Integrating IoT and Novel Approaches to Enhance Electromagnetic Image Quality using Modern Anisotropic Diffusion and Speckle Noise Reduction Techniques

Electromagnetic imaging is becoming more important in many sectors, and this requires high-quality pictures for reliable analysis. This study makes use of the complementary relationship between IoT and current image processing methods to improve the quality of electromagnetic images. The research presents a new framework for connecting Internet of Things sensors to imaging equipment, allowing for instantaneous input and adjustment. At the same time, the suggested system makes use of sophisticated anisotropic diffusion algorithms to bring out key details and hide noise in electromagnetic pictures. In addition, a cutting-edge technique for reducing speckle noise is used to combat this persistent issue in electromagnetic imaging. The effectiveness of the suggested system was determined via a comparison to standard imaging techniques. There was a noticeable improvement in visual sharpness, contrast, and overall clarity without any loss of information, as shown by the results. Incorporating IoT sensors also facilitated faster calibration and real-time modifications, which opened up new possibilities for use in contexts with a high degree of variation. In fields where electromagnetic imaging plays a crucial role, such as medicine, remote sensing, and aerospace, the ramifications of this study are far-reaching. Our research demonstrates how the Internet of Things (IoT) and cutting-edge image processing have the potential to dramatically improve the functionality and versatility of electromagnetic imaging systems

Digital radiographic image enhancement for weld defect detection using smoothing and morphological transformations / Suhaila Abdul Halim, Arsmah Ibrahim and Yupiter Harangan Prasada Manurung

Accurate inspection ofweldedmaterials is important in relation to achieve acceptable standards. Radiography, a non-destructive test method, is commonly used to evaluate the internal condition ofa material with respect to defect detection. Thepresence ofnoise in low resolution ofradiographic images significantly complicates analysis; therefore attaining higher quality radiographic images makes defect detection more readily achievable. This paper presents a study pertaining to the quality enhancement of radiographic images with respect to different types of defects. A series of digital radiographic weld flaw images were smoothed using multiple smoothing techniques to remove inherent noise followed by top and bottom hat morphological transformations. Image quality was evaluated quantitatively with respect to SNR, PSNR andMAE. The results indicate that smoothing enhances the quality ofradiographic images, thereby promoting defect detection with the respect to original radiographic images

Analysis, Modeling and Generation of Traditional Lao Woven Textile

Traditional Lao textiles are wealth in religious motifs, the motifs and patterns on the textiles reflect traditions, beliefs and livelihood of people. The creativity in playing with motifs and patterns represents valuable cultural heritage on clothes that seriously needs to be preserved and protected before it is depleted. The structure of Lao motifs and patterns are complicated, but weaving processes still use traditional techniques and simple floor-loom. Therefore, it takes a lot of time for making a weave-draft on the loom and percentage of losing weave-drafts is very high. In contrast, industrial textiles use electronic loom and digital weave-drafts to produce fabrics, which are suitable for fast production but lack complicated traditional patterns. As a result, in this research we investigated different scientific algorithms for digitizing motifs, patterns and weave-drafts of Lao textiles in order to fill the gap between traditional and modern weave techniques, and to improve processes of design and weaving. We developed three design Lao Textile (LT) modules for digitizing leading to international standard formats which are understandable and usable for both hand-weavers and weaving machines. The LT-Tieup module provides motifs and patterns construction. The LT-Weave is for motifs and patterns modification, and the LT-Design module is for textile design and visualization. All the digitized motifs and patterns are archived on our online repository for cultural preservation purpose, the online repository is a tool to store weave-drafts and for communication among researchers, weavers and cultural heritage experts. Experiment results of our research show that our approach closes the gap between traditional weaving and digital weave representations, fulfilling the aim of our project

A discourse on housing based on cultural meanings in Malaysia

The central aim of the thesis is building a discourse on housing, highlighting the necessity to maintain quality through sustaining the cultural meanings, which originate from nature, cosmology, worldviews, and traditional values of Malaysian society. The thesis critically addresses the housing policies and strategies, in which the visions of quality are still very ambiguous. The Malaysian government has adopted a housing policy, which imposes homogeneity and similarity on the diverse multicultural ethnic societies that are affluent with indigenous knowledge, tradition and unique identities in their dwelling architectures.The research approach is divided into three major parts, and the conclusion. The aim of Part One is to draw attention to the Malaysian housing phenomena and the thesis aspiration. The first chapter covers the country background and its social -cultural context. Despite the cultural diversity, the Malaysians possess a common attitude towards nature. The thesis identifies the philosophical notion of boundary, as a valuable intellectual tool in developing an indigenous model for housing. Boundary has subconsciously driven the formation of various cultural and architectural identities in the Malaysian indigenous dwelling environment. The second chapter continues the process of enlightening the housing discourse by clarifying the need to decipher the meanings related to housing, human perceptions, and aestheticsThe second part of the thesis discourse establishes three chapters, which form the philosophical structure of the thesis. The aim of Part Two is to demonstrate the components of cultural meanings, which are the motivating forces responsible for the formation of indigenous dwelling architecture. For the purpose of the research, the study concentrates on the indigenous Malay society as the focus group. This part explores on the qualities originating from the indigenous worldviews of the Malay society, followed by identification of the characteristics of the indigenous model, including the notions of adaptation, sustainability and boundary. The end chapter of Part Two is an intellectual discourse, which supports the main components of the indigenous model.Part Three is the empirical study, in which the author gains insights directly from examining people's perceptions, i.e. from the open -ended questionnaire survey and the indigenous dwelling typologies survey analysis. The aim is to explore the relationship between people and the qualities of living environment through the contribution of cultural meanings. The study enhances more on what the author have already done in the deductive part (Part Two). The outcome of the empirical studies demonstrates the manifestation of these notions in different indigenous dwelling architectural typologies and works of art.The conclusion chapter distils the information gained from the findings of both theoretical framework and empirical studies, by identifying the crucial domains for obtaining quality through cultural meanings in the living environment. It also provides recommendations concerning the future housing policy, strategies, planning, and design guidelines for housing in which the architects, planners and housing authorities are able to interpret, and implement in search of a national architectural identity for housing in Malaysia, which is tolerant, sustainable and unifying

3D Mapping of Islamic Geometric Motifs

In this thesis a novel approach in generating 3D IGP is applied using shape grammar, an effective pattern generation method. The particular emphasis here is to generate the motifs (repeat unit) in 3D using parameterization, which can then be manipulated within 3D space to construct architectural structures. Three unique distinctive shape grammar algorithms were developed in 3D; Parameterized Shape Grammar (PSG), Auto-Parameterized Shape Grammar (APSG) and Volumetric Shell Shape Grammar (VSSG). Firstly, the PSG generates the motifs in 3D. It allows one to use a single changeable regular 3D polygon, and forms a motif by given grammar rules including, Euclidean transformations and Boolean operations. Next, APSG was used to construct the architectural structures that manipulates the motif by automating the grammar rules. The APSG forms a wall, a column, a self-similarity star and a dome, the main features of Islamic architecture. However, applying Euclidean transformations to create non-Euclidean surfaces resulted in gaps and or overlaps which does not form a perfect tessellation. This is improved upon by the VSSM, which integrates two key methods, shell mapping and coherent point drift, to map an aesthetically accurate 3D IGM on a given surface. This work has successfully presented methods for creating complex intricate 3D Islamic Geometric Motifs (IGM), and provided an efficient mapping technique to form visually appealing decorated structures.Partially funded by the Centre of Visual Computing (CVC

Project based-learning based on I-STEM (Islamic, Science, Technology, and Mathematics) to facilitate the development of geometric critical thinking skills of first middle students

In line with the 21st century, mathematics learning innovations continue to be developed to facilitate students' critical thinking skills by adjusting the context of their religious life. The purpose of this study is to provide ideas that teachers can do to implement Project Based Learning (PjBL) with a STEM (I-STEM) approach that is used to facilitate the development of students' critical thinking skills. The pattern of integration that is designed lies in the flat plane geometry material with the integration of the verses of the Koran and the internalization of Islamic values, with the hope of being able to create meaningful learning activities for students. This research is a qualitative research with library research. Data collection techniques are carried out through reviewing the literature, both from articles, books, and other documents that can be used to describe theories and information needed in research. The data analysis technique used is content analysis (content analysis). The results of this study are the I-STEM-based PjBL syntax includes 1) basic questions (integration with the verses of the Koran presented in the LKPD); 2) designing project plans (miniature Kaaba); 3) draw up a project completion schedule; 4) monitor project progress; 5) test project results (and compare with other problems); and 6) evaluate the learning experience. I-STEM-based PjBL was developed to facilitate the development of students' critical thinking skills through syntax and LKPD which were developed adapted to the context of Islamic life and the Koran at the junior high school level

Project based-learning based on I-STEM (Islamic, Science, Technology, and Mathematics) to facilitate the development of geometric critical thinking skills of first middle students

In line with the 21st century, mathematics learning innovations continue to be developed to facilitate students' critical thinking skills by adjusting the context of their religious life. The purpose of this study is to provide ideas that teachers can do to implement Project Based Learning (PjBL) with a STEM (I-STEM) approach that is used to facilitate the development of students' critical thinking skills. The pattern of integration that is designed lies in the flat plane geometry material with the integration of the verses of the Koran and the internalization of Islamic values, with the hope of being able to create meaningful learning activities for students. This research is a qualitative research with library research. Data collection techniques are carried out through reviewing the literature, both from articles, books, and other documents that can be used to describe theories and information needed in research. The data analysis technique used is content analysis (content analysis). The results of this study are the I-STEM-based PjBL syntax includes 1) basic questions (integration with the verses of the Koran presented in the LKPD); 2) designing project plans (miniature Kaaba); 3) draw up a project completion schedule; 4) monitor project progress; 5) test project results (and compare with other problems); and 6) evaluate the learning experience. I-STEM-based PjBL was developed to facilitate the development of students' critical thinking skills through syntax and LKPD which were developed adapted to the context of Islamic life and the Koran at the junior high school level

ASYMMETRY INFORMATION: INVESTORS TRUST REFLECTION TOWARD QUALITY OF EARNINGS

This article aims to describe the investors' trust toward quality of earnings reflection proxied by earnings response coeffisient (ERC). The study was conducted on 296 manufacturing companies that meet the criteria of observations in 2011 to 2015. The variables used in this research is the board of directors, audit comitee, the independent board as exogenous variables, information asymmetry as an intervening variable and earnings response coeffisient (ERC) as an endogenous variable by means of persistency as control variables. The board of directors and the independent board in this article as a proxy of corporate governance show the effect on the information gap represented by information asymmetry, while the audit comitee Showed the opposite effect. Information gaps provide explanatory power on the reflection of investor confidence in the quality of earnings that are Reported company