Towards more efficient solution of conditional constraint satisfaction problems

The focus of the thesis is on improving solving constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs) that change with certain conditions. This special class of problems, which we call conditional CSPs, has proved very useful in modeling important applications, such product configuration and design, and distributed software diagnosis and network management. The problem conditions model choices customers make to configure a product, or they are installation settings or actual observations of a running system that is monitored for diagnosis purpose. The key, novel contribution of this thesis are two approaches for improving solving methods and the use of random conditional CSPs to evaluate the performance of these methods. With the first approach we propose new algorithms for solving conditional CSPs. These algorithms propagate problem constraints and conditions. The second approach explores the feasibility of reformulating the problem into a standard CSP and introduces new reformulation algorithms. The implementation results have been evaluated experimentally. The experimental design has extensive test suites of randomly generated standard and conditional CSPs for which general problem parameters, such as density and satisfiability, were varied, as well as specialized parameters that characterize the representation of problem conditions. The significance of the work lies in the advance of problem resolution for the class of conditional CSPs and the experimental analysis for the proposed new algorithms. The limited solving developments known in the literature of the class of conditional CSPs, a backtrack search algorithm tested on a handful of small problem examples, have been taken an important step further and aligned with efforts reported for standard and other special classes of CSPs

The Web Security Password Authentication based the Single-block Hash Function

AbstractI The paper puts forward the Web security password authentication scheme based on the single-block hash function. The scheme can solve the problem effectively that exists in the traditional password authentication or digital signature in the Web authentication of user's identity to realize the defect. It can resist replay attacks, eavesdropping, modification of messages and common attacks, and low cost, high efficiency, satisfying security and efficient needs of structural features for identifiable authentication in the network service. Generally, MD5 or SHA1 is used. But these algorithms are too cumbersome for the Web authentication of user's identity, and the amount of computation is also too huge. The experimental results show that the scheme guarantees safety at the time, and increases the efficiency of the security authentication

The importance of fluent component skills in mathematical comprehension

The primary question to be addressed by the present study was whether fluency on component skills is important in the development of overall competency in mathematics. Reading fluency has served as an excellent predictor of one’s reading comprehension. However, few studies have investigated whether the fluency on component skills is essential in the development of overall competency in mathematics. In fact, there has been a push for instructional strategies to deemphasize the importance component skills. In the current study, 140 students in second- through fourth- grade classrooms from general education participated. Each student took three curriculum-based measurement probes (a single-skill mathematical computation probe, multiple-skill mathematical computation probes and maze reading passages), a mathematical reasoning probe, the Big Ideas probe and the Stanford Diagnostic Mathematics Test, Fourth Edition. Results of the six assessments were compared to determine if a fluency in component skills will adequately predict students’ mathematical comprehension. Results demonstrated that the fluent component skills are in fact highly related to students’ mathematics comprehension

Martin Gardner and His Influence on Recreational Math

Recreational mathematics is a relatively new field in the world of mathematics. While sometimes overlooked as frivolous since those who practice it need no advanced knowledge of the subject, recreational mathematics is a perfect transition for people to experience the joy in logically establishing a solution. Martin Gardner recognized that this pattern of proving solutions to questions is how mathematics progresses. From his childhood on, Gardner greatly influenced the mathematical world. Although not a mathematician, he inspired many to pursue careers and make advancements in mathematics during his 25-year career with Scientific American. He encouraged novices to expand their knowledge, enlightened professionals of computer science developments, and established his own proofs

The Glitzy Glamour Glitter Girls: Drag Queens, Visual Ethnography and the Ciné Photo-essay

The central argument of the project The Glitzy Glamour Glitter Girls: Drag Queens,Visual Ethnography and the Ciné Photo-essay is that visual and cinematic essays created by artists can operate as a form of visual ethnography. The project, therefore, broadens social understandings of subcultures. The aim is to photograph and film a specific group of drag queens, following their lives and ideas over a 20-year period. The traditional approach of anthropology includes a historical distrust of the visual as scientific data. Within this research project, the practice and boundaries of visual ethnography will be mapped in the friction and fissures created from the intersection of art and social science in practice-led research. The research expands the classifications within the practice and theory of visual ethnography from the distinct genres of photography and film in visual research to include a new hybrid visual form that I designate as ciné moments and the ciné photo-essay. The project uses the archival material of a black-and-white photographic essay captured by the photographer turned filmmaker/researcher as a catalyst to create a new body of work using still and moving images. The research project rememorialisesphotographs taken in The Laneway, which is actually a series of laneways off Hill Street in Surry Hills in Sydney, Australia, during public street parties after gay and lesbian events such as Mardi Gras and Sleaze Ball. The original photographs depict three drag queens, known as the Glitzy Glamour Glitter Girls, and street culture that has disappeared. The photo-essay is an under-theorised subject area within the trajectory of documentary history, according to theorists Timothy Corrigan in The Essay Film: From Montaigne, After Marker (2011) and Philippe Mather in Stanley Kubrick at Look Magazine: Authorship and Genre in Photojournalism and Film (2013). The photo-essay, a series of still photographs that creates a narrative or statement, has been historically tied to print media and photojournalism. The demise of traditional print outlets in the media and the proliferation of online slideshows through the internet have created new horizons for the photo-essay to expand. This project will explore the still and moving essayistic in visual media to find the gaps and overlaps between the traditional and experimental aspects of visual ethnography. Lens-based visual artists and anthropologists Sarah Pink, Trinh T. Minh Ha and Anna Grimshaw expand the margins of the visual within the trajectory of ethnography and methodology. The Glitzy Glamour Glitter Girls: Drag Queens, Visual Ethnography and the Ciné Photo-essay weaves still and moving images into a hybrid form that lifts the mask off a subculture of drag queens in Sydney. The PhD thesis comprises an installed exhibition of still and moving images as a film projection (in an art gallery space) and an exegetical document of 50,000 words that will explicate the methodological process and disciplinary context of the research

Searching for Dead Sea Scribes:a study on using Artificial Intelligence and palaeography for writer identification in correlation with spelling and scribal practices, codicology, handwriting quality, and literary classification systems for Dead Sea Scrolls

My study explores the Dead Sea Scrolls through the lens of individual scribes. Specifically, the practices of individual scribes responsible for penningtwo or more of the Oumran manuscripts. It utilises innovative digital palaeographic methods alongside traditional palaeographic approaches for scribalidentification. It gathers previously un-gathered data on the handwriting, spelling practices, codicological features and literary content of individual scribes. The study explores how this data on scribes both supports and challenges various aspects of theories in the field of Dead Sea Scroll studies, which accept a a sectarian origin for the Qumran manuscripts

Spartan Daily, January 24, 1985

Volume 84, Issue 1https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/7254/thumbnail.jp

Penggunaan Bilangan Nol Dalam Algorithma Matrik Linear Programming

EnglishHistorically, the general problem of linear programming was first developed and applied in 1947 by George B. Dantzig. Programming problems are concerned with the efficient use or allocation of limited resources to meet desired objectives. The linear programming model is simple in its mathematical structure along with the algorithm of linear algebra matrix, a systematic procedure for solving the problem. The application of linear algebra matrix is quite broad. However this algorithm is not without limitation of its own. The algorithm always assume the variables to be continuos; therefore, it is seriously limited. The complication fortunately is well taken care by an integer algorithm which yields only integer solution value. The main objective of this paper is to show the difference solution of linear programming between these algorithm.IndonesianLP atau linear-programming diperkenalkan oleh George B. Dantzig tahun 1947. LP merupakan alat analisis problem optimasi dari suatu fungsi linier dengan nilai variabel yang non negatif dan dibatasi oleh pembatas yang berbentuk suatu sistem persamaan linier juga. Model ini digunakan secara luas, karena kesederhanaan bentuk matematika dan metode penyelesaiannya. Algorithma yang digunakan dalam penyelesaian LP adalah MAL (Matrik Aljabar Linier), yang mempunyai keterbatasan yakni hanya dapat bekerja dalam sistem kontinu. Keterbatasan ini sangat serius. Pertanyaannya adalah apakah penyelesaian LP mendapat dukungan yang canggih dari algorithma MAL?. Oleh karena itu, perlu dikaji bagaimana penyelesaian LP, dengan asumsi diskontinu sebagai pembanding. Makalah ini menfokuskan diskusi pada keterbatasan atau asumsi yang digunakan oleh MAL dalam memecahkan solusi optimum LP, terutama asumsi kontinuitas tersebut. Tujuan utama dari makalah ini adalah memperlihatkan perbedaan penyelesaian optimum LP, antara algorithma kontinu dan diskontinu