The return of brucellosis

Brucellosis, also known under the names of Undulant fever, Mediterranean fever and Malta fever is closely linked with Malta’s medical history and for long endemic to our Islands. Every reported case was investigated by the medical officers of health who contacted the head of each affected household for an epidemiological enquiry including a food history. All these cases were associated with the consumption of fresh cheeselets made from unpasteurised milk. During the investigation some 900 kgs of cheeselets from 27 producers, 12 wholesalers and 384 retailers were seized and tested.peer-reviewe

The Caddo Archaeological Record in the Saline Creek and County Line Creek Valleys in Cherokee and Smith Counties, Texas

Both the Saline and County Line creeks in the upper Neches River basin were habitats where significant numbers of Caddo peoples lived in ancestral times. As with recent studies of the ancestral Caddo archaeology of the nearby Caddo Creek valley and the San Pedro Creek valley, the purpose of this consideration of the known archaeological record of Caddo settlement in the Saline and County Line creek valleys is to explore the nature of their permanent use during the lengthy native history of Caddo peoples in East Texas between ca. A.D. 900-1838

Interview with Surendra Nihal Singh: Commonwealth Oral History Project

Interview with Surendra Nihal Singh, conducted 21 May 2013 as part of the Commonwealth Oral History Project. The project aims to produce a unique digital research resource on the oral history of the Commonwealth since 1965 through sixty oral history interviews with leading figures in the recent history of the organisation. It will provide an essential research tool for anyone investigating the history of the Commonwealth and will serve to promote interest in and understanding of the organisation. Biography: Surendra Nihal Singh is a columnist and journalist, and former editor of The Statesman. He was a foreign correspondent in Moscow, London, the United States, and Indonesia, and most of his assignments were for The Statesman. He won the prestigious International Editor of the Year Award in New York for his role in opposing Indira Gandhi’s emergency in mid-1975. His publications include The Yogi and the Bear/A study of Indo- Soviet Relations; Ink in my veins/A Life in Journalism; and The Gang and 900 million/A China Diary

Germany and the Middle East: A Cultural History, 900-2000

The University Archives has determined that this item is of continuing value to OSU's history.This book-length study seeks to contribute to current discussions regarding the relationship of Europe/North America to the Middle East. Through an analysis of cultural material, the study explores the changing interaction between German-speaking and Middle Eastern states and empires, from the tenth century to the present day.Mershon Center for International Security Studiesproject summar

Ancient west Eurasian ancestry in southern and eastern Africa

The history of southern Africa involved interactions between indigenous hunter-gatherers and a range of populations that moved into the region. Here we use genome-wide genetic data to show that there are at least two admixture events in the history of Khoisan populations (southern African hunter-gatherers and pastoralists who speak non-Bantu languages with click consonants). One involved populations related to Niger-Congo-speaking African populations, and the other introduced ancestry most closely related to west Eurasian (European or Middle Eastern) populations. We date this latter admixture event to approximately 900-1,800 years ago, and show that it had the largest demographic impact in Khoisan populations that speak Khoe-Kwadi languages. A similar signal of west Eurasian ancestry is present throughout eastern Africa. In particular, we also find evidence for two admixture events in the history of Kenyan, Tanzanian, and Ethiopian populations, the earlier of which involved populations related to west Eurasians and which we date to approximately 2,700 - 3,300 years ago. We reconstruct the allele frequencies of the putative west Eurasian population in eastern Africa, and show that this population is a good proxy for the west Eurasian ancestry in southern Africa. The most parsimonious explanation for these findings is that west Eurasian ancestry entered southern Africa indirectly through eastern Africa.Comment: Added additional simulations, some additional discussio

Investigation of shock waves in explosive blasts using fibre optic pressure sensors

The published version of this article may be accessed at the link below. Copyright @ IOP Publishing, 2006.We describe miniature all-optical pressure sensors, fabricated by wafer etching techniques, less than 1 mm(2) in overall cross-section with rise times in the mu s regime and pressure ranges typically 900 kPa (9 bar). Their performance is suitable for experimental studies of the pressure-time history for test models exposed to shocks initiated by an explosive charge. The small size and fast response of the sensors promises higher quality data than has been previously available from conventional electrical sensors, with potential improvements to numerical models of blast effects. Results from blast tests are presented in which up to six sensors were multiplexed, embedded within test models in a range of orientations relative to the shock front.Support from the UK Engineering&Physical Sciences Research Council and Dstl Fort Halstead through the MoD Joint Grants Scheme are acknowledged. WN MacPherson is supported by an EPSRC Advanced Research Fellowship

The Effect of Kangaroo Mother Care Method Toward Weight Gain and Length of Stay Among Low Birth Weight Baby

Infant mortality needs to get serious attention. Special efforts are relatively easy and inexpensive in the handling and care is through treatment methods can improve the stability ofKangaroo Mother Care(KMC) for babies and breastfeeding.The effort hopefully will contribute to weight gain which take effect on the duration of treatment. The study design was Quasi Experiment with Prepost one group design. Samples were mothers with a history of low birth weight deliveries, with sample selection technique in consecutive sampling and sample number 36 babies. The samples criteria were infants birth weight between 1,000-2,100 gr, weight of infant when KMC was started between 900-2,100 gr, weight of infants post KMC were 1,300-2,500 gr, babies born with premature or small period of pregnancy. KMC method has the potential to improve the Weight on Low Birth Weight (LBW).Duration of KMC has no effect on weight gain but can accelerate the length of LBW in hospital. The longer do KMC, the shorter duration of hospital LBW in hospital. LBW should be treated KMC to accelerate weight gain and reducing the length of hospitalization

2. Toynbee and the Cyclical Pattern of History

There has been recently a return on the part of some writers to the Greek theory that the course of history follows a cyclical pattern. An important motivation for this return is the conviction that neither the theory of progress nor the classical Christian understanding of history can explain the setback which has befallen Western culture. One of the most famous explanations of the current dilemma to employ this pattern was that offered by the German writer, Oswald Spengler (1880-1936), in the Decline of the West (1918-1922). Drawing his analogy from biology, Spengler argued that each civilization has a life cycle of its own, in the course of which it passes from youth to senility and final decay. He concluded that its life span approximated 1000 years, thus providing himself with a timetable by means of which he could predict the future of Western culture. Since he believed that Western Civilization has begun about the year 900, he felt certain that it had just about run its course. What he regarded as a great dearth of creative art and philosophy in recent times only confirmed his prediction. Appearing as it did as World War I was ending, a war which many had believed the progress of man had rendered highly unlikely, Spengler\u27s book gained considerable notoriety. It influenced a young British historian, Arnold J. Toynbee, who was then thinking along some of the very same lines Spengler traced. [excerpt

ІСТОРІЯ СЕРЕДНЬОВІЧНОГО І РАННЬОМОДЕРНОГО ОСТРОГА НА СТОРІНКАХ ЗБІРНИКІВ «ОСТРІГ НА ПОРОЗІ 900-РІЧЧЯ». (History of medieval and early modern Ostroh in papers of collections «Ostrih into doorstep of the 900th). ANNIVERSARY»).

У статті аналізуються матеріали науково-краєзнавчих конференцій та матеріали Острозьких конференцій «Остріг на порозі 900-річ-чя», які стосуються історії міста вищезазначеного періоду. (The article analyses materials of scientific Conferences of study of a region and materials of Ostrizkich's Conferences «Ostrih into doorstep of the 900th anniversary», which refers to history of town of appointed period.