4,322 research outputs found
Biosensing and ActuationâPlatforms Coupling Body Input-Output Modalities for Affective Technologies
Research in the use of ubiquitous technologies, tracking systems and wearables within
mental health domains is on the rise. In recent years, affective technologies have gained
traction and garnered the interest of interdisciplinary fields as the research on such technologies
matured. However, while the role of movement and bodily experience to affective experience is
well-established, how to best address movement and engagement beyond measuring cues and signals
in technology-driven interactions has been unclear. In a joint industry-academia effort, we aim to
remodel how affective technologies can help address body and emotional self-awareness. We present
an overview of biosignals that have become standard in low-cost physiological monitoring and show
how these can be matched with methods and engagements used by interaction designers skilled in
designing for bodily engagement and aesthetic experiences. Taking both strands of work together offers
unprecedented design opportunities that inspire further research. Through first-person soma design,
an approach that draws upon the designerâs felt experience and puts the sentient body at the forefront,
we outline a comprehensive work for the creation of novel interactions in the form of couplings that
combine biosensing and body feedback modalities of relevance to affective health. These couplings lie
within the creation of design toolkits that have the potential to render rich embodied interactions to
the designer/user. As a result we introduce the concept of âorchestrationâ. By orchestration, we refer
to the design of the overall interaction: coupling sensors to actuation of relevance to the affective
experience; initiating and closing the interaction; habituating; helping improve on the usersâ body
awareness and engagement with emotional experiences; soothing, calming, or energising, depending
on the affective health condition and the intentions of the designer. Through the creation of a
range of prototypes and couplings we elicited requirements on broader orchestration mechanisms.
First-person soma design lets researchers look afresh at biosignals that, when experienced through
the body, are called to reshape affective technologies with novel ways to interpret biodata, feel it,
understand it and reflect upon our bodies
How sketches work: a cognitive theory for improved system design
Evidence is presented that in the early stages of design or composition the
mental processes used by artists for visual invention require a different type of
support from those used for visualising a nearly complete object. Most research
into machine visualisation has as its goal the production of realistic images which
simulate the light pattern presented to the retina by real objects. In contrast sketch
attributes preserve the results of cognitive processing which can be used
interactively to amplify visual thought. The traditional attributes of sketches
include many types of indeterminacy which may reflect the artist's need to be
"vague".
Drawing on contemporary theories of visual cognition and neuroscience this
study discusses in detail the evidence for the following functions which are better
served by rough sketches than by the very realistic imagery favoured in machine
visualising systems.
1. Sketches are intermediate representational types which facilitate the
mental translation between descriptive and depictive modes of representing visual
thought.
2. Sketch attributes exploit automatic processes of perceptual retrieval and
object recognition to improve the availability of tacit knowledge for visual
invention.
3. Sketches are percept-image hybrids. The incomplete physical attributes
of sketches elicit and stabilise a stream of super-imposed mental images which
amplify inventive thought.
4. By segregating and isolating meaningful components of visual
experience, sketches may assist the user to attend selectively to a limited part of a
visual task, freeing otherwise over-loaded cognitive resources for visual thought.
5. Sequences of sketches and sketching acts support the short term episodic
memory for cognitive actions. This assists creativity, providing voluntary control
over highly practised mental processes which can otherwise become stereotyped.
An attempt is made to unite the five hypothetical functions. Drawing on the
Baddeley and Hitch model of working memory, it is speculated that the five
functions may be related to a limited capacity monitoring mechanism which makes
tacit visual knowledge explicitly available for conscious control and manipulation.
It is suggested that the resources available to the human brain for imagining nonexistent
objects are a cultural adaptation of visual mechanisms which evolved in
early hominids for responding to confusing or incomplete stimuli from immediately
present objects and events. Sketches are cultural inventions which artificially
mimic aspects of such stimuli in order to capture these shared resources for the
different purpose of imagining objects which do not yet exist.
Finally the implications of the theory for the design of improved machine
systems is discussed. The untidy attributes of traditional sketches are revealed to
include cultural inventions which serve subtle cognitive functions. However
traditional media have many short-comings which it should be possible to correct
with new technology. Existing machine systems for sketching tend to imitate nonselectively
the media bound properties of sketches without regard to the functions
they serve. This may prove to be a mistake. It is concluded that new system
designs are needed in which meaningfully structured data and specialised imagery
amplify without interference or replacement the impressive but limited creative
resources of the visual brain
Human-Computer Interaction
In this book the reader will find a collection of 31 papers presenting different facets of Human Computer Interaction, the result of research projects and experiments as well as new approaches to design user interfaces. The book is organized according to the following main topics in a sequential order: new interaction paradigms, multimodality, usability studies on several interaction mechanisms, human factors, universal design and development methodologies and tools
Aerospace medicine and biology: A continuing bibliography with indexes, supplement 203
This bibliography lists 150 reports, articles, and other documents introduced into the NASA scientific and technical information system in January 1980
KEER2022
AvanttĂtol: KEER2022. DiversitiesDescripciĂł del recurs: 25 juliol 202
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