Who Do Scientists in Public Research Institutions Cooperate with Private Firms?

As public research institutions are increasingly pressured to transfer research results to industry, evaluation of their performance is not only based on their scientific output but also on their commercialization success. Although it is well known that research cooperation activities are an important channel of knowledge transfer, the knowledge about factors driving research cooperation is limited. This paper explicitly focuses on scientist perspective and investigates the relevance of academic values and perceived costs and benefits of cooperation for a scientist's decision to cooperate with private firms. Our analysis is based on two survey waves performed with scientists in the Max Planck Society in Germany which is a publicly funded research organization focusing on basic research. Our empirical results suggest that open science identity is an important determinant of scientist fundamental decision to cooperate with private firms at all. The decision to keep on cooperating with private firms is directly influenced by cost sharing incentives and by firms' confidentiality requirements. Besides these direct effects, our results suggest that perceived reputational reward, monetary benefits, and time costs associated with cooperation influence cooperation behavior indirectly through their impact on the attractiveness of cooperation. The latter is a strong and robust predictor of cooperation behavior.

Generating science-based growth: an econometric analysis of the impact of organizational incentives on university-industry technology transfer.

In recent years, there has been a rapid rise in commercial knowledge transfers from universities to practitioners or university/industry technology transfer (UITT), via licensing agreements, research joint ventures, and startups. In a previous study in 1999, the authors outlined a production function model to assess the relative efficiency of UITT and conducted field research to identify several organizational factors that could enhance the effectiveness of university management of intellectual property portfolios. This paper extends this framework and evaluates the impact of organizational incentives on the effectiveness of UITT. It is found that universities having more attractive incentive structures for UITT, i.e. those that allocate a higher %age of royalty payments to faculty members, tend to be more efficient in technology transfer activities. University administrators who wish to foster UITT should be mindful of the importance of financial incentives

The strategy of enhancing article citation and H-index on SINTA to improve tertiary reputation

Development of technology as it is today, most students or lecturers in education community write documents or articles digitally. However, there are still many obstacles when searching for a legitimate source of reference and to know whether it contains plagiarism or not. Until present, there are still many students and lecturers who seek references from sources that have not been valid and not yet trusted, but it is considered a fatal mistake for writing articles and also writing thesis or dissertation from untrusted resources. Therefore, Google Scholar system helps to alleviate this problem. Google also facilitates the use of citations or references. The purpose of this research is to identify the number of citation H-Index owned by lecturers at tertiary education and score ranking achieved at tertiary education SINTA (Science and Technology Index) Ristekdikti. Citing an article from another publication is one form of scientific communication by the author or researcher. The large number of citations obtained from an article published in the publication indicates how significant the contributions of the author in improving the quality of the study field. In this study, citation analysis is used as an analysis of all citations which indicate the type of information sources used by students and lecturers in writing the journal as a result of their research. The following research use two methods of analysis: Mind Mapping methods and SWOT Analysis. After conducting research and executing the research strategy, it will result in improving the reputation by increasing the number of citation and lecturer H-Index at Google Scholar which can automatically also increase the affiliations of authors at tertiary education in Google Scholar. Lecturers who have already verified authors in SINTA (Science and Technology Index) Ristekdikti can contribute in improving the rank and number of tertiary education scores on Ristekdikti Science and Technology Index (SINTA). This research produces a comprehensive and straightforward mathematical formula that can be used in understanding SINTA index calculation which will hence improve the enthusiasm of education community in pursuing research as a team as well as individually. Hopefully, with this research, students and lecturers are able to increase their citation and H-index on articles in publications so as to contribute in improving the reputation and quality of universities in the countries

Scientific publication process and its impact on growth of science

13-20Scientific publications are important for researchers to learn about earlier research in an area and also communicate their own research work. It helps the scholar and the publisher to achieve greater visibility to their research and to the reader to learn about an author’s work. This paper reports the scientific publication process and reviews the existing literature on scholarly communication and evaluation. The concept of "stakeholders circle methodology" has been adopted to draw a generalised approach for visualising research impact. In this study, scientific publication process has been divided into two stages: pre-and post-publication. Both these stages have significant impact on the publication process, from communication to dissemination. In the pre-publication stage, various components such as creation (for novelty and integrity), evaluation (for generality and quality), and publishing (for copyright and cost) are discussed. In the post-publication stage, the outcomes (publications, patents and citations) hold significance, particularly in measuring research impact for greater visibility, promotion, rank and reputation

Scientific publication process and its impact on growth of science

Scientific publications are important for researchers to learn about earlier research in an area and also communicate their own research work. It helps the scholar and the publisher to achieve greater visibility to their research and to the reader to learn about an author’s work. This paper reports the scientific publication process and reviews the existing literature on scholarly communication and evaluation. The concept of "stakeholders circle methodology" has been adopted to draw a generalised approach for visualising research impact. In this study, scientific publication process has been divided into two stages: pre-and post-publication. Both these stages have significant impact on the publication process, from communication to dissemination. In the pre-publication stage, various components such as creation (for novelty and integrity), evaluation (for generality and quality), and publishing (for copyright and cost) are discussed. In the post-publication stage, the outcomes (publications, patents and citations) hold significance, particularly in measuring research impact for greater visibility, promotion, rank and reputation

Rewarding mobility? Towards a realistic European policy agenda for academics at risk

This article maps from a critical and comparative perspective how scholars at risk are currently being integrated into the European research infrastructure, as well as in various EU and non-EU Member States. The focus is on three countries ranging from older to newer EU members to one non-EU member state—Hungary, Romania and the United Kingdom—as well as on EU-level organisations. We draw on twelve in-depth interviews conducted with key stakeholders involved in the process of academic migration (non-governmental organisations, EU and national level actors) to identify key issues concerning academics at risk. Finally, we call for a robust EU-level response to an issue that is currently inadequately addressed by national governments, professional associations and NGOs. As we argue, the focus on mobility as a factor supporting research excellence in the regular European research infrastructure can have negative unintended outcomes for scholars at risk. For many of them, rewarding mobility can entail the threat of losing their legal status in temporary places of migration. What is needed is a nuanced approach for scholars at risk in a diverse range of situations, which should involve closer cooperation between international academic bodies and EU policy makers, and complement support for those who need to escape to third countries with the offer of remote work in the country where they are able to obtain a secure residence permit

Motivation: A selected bibliography

A bibliography is presented of books, periodicals, and documents concerning managerial motivation

Introduction: A Perspective from the Humanities—Science Boundary.

The articles in this special issue range across such influences on climate as solar emissions, orbital precession, atmosphere, oceans, and precipitation, and generally approach, each in some context, human implications of these phenomena. The common underlying theme of all of the papers is the effect the phenomena have on radiation balance as measured by global average temperature. This introductory paper undertakes a formulation of radiation balance theory that makes it serviceable to students of regional science. The objective is to go beyond inference of cause and effect by correlation to causal accounts of cause and effect through regional climatic and cultural processes. This is accomplished primarily by revisualization of the energy system with regions as dependent spatiotemporal entities, and temporally through a protocol for regional episode definition

Recommendations for increasing replicability in psychology

Replicability of findings is at the heart of any empirical science. The aim of this article is to move the current replicability debate in psychology towards concrete recommendations for improvement. We focus on research practices but also offer guidelines for reviewers, editors, journal management, teachers, granting institutions, and university promotion committees, highlighting some of the emerging and existing practical solutions that can facilitate implementation of these recommendations. The challenges for improving replicability in psychological science are systemic. Improvement can occur only if changes are made at many levels of practice, evaluation, and reward. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd. </jats:p

Consumo y Producción Responsable en el Antropoceno: Ética Animal y los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible

Els Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible (ODS) són una crida a l'acció per als governs, les organitzacions i la societat civil; una crida per abordar els problemes ambientals i socials del segle XXI. Tot i això, l'Agenda 2030 no se centra en l'ètica animal com una de les claus per tractar aquests temes tan crítics. Els diferents enfocaments ètics sobre l'estatus moral dels animals no humans justifiquen la transició cap a dietes basades en aliments vegetals, no només per les conseqüències ecològiques i geològiques del consum de productes animals, sinó també en concordança amb els principis de justícia. Aquest treball pretén destacar les conseqüències del consum de productes animals a l'Antropocè. L'ésser humà ha esdevingut una força geològica: L'Antropocè és la nova època geològica desencadenada per l'activitat humana que reemplaça l'Holocè. Els seus efectes tenen un gran impacte sobre la biodiversitat, la desforestació, els recursos hídrics, el clima i la salut. Les línies següents exploren la necessitat de desenvolupar un criteri normatiu per a l'ús de la tecnologia per protegir l'estat moral dels animals no humans: la innovació tecnològica s'ha de centrar en el desenvolupament d'alternatives per als aliments d'origen animal.The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a call for action to governments, organizations and civil society, a call for addressing the environmental and social problems of the 21st century. However, the 2030 Agenda does not focus on animal ethics as one of the keys to addressing these critical issues. The different ethical approaches to the moral status of non-human animals justify the transition to plant-based diets, not only because of the ecological and geological consequences of animal-product consumption but also in accordance with the principles of justice. This work highlights the consequences of animal-product consumption in the Anthropocene. The human being has become a geological force: The Anthropocene is the new geological epoch triggered by human activity that replaces the Holocene. Its effects have a major impact on biodiversity, deforestation, water resources, climate and health. This paper explores the need to develop a normative criterion for technology use to protect the moral status of non-human animals: technological innovation should be focused on the development of animal source foods alternatives.Los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS) son un llamado a la acción para los gobiernos, organizaciones y sociedad civil; un llamamiento para abordar los problemas ambientales y sociales del siglo XXI. Sin embargo, la Agenda 2030 no se centra en la ética animal como una de las claves para tratar estos temas tan críticos. Los diferentes enfoques éticos sobre el estatus moral de los animales no-humanos justifican la transición hacia dietas basadas en alimentos vegetales, no solo por las consecuencias ecológicas y geológicas del consumo de productos animales, sino también en concordancia con los principios de justicia. Este trabajo pretende destacar las consecuencias del consumo de productos animales en el Antropoceno. El ser humano se ha convertido en una fuerza geológica: El Antropoceno es la nueva época geológica desencadenada por la actividad humana que reemplaza al Holoceno. Sus efectos tienen un gran impacto sobre la biodiversidad, la deforestación, los recursos hídricos, el clima y la salud. Las siguientes líneas exploran la necesidad de desarrollar un criterio normativo para el uso de la tecnología para proteger el estado moral de los animales no-humanos: la innovación tecnológica debe centrarse en el desarrollo de alternativas para los alimentos de origen animal