A Critical Review on Energy-Efficient Medium Access Control for Wireless and Mobile Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has garnered remarkable attention due to its wide supports for plenty of applications such as, health systems; military based applications, environmental monitoring, and tactical system. In ContentionBased Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols related to the energy consumption. In this paper, a combative review of energy consumption in Contention-Based MAC protocols was provided. Furthermore, a general comparison that stated the strengths and drawbacks with every utilized technique was offered. The main aim of this paper is to assist the researcher to choose the right protocol for developing purpose or further investigation regarding the performance

A critical review on energy-efficient medium access control for wireless and mobile sensor networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) has garnered remarkable attention due to its wide supports for plenty of applications such as, health systems; military based applications, environmental monitoring, and tactical system. In Contention Based Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols related to the energy consumption. In this paper, a combative review of energy consumption in Contention-Based MAC protocols was provided. Furthermore, a general comparison that stated the strengths and drawbacks with every utilized technique was offered. The main aim of this paper is to assist the researcher to choose the right protocol for developing purpose or further investigation regarding the performance

Energy Efficient Handover Management in Cluster Based Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensors are compact-size, low power, inexpensive devices which are capable to measure local environmental conditions or other parameters such as temperature, acceleration, and forward such information to a sink for proper processing. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been under development by both academic and industrial societies for a while. By moving toward applications such as the area of medical care and disaster response mobility in wireless sensor networks has attracted a lot of attentions. In energy constraint sensor network, mobility handling introduces unique challenges in aspects like resource management, coverage, routing protocols, security, etc. This paper, proposes an energy-efficient mobility-aware MAC protocol to handle node handover among different clusters. The simulation-based experiments show that the proposed protocol has better performance compared to the existing S-MAC method

Energy Efficient Handover Management in Cluster Based Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensors are compact-size, low power, inexpensive devices which are capable to measure local environmental conditions or other parameters such as temperature, acceleration, and forward such information to a sink for proper processing. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have been under development by both academic and industrial societies for a while. By moving toward applications such as the area of medical care and disaster response mobility in wireless sensor networks has attracted a lot of attentions. In energy constraint sensor network, mobility handling introduces unique challenges in aspects like resource management, coverage, routing protocols, security, etc. This paper, proposes an energy-efficient mobility-aware MAC protocol to handle node handover among different clusters. The simulation-based experiments show that the proposed protocol has better performance compared to the existing S-MAC method

Reduce energy consumption in the wireless sensor network by using EEL-MAC protocol

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes are broadly used in various sectors. Over the years, WSN has emerged as an enabler to collect and process data from remote locations or disaster areas. WSNs rely on hardware simplicity to make sensor field deployments both affordable and long-lasting without maintenance support. However, the WSN nodes experience a lot of problems such as, overhearing, collision, hidden terminal, idle listening and high latency, which resulted in high energy consumption, thus limiting the lifetime of the node. Moreover, WSN nodes are strongly dependent on their limited battery power, and replenishing them again is difficult. Therefore, this research investigates the energy-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocols designed to extend both the lifetime by effective energy management through a reduction in idle time and increased sleep time for nodes to save energy. This study also aims to reduce the latency between nodes and sink node. The EEL-MAC hybrid MAC protocol starts by a synchronization phase using TDMA to synchronize all nodes in the sensor field. In the second phase the scheme uses the CSMA mechanism for communication between nodes and the sink node. In this study makes two significant contributions to wireless sensor networks. First, the EEL-MAC protocol offers significant energy savings and prolongs network lifetime. The second contribution is the introduction of high response, by designing a one-hop communication to reduce both end-to-end delay and latency

Power Saving MAC Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Performance Assessment Analysis

Wireless sensor networks are an emerging technology that is used to monitor points or objects of interest in an area. Despite its many applications, this kind of network is often limited by the fact that it is difficult to provide energy to the nodes continuously, forcing the use of batteries, which restricts its operations. Network density may also lead to other problems. Sparse networks require stronger transmissions and have little redundancy while dense networks increase the chances of overhearing and interference. To address these problems, many novel medium access control (MAC) protocols have been developed through the years. The objective of this study is to assess the effectiveness of the T-MAC, B-MAC, and RI-MAC protocols in a variable density network used to collect data inside freight trucks carrying fruits that perish quickly. This article is part of the PrunusPós project, which aims to increase the efficiency of peach and cherry farming in Portugal. The comparison was done using the OMNET++ simulation framework. Our analysis covers the behavior and energetic properties of these protocols as the density of the network increases and shows that RI-MAC is more adaptable and consumes less energy than the alternatives.This study is within the activities of project “PrunusPós - Optimization of processes for the storage, cold conservation, active and/or intelligent packaging and food quality traceability in post-harvested fruit products”, project n. º PDR2020-101-031695, Partnership n.º 87, initiative n.º 175, promoted by PDR 2020 and co-funded by FEADER within Portugal 2020. P.D.G. thanks the support of Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT) and C-MAST - Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technologies, under project UIDB/00151/2020. V. N. G. J. S. and J. M. L. P. C. acknowledge that this work is funded by FCT/MCTES through national funds and when applicable co-funded EU funds under the project UIDB/50008/2020. The authors would also like to acknowledge the company InspiringSci, Lda for its interest and valuable contribution to the successful development of this work.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An Efficient Clustering Technique for Mobile Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless applications are emerging in today’s world especially for monitoring purposes. The key issue in handling this type of communication is the battery lifetime. Clustering is implemented where grouping of wireless nodes are done to extend the network lifespan by reducing number of long distance communications. However, this clustering technique are seldom implemented on mobile nodes. This limits the wireless application, making clusters unrealistic to be implemented on wireless mobile application. This paper aims to study the behaviour and performance of clustering technique applied on mobile wireless sensor nodes. LEACH clustering algorithm will be implemented on random mobility network. The simulation is done by MATLAB software. Nodes with higher mobile weightage are proven to work better at its initial lifecycle but degrade faster with time. When compared with static nodes, the performance of mobile nodes is better at an early stage, but worsen with time

Key revocation in wireless sensor networks: a survey on a less-addressed yet vital issue

Key management in wireless sensor network (WSN) includes two important aspects namely key distribution, which constitutes the task of distributing secret keys to nodes in the network, and key revocation, which refers to the task of securely withdrawing the key information relating to any compromised node or because of tactical reasons. While in the existing literature, key distribution has been extensively studied, key revocation has received relatively little attention. A vital security issue like this needs proper recognition to be considered as a critical research area, not just as a partial segment of key management. With this motivation, in this paper, we present our rationale behind recognising the area and analyse the state-of-the-art key revocation techniques. Alongside our survey on the prominent schemes, we also present an analysis of security and performance that highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each scheme that explicitly mentions the method of key revocation

Power saving MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks: a survey

In a wireless sensor network, energy is almost always the greatest limitation. Energy sources are restricted in many of the environments where nodes are deployed, limiting them to the use of batteries for power. Therefore, conserving energy is supremely important, however, such a task poses many challenges to hardware and protocol design. One of the greatest problems faced is reducing the energy consumption of the communications systems, which represents a substantial amount of the total consumption. This paper surveys the most recent schemes designed to reduce the communications module energy consumption with a focus on novel MAC protocols for ad-hoc wireless sensor networks. It initially describes the many challenges involved, then it analyses each protocol individually. Finally, the presented protocols are compared and the issues that remain open are raised for further research

Power saving MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks: a survey

In a wireless sensor network, energy is almost always the greatest limitation. Energy sources are restricted in many of the environments where nodes are deployed, limiting them to the use of batteries for power. Therefore, conserving energy is supremely important, however, such a task poses many challenges to hardware and protocol design. One of the greatest problems faced is reducing the energy consumption of the communications systems, which represents a substantial amount of the total consumption. This paper surveys the most recent schemes designed to reduce the communications module energy consumption with a focus on novel MAC protocols for ad-hoc wireless sensor networks. It initially describes the many challenges involved, then it analyses each protocol individually. Finally, the presented protocols are compared and the issues that remain open are raised for further research.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio