143,600 research outputs found
Coordination using Implicit Communication
We explore a basic noise-free signaling scenario where coordination and
communication are naturally merged. A random signal X_1,...,X_n is processed to
produce a control signal or action sequence A_1,...,A_n, which is observed and
further processed (without access to X_1,...,X_n) to produce a third sequence
B_1,...,B_n. The object of interest is the set of empirical joint distributions
p(x,a,b) that can be achieved in this setting. We show that H(A) >= I(X;A,B) is
the necessary and sufficient condition for achieving p(x,a,b) when no causality
constraints are enforced on the encoders. We also give results for various
causality constraints.
This setting sheds light on the embedding of digital information in analog
signals, a concept that is exploited in digital watermarking, steganography,
cooperative communication, and strategic play in team games such as bridge.Comment: ITW 2011, 5 pages, 1 eps figure, uses IEEEtran.cl
Multi robot cooperative area coverage, case study: spraying
Area coverage is a well-known problem in multi robotic systems, and it is a typical requirement in various real-world applications.
A common and popular approach in the robotic community is to use
explicit forms of communication for task allocation and coordination.
These approaches are susceptible to the loss of communication signal,
and costly with high computational complexity. There are very few approaches which are focused on implicit forms of communication. In these
approaches, robots rely only on their local information for task allocation and coordination. In this paper, a cooperative strategy is proposed
by which a team of robots perform spraying a large field. The focus of
this paper is to achieve task allocation and coordination using only the
robots' local information.
Keywords: Multi Robotic System, Cooperative Behaviour, Coopera-
tive Area Coverag
The Role of Tacit Routines in Coordinating Activity
We explore the influence of tacit routines in obtaining coordination. Our experiment uses simple
laboratory "firms," in which we interfere with one kind of firm's ability to develop tacit routines.
Thus, our firms vary in the degree to which they rely on this kind of knowledge â instead of
other, explicit, mechanisms â for obtaining coordination. We find that interfering with the
development of tacit routines harms firmsâ ability to coordinate. We then explore the extent to
which firms are able to transfer their ability to coordinate activity, either to a new domain or to
new members. Our results indicate that tacit routines transfer more easily than other
mechanisms to a new, but closely related, domain. However, routine-based firms perform
slightly worse in their ability to incorporate new members
Metacognition and Reflection by Interdisciplinary Experts: Insights from Cognitive Science and Philosophy
Interdisciplinary understanding requires integration of insights from
different perspectives, yet it appears questionable whether disciplinary experts
are well prepared for this. Indeed, psychological and cognitive scientific studies
suggest that expertise can be disadvantageous because experts are often more biased
than non-experts, for example, or fixed on certain approaches, and less flexible in
novel situations or situations outside their domain of expertise. An explanation is
that expertsâ conscious and unconscious cognition and behavior depend upon their
learning and acquisition of a set of mental representations or knowledge structures.
Compared to beginners in a field, experts have assembled a much larger set of
representations that are also more complex, facilitating fast and adequate perception
in responding to relevant situations. This article argues how metacognition should be
employed in order to mitigate such disadvantages of expertise: By metacognitively
monitoring and regulating their own cognitive processes and representations,
experts can prepare themselves for interdisciplinary understanding. Interdisciplinary
collaboration is further facilitated by team metacognition about the team, tasks,
process, goals, and representations developed in the team. Drawing attention to
the need for metacognition, the article explains how philosophical reflection on the
assumptions involved in different disciplinary perspectives must also be considered
in a process complementary to metacognition and not completely overlapping with
it. (Disciplinary assumptions are here understood as determining and constraining
how the complex mental representations of experts are chunked and structured.) The
article concludes with a brief reflection on how the process of Reflective Equilibrium
should be added to the processes of metacognition and philosophical reflection in
order for experts involved in interdisciplinary collaboration to reach a justifiable
and coherent form of interdisciplinary integration. An Appendix of âPrompts or
Questions for Metacognitionâ that can elicit metacognitive knowledge, monitoring,
or regulation in individuals or teams is included at the end of the article
Toward a second-person neuroscience
LS & BT : equal contributions (shared first-authorship)Peer reviewedPreprin
Group privacy management strategies and challenges in Facebook : a focus group study among Flemish youth organizations
A large body of research has studied young peopleâs privacy practices and needs in Facebook. Less is known about group privacy. In this study 12 focus groups were organized with a total of 78 adolescents and young adults of local Flemish youth organizations to discuss their privacy practices. Findings describe how different strategies are used to coordinate the group information flow. The study also shows how online group privacy management can be challenging because âimplicitâ privacy rules need to be made âexplicitâ, personal boundaries may conflict with those of the group one belongs to and privacy turbulence is difficult to define
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