the protection of the environment and the protection of public health. This book, which is based on the Special Issue, includes contributions on advanced technologies applied to the treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater and sludge. The book deals with recent advances in municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, and sludge treatment technologies, health effects of municipal wastewater, risk management, energy efficient wastewater treatment, water sustainability, water reuse and resource recovery

    Event based propagation approach to constraint configuration problems

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    Recent advances in β-galactosidase and fructosyltransferase immobilization technology

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    The highly demanding conditions of industrial processes may lower the stability and affect the activity of enzymes used as biocatalysts. Enzyme immobilization emerged as an approach to promote stabilization and easy removal of enzymes for their reusability. The aim of this review is to go through the principal immobilization strategies addressed to achieve optimal industrial processes with special care on those reported for two types of enzymes: β-galactosidases and fructosyltransferases. The main methods used to immobilize these two enzymes are adsorption, entrapment, covalent coupling and cross-linking or aggregation (no support is used), all of them having pros and cons. Regarding the support, it should be cost-effective, assure the reusability and an easy recovery of the enzyme, increasing its stability and durability. The discussion provided showed that the type of enzyme, its origin, its purity, together with the type of immobilization method and the support will affect the performance during the enzymatic synthesis. Enzymes’ immobilization involves interdisciplinary knowledge including enzymology, nanotechnology, molecular dynamics, cellular physiology and process design. The increasing availability of facilities has opened a variety of possibilities to define strategies to optimize the activity and re-usability of β-galactosidases and fructosyltransferases, but there is still great place for innovative developments.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento

    Another epistemic culture : Reconstructing knowledge diffusion for rural development in Vietnam’s Mekong Delta

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    In the age of “post-industrial society” and “knowledge economy,” how do agrarian communities in developing countries talk, think, and apply knowledge for their everyday life and production? Does a farmer become a “knowledge worker,” or are knowledge workers only scientists, experts, development practitioners, and agriculture managers? More generally, is there a culture that nurtures knowledge production processes among interactive actors and across traditional boundaries and niches? Globalisation has transformed the way knowledge is produced, transmitted, and applied, as research results from one part of the world are transmitted over long distances to users who need it for their development. A wide gap has often arisen between epistemic culture, the culture of knowledge production, and the social and cultural conditions in which knowledge is applied. This problem is by no means new, but it has taken on new dimensions and practices. Founded on constructivist perspectives of systems thinking and symbolic interactionism, this research scrutinises knowledge diffusion for rural development within the interaction of different types of knowledge, knowledge processes and the four knowledge systems of agricultural extension, research, agribusiness, and farming community in the Mekong Delta, the largest and most active agriculture region in Vietnam. Placed in a broad analysis of the delta’s river and water civilisation (van minh song nuoc), modern hydraulic society developments and recent natural and social change impacts, the present research has revealed the duality of knowledge diffusion for agriculture and rural development in the Mekong Delta. The conventional model is still prominent in the knowledge diffusion landscape of the delta; researchers are knowledge producers, and agricultural extensionists and development experts are the main knowledge transfer agents of research results and technologies to rural residents as passive receivers. Sets of actors remain confined to their own life worlds, reading from their own scripts while farmers are perceived as passive knowledge and development receivers. The research has also illuminated a restructuration of knowledge diffusion from grassroots, informal, bottom-up efforts and networks conditioned on interactive environment, new identity of actors, and hybridity of knowledge work organisations. What is accentuated from multiple research case studies is that another epistemic culture of rural development is emerging. It is characterised by three principles of inclusionality, co-creation and reflexivity. Inclusionality promotes dynamic relational influences and co-evolutionary processes between nature and humans, environment and structure, community and individuals, knowledge source and receivers. The “I know better” fence that divides actors into the binarism of development experts-beneficiaries, knowledge source-passive receivers, and agencies with interest and knowledge work clashes is demolished. Co-creation relates to the active and creative participation of actors in development and knowledge development construction. Knowledge co-production can be formally performed in transdisciplinary research or everyday practice of collaborative informal grouping. It has to be built upon partnerships. Reflexivity refers to reflexive management of mega-knowledge in creating new knowledge at various levels of learning. Reflexivity creates opportunities for enhancement of conceptual readiness and effective implementation of innovation in more complicated and uncertain contexts of development as well as enrichment of local imaginings that potentially reshape and transform global issues and regimes. Another epistemic culture of development is emerging with an increasingly important role to play in constructing knowledge for sustainable rural development practices in the Mekong Delta, yet it is often “hidden” from the mainstream development and knowledge for development landscapes. It is from the internalist reconstruction and transformation within reflective communities and hybrid knowledge developed from interaction and networking logic that the alternative epistemic culture is beginning to spring, and in this same orientation it should be promoted. Yet, in the vast ocean of knowledge and emerging islands of new epistemic practices, micro-to-macro knowledge governance has to bridge and breed knowledge-processes-based interaction and learning cultures among communities and networks. If not, distributed transformations of the described epistemic culture of development only fall into being marginalised, budding, and unstructured features of knowledge-based societal change projects and cannot effectively lead (to) rural development transformation
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