The application of artificial intelligence techniques to large distributed networks

Data accessibility and transfer of information, including the land resources information system pilot, are structured as large computer information networks. These pilot efforts include the reduction of the difficulty to find and use data, reducing processing costs, and minimize incompatibility between data sources. Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques were suggested to achieve these goals. The applicability of certain AI techniques are explored in the context of distributed problem solving systems and the pilot land data system (PLDS). The topics discussed include: PLDS and its data processing requirements, expert systems and PLDS, distributed problem solving systems, AI problem solving paradigms, query processing, and distributed data bases

Schema architecture and their relationships to transaction processing in distributed database systems

We discuss the different types of schema architectures which could be supported by distributed database systems, making a clear distinction between logical, physical, and federated distribution. We elaborate on the additional mapping information required in architecture based on logical distribution in order to support retrieval as well as update operations. We illustrate the problems in schema integration and data integration in multidatabase systems and discuss their impact on query processing. Finally, we discuss different issues relevant to the cooperation (or noncooperation) of local database systems in a heterogeneous multidatabase system and their relationship to the schema architecture and transaction processing

Superdatabases for Composition of Heterogeneous Databases

Superdatabases are designed to compose and extend databases. In particular, superdatabases allow consistent update across heterogeneous databases. The key idea of superdatabase is hierarchical composition of element databases. For global crash recovery, each element database must provide local recovery plus some kind of agreement protocol, such as two-phase commit. For global concurrency control, each element database must have local synchronization with an explicit serial order, such as two-phase locking, timestamps, or optimistic methods. Given element databases satisfying the above requirements, the superdatabase can certify the serializability of global transactions through a concatenation of local serial order. Combined with previous work on heterogeneous databases, including unified query languages and view integration, now we can build heterogeneous databases which are consistent, adaptable, and extensible by construction

A polygen model for heterogeneous database systems : the source tagging perspective

Includes bibliographical references (p. 26-29).Supported in part by MIT's Financial Service Research Center, MIT's Center for Information Systems Research, and MIT's LCS Digital Library Project.Y. Richard Wang, Stuart E. Madnick

Evaluating Human-Language Model Interaction

Many real-world applications of language models (LMs), such as writing assistance and code autocomplete, involve human-LM interaction. However, most benchmarks are non-interactive in that a model produces output without human involvement. To evaluate human-LM interaction, we develop a new framework, Human-AI Language-based Interaction Evaluation (HALIE), that defines the components of interactive systems and dimensions to consider when designing evaluation metrics. Compared to standard, non-interactive evaluation, HALIE captures (i) the interactive process, not only the final output; (ii) the first-person subjective experience, not just a third-party assessment; and (iii) notions of preference beyond quality (e.g., enjoyment and ownership). We then design five tasks to cover different forms of interaction: social dialogue, question answering, crossword puzzles, summarization, and metaphor generation. With four state-of-the-art LMs (three variants of OpenAI's GPT-3 and AI21 Labs' Jurassic-1), we find that better non-interactive performance does not always translate to better human-LM interaction. In particular, we highlight three cases where the results from non-interactive and interactive metrics diverge and underscore the importance of human-LM interaction for LM evaluation.Comment: Authored by the Center for Research on Foundation Models (CRFM) at the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI

Supply Chain (micro)TMS development

Project Work presented as the partial requirement for obtaining a Master's degree in Information Management, specialization in Information Systems and Technologies ManagementThe rise of technology across many verticals has necessitated the company’s move to digitalization. Despite “XPTO” company a well know player on the retail and success on e‐commerce internal market, they aimed at the strategy of continuous innovation to drive business growth and strengthen their position as a premium brand. They decided to move forward into digitalism inside cloud based solutions to get all the advantages of microservices architecture: optimize logistics and supply chain management, speed up the workflow and maximize service efficiency. An agile organization is not achieved purely by shifting the focus from traditional functional/ technological oriented organizations. The new way to organize teams must reflect all the principles and right segregations of roles, which will be the most immediate and visible disruption and cutover from the traditional way of managing the IT. In this project we aim to use agile framework with development based in house cloud microservice solution for a (micro)TMS solution/system that address the immediate needs imposed by the market in order to use it has competitive advantage

Replication and Nested Transactions in the Eden Distributed System

Hardware redundancy in distributed systems offers the potential for increased availability and performance, but this requires software support if the full potential is to be realized. We have designed and implemented two mechanisms for such support. The first provides crash-resistant resources, replicated transparently and consistently to increase the availability of distributed data. To update multiple copies despite down nodes, we have introduced the Regeneration method used in the implementation of a replicated system directory. Regeneration restores inaccessible copies elsewhere in the network, maintains the availability of resources, and adapts to configuration changes. The second mechanism is a systell1 supporting nested transactions, which can manage the complex failure modes in a distributed system, synchronize concurrent resource access internal to applications, and facilitate safe module composition. In the tree-structured nesting, each transaction has a Transaction Manager (TM), responsible for the concurrency control and crash recovery of its subtransactions. Many concurrency control and recovery techniques can be combined in this TM Tree design framework. We chose locking and versions for the first implementation. Using Eden objects and the replicated directory, our nested transactions provide consistent concurrent access 10 location-independent, crash- resistant resources. In summary, the principal contributions of this research are the Regeneration method and the TM Tree framework. Regeneration uses the separation of hardware repair from data restoration to increase replicated data availability. TM tree composes existing techniques to derive many difficult designs for nested transaction. Both have been proven in the design and implementation of actual systems

Acquisition and processing of new data sources for improved condition monitoring of mechanical systems

190 p.Este trabajo está centrado en el desarrollo de nuevas formas de monitorización en línea del estado de salud de sistemas mecánicos mediante tecnologías poco utilizadas hasta ahora en este campo. En particular, se han investigado el uso de la monitorización de la viscosidad del aceite lubricante y la tecnología de análisis de las características de la corriente que alimenta el motor para obtener conocimiento sobre el estado de las cajas de engranajes. Por un lado, se presenta una nueva solución basada en materiales magnetoelásticos para la monitorización de la viscosidad del aceite lubricante. Por el otro, el análisis de la corriente alimentación del motor (MCSA por sus siglas en inglés) se presenta como alternativa de los acelerómetros tradicionales para la monitorización de anomalías mecánicas.En particular, se ha desarrollado un sensor magnetoelástico de viscosidad cinemática para mediciones en línea. La principal ventaja del sensor propuesto es su capacidad de medir en una amplia gama de valores de viscosidad (desde 32 cSt hasta 320 cSt). No se conoce ningún otro sensor equivalente comercialmente disponible con un rango similar.Con respecto al análisis de las características de la corriente de alimentación del motor (MCSA), el objetivo de la Tesis es poder diseñar un sistema para monitorizar una caja de engranajes en funcionamiento normal. En este sentido, se ha abordado el análisis de transitorios de velocidad, manteniendo la carga fija. Se ha utilizado un banco de pruebas de cajas de engranajes para reproducir diferentes fallos y adquirir datos en diferentes condiciones de operación

Acquisition and processing of new data sources for improved condition monitoring of mechanical systems

190 p.Este trabajo está centrado en el desarrollo de nuevas formas de monitorización en línea del estado de salud de sistemas mecánicos mediante tecnologías poco utilizadas hasta ahora en este campo. En particular, se han investigado el uso de la monitorización de la viscosidad del aceite lubricante y la tecnología de análisis de las características de la corriente que alimenta el motor para obtener conocimiento sobre el estado de las cajas de engranajes. Por un lado, se presenta una nueva solución basada en materiales magnetoelásticos para la monitorización de la viscosidad del aceite lubricante. Por el otro, el análisis de la corriente alimentación del motor (MCSA por sus siglas en inglés) se presenta como alternativa de los acelerómetros tradicionales para la monitorización de anomalías mecánicas.En particular, se ha desarrollado un sensor magnetoelástico de viscosidad cinemática para mediciones en línea. La principal ventaja del sensor propuesto es su capacidad de medir en una amplia gama de valores de viscosidad (desde 32 cSt hasta 320 cSt). No se conoce ningún otro sensor equivalente comercialmente disponible con un rango similar.Con respecto al análisis de las características de la corriente de alimentación del motor (MCSA), el objetivo de la Tesis es poder diseñar un sistema para monitorizar una caja de engranajes en funcionamiento normal. En este sentido, se ha abordado el análisis de transitorios de velocidad, manteniendo la carga fija. Se ha utilizado un banco de pruebas de cajas de engranajes para reproducir diferentes fallos y adquirir datos en diferentes condiciones de operación