МОНИТОРИНГ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫМИ МОБИЛЬНЫМИ И СТАЦИОНАРНЫМИ ОБЪЕКТАМИ

High production costs of agricultural enterprises became one of the main problems of an agrarian industry. Special researches are necessary for minimization of costs due to implementation of information automated control system for the main objects of agricultural enterprise. Results of enterprises operation with new technologies were analysed. In new economic conditions work performance improvement, reducing downtime of technical means, increase in productivity and quality of the grown-up products directly depend on operating control in productive activity and management decisions on the basis of the complex analysis of situations, with use of the exact on-line information. A content of a program and technological complex was worked out for control system in sphere of operation of mobile and stationary objects at agricultural enterprise. The main functions of the integration software were specified. The authors offered an algorithm of creation of the centralized automated information control system in agricultural technology processes. The navigation satellite systems GLONASS/GPS can be used in all technological operations of agricultural production. Practical use of synthesizable system as much as possible minimizes influence of a human factor on agricultural enterprise management, promotes increase in production, improves quality of engineering procedures accomplishment.Высокие производственные издержки, с которыми сталкиваются сельскохозяйственные предприятия, стали одной из основных проблем аграрной отрасли. Отметили необходимость проведения исследований с целью минимизации затрат при внедрении информационной автоматизированной системы управления основными объектами сельскохозяйственного предприятия. Проанализировали результаты работы предприятий, которые внедряют новейшие технологии. Установили, что в новых экономических условиях увеличение производительности труда, сокращение времени простоя технических средств, повышение урожайности и качества выращиваемой продукции напрямую зависят от оперативного контроля производственной деятельности и принятия управленческих решений на основе комплексного анализа ситуаций, с использованием достоверной информации, поступающей в реальном времени. Определили содержание программно-технологического комплекса системы мониторинга работы мобильных и стационарных объектов сельскохозяйственного предприятия. Показали основные функции программного обеспечения интеграционной платформы системы. Предложен алгоритм создания централизованной автоматизированной информационной системы мониторинга технологических процессов сельхозпроизводства. Доказана возможность использования спутниковых навигационных систем ГЛОНАСС/GPS для работы во всех технологических операциях сельскохозяйственного производства. Выяснили, что практическое использование синтезируемой системы минимизирует влияние человеческого фактора на управление сельхозпредприятием, способствует росту производства, повышает качество выполнения технологических процессов

PREGLED SOFTVERSKIH APLIKACIJA ZA POLJOPRIVREDNU PROIZVODNJU U HRVATSKOJ

The application of mobile devices (smartphones, tablets, etc.) to the agriculture sector has been greatly increased in the last decade. The ICT technologies have become an essential part of any business. Using Internet on mobile devices can prove to be essential in agriculture production. A new generation of mobile devices are lower in price and more user-friendly. This paper provides an overview of software applications that are created in Croatia and are mostly in the Croatian language. They are divided into groups of agriculture related applications; agriculture management information apps; agriculture information resource apps; agriculture calculator apps; agriculture news apps, weather apps. The research shows the agri-apps are still in its infancy and we can say that it reflects the state of agriculture in Croatia. Apps are a promising solution for farmers enabling them quick and trustworthy access to information. At the moment, further analyses are needed for scientific proof and improvement of a product.Primjena mobilnih uređaja (smartphona, tableta, itd.) u sektoru poljoprivrede se uvelike povećala u posljednjih deset godina. Informacijskokomunikacijske tehnologije (ICT) su postale važan dio u svakom poslu.Korištenje Interneta na mobilnim uređajima može se pokazati kao ključno u donošenju odluka u poljoprivrednoj proizvodnji. Nova generacija mobilnih uređaja postiže niže cijene i više je "user-friendly". U radu se daje pregled softverskih aplikacija na hrvatskom jeziku načinjenih u Hrvatskoj. One su podijeljene u skupine poljoprivrednih aplikacija; aplikacije za upravljanje poljoprivrednom proizvodnjom; aplikacije za dokumentiranje u poljoprivredi; aplikacije za poljoprivredne kalkulacije; vijesti iz poljoprivrede; vremenske prognoze; informacije iz državnih poljoprivrednih institucija. Istraživanje pokazuje da su poljoprivredne aplikacije još uvijek u povojima i možemo reći da one odražavaju stanje poljoprivrede u Hrvatskoj. Aplikacije su obećavajuće rješenje za poljoprivrednike omogućujući im brz i pouzdan pristup informacijama. U ovom trenutku, potrebne su daljnje analize kako bi se znanstveno dokazala pouzdanost dostupnih aplikacij

Optimization of Flight Track Autonomous on Precision Farming Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles For Foliar Farming

Spraying on agriculture by humans has a shortage of high costs, the efficiency of time and costs becomes a problem with the extent of agricultural land, the wider the area the higher the time and costs incurred, Accuracy in the spraying process in agricultural land is important because of the accuracy in spraying directly proportional to the accuracy of the agricultural land and objects sprayed, not exactly spraying will make it inefficient, in this study research will be carried out on altitude with the best spray area, for the process of spraying on agricultural land and useful for reducing costs, time effectiveness and accuracy of sprays in the field of agricultural land that has been determined. So that engineering must be pursued that is able to carry out fertilization and spraying activities quickly, efficiently and accurately. The method that will be used for this problem is to make a prototype of a fertilizer spraying system using liquid media on a platform of Unmanned Aerial Vehicl

PVIDSS: Developing a WSN-based Irrigation Decision Support System (IDSS) for Viticulture in Protected Area, Northern China

Abstract: The vineyard management is evolving from manual mode to automatic information management, especially in protected area culture mode. The conventional irrigation technology is a kind of the inefficient water usage technology. This paper developed PVIDSS: an irrigation system based on Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) to provide an effective way to improve the irrigation efficiency. Firstly, the interview, survey and document review were carried out to identify the main factors affecting the vine's growth and exact the system requirement, irrigation rules. Then, the architecture of PVIDSS was design based on the function requirement. Integrating the WSN based on ZigBee, the system monitors the key parameters of vineyard accurately, such as temperature and soil moisture, and calculates a precision irrigation based on field data and the rule of vine's water requirement. The system test shows that the WSN-based decision support system is accurate in data processing and easy to install and configure, which supports the development of water-saving agriculture

Smart farming : concepts, applications, adoption and diffusion in southern Brazil

Smart Farming (SF) is a modern set technologies that can be used to improve decision making and automation throughout agricultural activities. To accomplish this, some farmers are using the Internet of Things (IoT), which is new technology that allows objects to be sensed or controlled remotely across existing network infrastructures. Further, it can create opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, which can result in improved efficiency, accuracy, and economic benefits for SF users. Besides the new areas such as IoT, Cloud Computing, Cognitive Computing and Big Data, two fields have contributed to the development of SF: Precision Agriculture (PA) and Information Technology (IT). The present study analyzed SF’s innovative processes, beginning with the production of scientific knowledge through to SF’s final diffusion of these technologies into agriculture. The discussion and analysis are based on the theoretical contributions of the evolutionary economy and the techno-economic paradigms and were used to analyze technological revolutions. The work consisted of three distinct methodological steps First, to better understand the subject being studied, interviews were conducted with researchers and market professionals, from different areas, such as agriculture, electronics engineering and mechanization. During the second stage, text mining was used to analyze scientific literature on SF. In the third step an empirical research was carried out to analyze the adoption of SF technologies in real environment. To operationalize this step, a questionnaire was sent to grain farmers from the southern region of Brazil, which included Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul. Since these grain' farmers produced 50% or more of the gross revenue in grains were included in the database. After the surveys were completed, the empirical data was used to analyze the adoption of these technologies. Based on the results, it was possible to infer that SF technologies are in the process of gestation and emergence. There has been intense scientific development in technologies, such as IoT and smart environments. Additionally, there has been a strong spillover effect from industries to agriculture. Because of this, it is expected that the number of SF innovations available to the market will grow over the next several years The study indicated main factors that a farmer chose to adopt SF were: potential increase in productivity, better process quality, cost reduction, and a greater knowledge of cultivated areas. Additionally, adding in these factors, education had the positive effect on the adoption of georeferenced soil sampling. The adoption of an autopilot spray pilot and management software was positively influenced by the size of the area. The results of the study have indicated that a higher level of schooling tends to increase the probability of adopting these technologies. It was also found that high equipment costs, the low qualification of rural workers, the precariousness of Internet access in Brazilian rural regions, and the need to insert a lot of data and information in specific programs available to take advantage of SF technologies are the main barriers faced by grain producers, which contribute to their delay in implementing SF technologies. Additionally, it has been verified that the machines used in the grain production systems are becoming digitalized—the availability of equipment with sensors and automated processes are rapidly increasing. However, from the famers’ perception, many technicians and consultants, such as agronomists and agricultural engineers, have not yet adapted to the new context of agriculture, with growing implementation of SF technologies amongst farmers. Thus, the question remains whether farmers and technical consultants can take advantage of available SF technologies and, if so, whether they can use these technologies to help them make decisions and monitor their farming practices. The results of this research can be used to further understand how SF technologies are being used among Brazilian grain producers.O Smart Farming (SF) é um novo conjunto de tecnologias que podem ser usadas para melhorar a tomada de decisões e a automação em atividades agrícolas. Para isso, alguns agricultores começaram a utilizar a Internet das Coisas (IoT), que é uma tecnologia que permite que os objetos sejam detectados ou controlados remotamente em infraestruturas de rede existentes. Esse processo tende a criar oportunidades para uma integração mais direta do mundo físico com sistemas baseados em computador, gerando maior eficiência, precisão e benefícios econômicos para os usuários de SF. Além das novas áreas como IoT, Computação em Nuvem, Cognitive Computing e Big Data, dois campos contribuíram para o desenvolvimento de SF: Agricultura de Precisão (AP) e Tecnologia da Informação (TI).A presente tese analisou o processo de inovação no contexto da SF, desde a produção de conhecimento científico até a fase de difusão dessas tecnologias na agricultura, sendo que, o objeto de estudo contemplou as propriedades rurais de grãos. A discussão e análise realizadas no trabalho têm como base teórica o aporte da economia evolucionária e o paradigma tecnoeconômico usado para analisar revoluções tecnológicas. O trabalho consistiu de três etapas metodológicas distintas A primeira, de caráter exploratório, foi realizada por meio de entrevistas com especialistas de diferentes áreas, visando melhor compreender o tema estudado. Na segunda etapa, realizou-se um levantamento na literatura científica acerca do tema. De posse dessas informações, operacionalizou-se uma pesquisa empírica para analisar a adoção dessas tecnologias no ambiente real. Para isso, foram aplicados 119 questionários com produtores de grãos da região Sul do Brasil (Paraná, Santa Catarina e Rio Grande do Sul), sendo adotada amostragem estratificada, pois foram considerados produtores cujas propriedades produzissem 50% ou mais da receita bruta em grãos.Com base nos resultados, foi possível inferir que as tecnologias de SF encontram-se no processo de gestação e emergência. Observou-se um intenso desenvolvimento científico em tecnologias como IoT e ambientes inteligentes, bem como um forte efeito de "spillover" de outras indústrias para a agricultura. Entretanto, espera-se que nos próximos anos, o número de inovações disponíveis ao mercado na área de SF cresça. Os principais fatores de adoção de SF observados no trabalho foram: a) aumento de produtividade, b) melhor qualidade de processo, c) redução de custos, e d) maior conhecimento de áreas cultivadas. Da mesma forma, alguns fatores aumentaram a adoção de tecnologias em diferentes intensidades e maneiras. A educação teve o efeito significativo e positivo na adoção de tecnologias georeferenciadas de amostragem de solo A adoção do piloto de pulverização do piloto automático e softwares de gerenciamento teve influência positiva do tamanho da área. Os resultados da tese sinalizaram que um maior grau de escolaridade, tende a aumentar probabilidade de adoção dessas tecnologias. As principais barreiras que atrasam a entrada dos produtores de grãos na SF foram: a) o preço dos equipamentos, b) baixa qualificação do trabalho rural c) a precariedade do acesso à Internet nas regiões rurais brasileiras, e d) necessidade de inserir muitos dados e informações em software. Verificou-se assim que as máquinas empregadas nos sistemas produtivos de grãos estão passando pelo processo de digitalização, especialmente pelo aumento da disponibilidade de equipamentos com sensores e processos automatizados. No entanto, na percepção do produtor rural, grande número de técnicos e consultores ainda não está adaptado ao novo contexto da agricultura. Com isso, permanece o questionamento acerca da capacidade do produtor e dos consultores técnicos de acompanhar e aproveitar o potencial das tecnologias de SF na tomada de decisão na propriedade rural. Os resultados desse trabalho, inéditos no contexto brasileiro, avançam no sentido de compreender a difusão da SF no contexto brasileiro

Mobile Technology Use by Rural Farmers and Herders

Mobile technology business leaders from many mobile technology companies practice digital apartheid when improving rural farmers\u27 communication and technology infrastructure in developing countries. Mobile technology business leaders who do not effectively plan mobile technology infrastructure deployment to rural farmers and herders are at a high risk of failure. Grounded in adaptive structuration theory of technology, the purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategies mobile technology business leaders used to improve the mobile technology infrastructure for rural farmers and herders in the United Republic of Tanzania. The participants comprised three mobile technology business leaders from three different mobile technology businesses located in the United Republic of Tanzania who efficiently implemented business strategies to improve mobile technology infrastructure for rural farmers and herders of the United Republic of Tanzania. Data were collected from semistructured interviews, direct observations, and a review of company documents provided by participants. The thematic analysis process was used to analyze the data. Three themes emerged: cost of technology improvements, plans to implement infrastructure, and training and development. The key recommendations for mobile business leaders are building partnerships amongst mobile technology companies to raise capital and involve customers in their business models. The implication for positive social change includes improving access to mobile technology infrastructure to provide strategies for improving socioeconomic outcomes in and among poor rural farmers and herders\u27 communities

A Short Review on 4D Printing

Additive Manufacturing can be described as a process to build 3D objects by adding layer-upon-layer of material, the material traditionally being plastics, metals or ceramics, however ‘smart’ materials are now in use. Nowadays, the term “3D Printing” has become a much-used synonym for additive manufacturing. The use of computing, 3D solid modeling applications, layering materials and machine equipment is common to majority of additive manufacturing technologies. Advancing from this 3D printing technology, is an emerging trend for what is being termed “4D printing”. 4D printing places dependency on smart materials, the functionality of additive manufacturing machines and in ingenious design processes. Although many developments have been made, limitations are still very much in existence, particularly with regards to function and application. The objective of this short review is to discuss the developments, challenges and outlook for 4D printing technology. The review revealed that 4D printing technology has application potential but further research work will be vital for the future success of 4D printing

Aplicaciones geotecnológicas para el desarrollo económico sostenible.

Este libro de Actas recoge las contribuciones presentadas al XVII Congreso Nacional de Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica celebrado en Málaga del 29 de junio al 1 de julio de 2016Loa temas tratados en este libro de Actas abordan tres líneas temáticas, cuales son: 1) Aplicaciones TIG. Se incluyen en esta línea temática todas las aplicaciones de Tecnologías de la Información Geográfica: Sistemasde Información Geográfica, Teledetección Espacial y Métodos Cuantitativos que puedan aportar conocimiento, métodos de análisis e instrumentos de ayuda para la resolución de problemas relacionados con el territorio y el medioambiente en cualquiera de sus vertientes. 2) Geodatos, Geolocalización y Análisis Exploratorio de Datos. Han tenido cabida aquí, todos aquellos desarrollos y aplicaciones que hayan servido para la generación de información y para la descripción de relaciones de bases de datos que permitan identificar patrones y comportamientos o que ayuden a mostrar tendencias y procesos, preferiblemente en base a geodatos y que utilicen métodos de inteligencia artificial, aprendizaje automático, geoestadística y sistemas de bases de datos. Y finalmente, la tercera línea 3)Geomática y Geotecnologías ha incluido los aspectos comunes para avanzar en la forma en que las tecnologías geoespaciales pueden ayudar a observar, medir, analizar y resolver problemas concretos de la sociedad. Se trata de conectar el desarrollo de aplicaciones o proyectos con la innovación tecnológica y las empresas demandantes de soluciones.Asociación de Geógrafos Españoles, Universidad de Málaga (Departamento de Geografía, Facultad de Turismo, European Topic Center) y Colegio de Geógrafos