An Edge Computing Based Smart Healthcare Framework for Resource Management

The revolution in information technologies, and the spread of the Internet of Things (IoT) and smart city industrial systems, have fostered widespread use of smart systems. As a complex, 24/7 service, healthcare requires efficient and reliable follow-up on daily operations, service and resources. Cloud and edge computing are essential for smart and efficient healthcare systems in smart cities. Emergency departments (ED) are real-time systems with complex dynamic behavior, and they require tailored techniques to model, simulate and optimize system resources and service flow. ED issues are mainly due to resource shortage and resource assignment efficiency. In this paper, we propose a resource preservation net (RPN) framework using Petri net, integrated with custom cloud and edge computing suitable for ED systems. The proposed framework is designed to model non-consumable resources and is theoretically described and validated. RPN is applicable to a real-life scenario where key performance indicators such as patient length of stay (LoS), resource utilization rate and average patient waiting time are modeled and optimized. As the system must be reliable, efficient and secure, the use of cloud and edge computing is critical. The proposed framework is simulated, which highlights significant improvements in LoS, resource utilization and patient waiting time

An EEG Signal Recognition Algorithm During Epileptic Seizure Based on Distributed Edge Computing

Epilepsy is one kind of brain diseases, and its sudden unpredictability is the main cause of disability and even death. Thus, it is of great significance to identify electroencephalogram (EEG) during the seizure quickly and accurately. With the rise of cloud computing and edge computing, the interface between local detection and cloud recognition is established, which promotes the development of portable EEG detection and diagnosis. Thus, we construct a framework for identifying EEG signals in epileptic seizure based on cloud-edge computing. The EEG signals are obtained in real time locally, and the horizontal viewable model is established at the edge to enhance the internal correlation of the signals. The Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy system is established to analyze the epileptic signals. In the cloud, the fusion of clinical features and signal features is established to establish a deep learning framework. Through local signal acquisition, edge signal processing and cloud signal recognition, the diagnosis of epilepsy is realized, which can provide a new idea for the real-time diagnosis and feedback of EEG during epileptic seizure

An Intelligent Non-Invasive Real-Time Human Activity Recognition System for Next-Generation Healthcare

Human motion detection is getting considerable attention in the field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) driven healthcare systems. Human motion can be used to provide remote healthcare solutions for vulnerable people by identifying particular movements such as falls, gait and breathing disorders. This can allow people to live more independent lifestyles and still have the safety of being monitored if more direct care is needed. At present wearable devices can provide real-time monitoring by deploying equipment on a person’s body. However, putting devices on a person’s body all the time makes it uncomfortable and the elderly tend to forget to wear them, in addition to the insecurity of being tracked all the time. This paper demonstrates how human motions can be detected in a quasi-real-time scenario using a non-invasive method. Patterns in the wireless signals present particular human body motions as each movement induces a unique change in the wireless medium. These changes can be used to identify particular body motions. This work produces a dataset that contains patterns of radio wave signals obtained using software-defined radios (SDRs) to establish if a subject is standing up or sitting down as a test case. The dataset was used to create a machine learning model, which was used in a developed application to provide a quasi-real-time classification of standing or sitting state. The machine-learning model was able to achieve 96.70% accuracy using the Random Forest algorithm using 10 fold cross-validation. A benchmark dataset of wearable devices was compared to the proposed dataset and results showed the proposed dataset to have similar accuracy of nearly 90%. The machine-learning models developed in this paper are tested for two activities but the developed system is designed and applicable for detecting and differentiating x number of activities

Internet of Things-Based ECG and Vitals Healthcare Monitoring System

Health monitoring and its associated technologies have gained enormous importance over the past few years. The electrocardiogram (ECG) has long been a popular tool for assessing and diagnosing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Since the literature on ECG monitoring devices is growing at an exponential rate, it is becoming difficult for researchers and healthcare professionals to select, compare, and assess the systems that meet their demands while also meeting the monitoring standards. This emphasizes the necessity for a reliable reference to guide the design, categorization, and analysis of ECG monitoring systems, which will benefit both academics and practitioners. We present a complete ECG monitoring system in this work, describing the design stages and implementation of an end-to-end solution for capturing and displaying the patient’s heart signals, heart rate, blood oxygen levels, and body temperature. The data will be presented on an OLED display, a developed Android application as well as in MATLAB via serial communication. The Internet of Things (IoT) approaches have a clear advantage in tackling the problem of heart disease patient care as they can transform the service mode into a widespread one and alert the healthcare services based on the patient’s physical condition. Keeping this in mind, there is also the addition of a web server for monitoring the patient’s status via WiFi. The prototype, which is compliant with the electrical safety regulations and medical equipment design, was further benchmarked against a commercially available off-the-shelf device, and showed an excellent accuracy of 99.56%

Medical Data Analytics and Wearable Devices

Clinical decision-making may be directly impacted by wearable application. Some people think that wearable technologies, such as patient rehabilitation outside of hospitals, could boost patient care quality while lowering costs. The big data produced by wearable technology presents researchers with both a challenge and an opportunity to expand the use of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques on these data. By establishing new healthcare service systems, it is possible to organise diverse information and communications technologies into service linkages. This includes emerging smart systems, cloud computing, social networks, and enhanced sensing and data analysis techniques. The characteristics and features of big data, the significance of big data analytics in the healthcare industry, and a discussion of the effectiveness of several machine learning algorithms employed in big data analytics served as our conclusion

IoT-enabled Flood Severity Prediction via Ensemble Machine Learning Models

River flooding is a natural phenomenon that can have a devastating effect on human life and economic losses. There have been various approaches in studying river flooding; however, insufficient understanding and limited knowledge about flooding conditions hinder the development of prevention and control measures for this natural phenomenon. This paper entails a new approach for the prediction of water level in association with flood severity using the ensemble model. Our approach leverages the latest developments in the Internet of Things (IoT) and machine learning for the automated analysis of flood data that might be useful to prevent natural disasters. Research outcomes indicate that ensemble learning provides a more reliable tool to predict flood severity levels. The experimental results indicate that the ensemble learning using the Long-Short Term memory model and random forest outperformed individual models with a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 71.4%, 85.9%, 81.13%, respectively

A Task Scheduling Algorithm with Improved Makespan Based on Prediction of Tasks Computation Time algorithm for Cloud Computing

Cloud computing is extensively used in a variety of applications and domains, however task and resource scheduling remains an area that requires improvement. Put simply, in a heterogeneous computing system, task scheduling algorithms, which allow the transfer of incoming tasks to machines, are needed to satisfy high performance data mapping requirements. The appropriate mapping between resources and tasks reduces makespan and maximises resource utilisation. In this contribution, we present a novel scheduling algorithm using Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) based on the Prediction of Tasks Computation Time algorithm (PTCT) to estimate the preeminent scheduling algorithm for prominent cloud data. In addition, the proposed algorithm provides a significant improvement with respect to the makespan and reduces the computation and complexity via employing Principle Components Analysis (PCA) and reducing the Expected Time to Compute (ETC) matrix. Simulation results confirm the superior performance of the algorithm for heterogeneous systems in terms of efficiency, speedup and schedule length ratio, when compared to the state-of-the-art Min-Min, Max-Min, QoS-Guide and MiM-MaM scheduling algorithms

AI Techniques for COVID-19

© 2013 IEEE. Artificial Intelligence (AI) intent is to facilitate human limits. It is getting a standpoint on human administrations, filled by the growing availability of restorative clinical data and quick progression of insightful strategies. Motivated by the need to highlight the need for employing AI in battling the COVID-19 Crisis, this survey summarizes the current state of AI applications in clinical administrations while battling COVID-19. Furthermore, we highlight the application of Big Data while understanding this virus. We also overview various intelligence techniques and methods that can be applied to various types of medical information-based pandemic. We classify the existing AI techniques in clinical data analysis, including neural systems, classical SVM, and edge significant learning. Also, an emphasis has been made on regions that utilize AI-oriented cloud computing in combating various similar viruses to COVID-19. This survey study is an attempt to benefit medical practitioners and medical researchers in overpowering their faced difficulties while handling COVID-19 big data. The investigated techniques put forth advances in medical data analysis with an exactness of up to 90%. We further end up with a detailed discussion about how AI implementation can be a huge advantage in combating various similar viruses

AI Techniques for COVID-19

© 2013 IEEE. Artificial Intelligence (AI) intent is to facilitate human limits. It is getting a standpoint on human administrations, filled by the growing availability of restorative clinical data and quick progression of insightful strategies. Motivated by the need to highlight the need for employing AI in battling the COVID-19 Crisis, this survey summarizes the current state of AI applications in clinical administrations while battling COVID-19. Furthermore, we highlight the application of Big Data while understanding this virus. We also overview various intelligence techniques and methods that can be applied to various types of medical information-based pandemic. We classify the existing AI techniques in clinical data analysis, including neural systems, classical SVM, and edge significant learning. Also, an emphasis has been made on regions that utilize AI-oriented cloud computing in combating various similar viruses to COVID-19. This survey study is an attempt to benefit medical practitioners and medical researchers in overpowering their faced difficulties while handling COVID-19 big data. The investigated techniques put forth advances in medical data analysis with an exactness of up to 90%. We further end up with a detailed discussion about how AI implementation can be a huge advantage in combating various similar viruses