Spatial inequality in the Southeast Asian Intercity Transport Network

Spatial inequality in transport access is both the driver and outcome of rising economic inequality in Southeast Asia. Unlike many regional disparity studies that focus on national economic indicators, this paper takes an urban network approach to assess the spatial inequality in Southeast Asian intercity transport network. We analyze urban connectivity in intercity road, rail, and air networks for a total of 47 Southeast Asian cities. Spatial inequality at the city and network level is revealed via centrality measures and community detection, respectively. Gini coefficients for individual centrality rankings point to a hierarchical degree distribution, a rather even distribution of closeness centrality, and a highly concentrated distribution of betweenness centrality. Four network communities are identified, reflecting the influences of entrenched uneven development, fragmented geography, and economic and political policies

A UX model for the evaluation of learners' experience on lms platforms over time

Although user experience (UX) is dynamic and evolves over time, prior research reported that the learners' experience models developed so far were only for the static evaluation of learners' experiences. So far, no model has been developed for the dynamic summative evaluation of the UX of LMS platforms over time. The objective of this study is to build a UX model that will be used to evaluate learners' experience on LMS over time. The study reviewed relevant literature with the goal of conceptualizing a theoretical model. The Stimuli-Organism-Response (SOR) framework was deployed to model the experience engineering process. To verify the model, 6 UX experts were involved. The model was also validated using a quasi-experimental design involving 900 students. The evaluation was conducted in four time points, once a week for four weeks. From the review, a conceptual UX model was developed for the evaluation of learners' experience with LMS design over time. The outcome of the model verification shows that the experts agreed that the model is adequate for the evaluation of learners' experience on LMS. The results of the model validation indicate that the model was highly statistically significant over time (Week 1: x2(276) = 273 I 9.339, Week2: x2(276) = 23419.626, Week3: x2(276) =18941.900, Week4: x2(276) = 27580.397, p=000<0.01). Each design quality had strong positive effects on the learners' cognitive, sensorimotor and affective states respectively. Furthermore, each of the three organismic states: cognitive, sensorimotor, and affective, had strong positive influence on learners' overall learning experience. These results imply that the experience engineering process was successful. The study fills a significant gap in knowledge by contributing a novel UX model for the evaluation of learners' experience on LMS platforms over time. UX quality assurance practitioners can also utilize the model in the verification and validation of learner experience over tim

Personaliti remaja dalam penulisan blog

Past studies have shown that teenagers have different personality styles while communicating face-to-face and in writing. The difference in communication styles of these two mediums result in individual personalities having their true selves difficult to be recognized, especially in writing. The personality that exists through writing causes individuals to become independent and act irrationally on the Internet. This issue is particularly alarming, especially among teenagers in Malaysia who make up the highest number of Internet users in Malaysia. Based on the Big Five's Personality Theory, the present study was conducted to examine how teenagers communicate by using texts on the internet, in terms of: a) personality traits of all blog posts written by teenagers in 2012; b) language use in blog postings for each personality trait; and c) factors affecting personality traits in blog posts. The informants in the study consisted of two teenagers. They were screened out of 40 teenagers, aged between 16 and 19, who were active in blogging on the internet, having written 55 blog posts throughout 2012. Every blog post created throughout the year 2012 is then classified by the use of words in its text. The use of words in the text is then adjusted to the five personality traits to show the factors that influence them.The findings showed that emotion is the main factor which influenced the teenagers' personality traits in writing on the internet. The analysis of the blog posts showed the occurrences of all the five personality traits of the Big Five's Personality Theory which are Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness and Neuroticism. In conclusion. this study has been able to assess teenagers' personality traits in blog writing compared to face-to-face. Besides, this study helps to identify teenagers' personality via blog writing and characteristics based on the five traits in the Big Five's Personality Theory

Análisis de los Tweets de los minoristas de alimentación que operan en España y UK. Cómo el análisis del contenido generado por los usuarios en Twitter puede ayudar a las cooperativas agroalimentarias a establecer mejores relaciones con sus clientes

Twitter is an outstanding social media platform that food firms are using to share information with consumers. This research aims to determine the behavior of different food retailers in Spain and the UK in relation to Twitter to shed light on their interests and similarities. This study collected and analyzed a total of 54,000 tweets from 17 food retailers from the social media platform Twitter. Analyzing food retailers’ generated content on Twitter by wordcount, content analysis and social network analysis, several characteristics were detected that could be relevant for suppliers of these food retailers. The output reveals differences among food retailers as well as groups with different strategies within each market and confirms the potential of Twitter data as an information source for conducting marketing studies. Similarly, we found that the adoption of Twitter data analytics by marketing managers of agrifood cooperatives could be very useful for advancing customer-centric strategies. Finally, this research presents its limitations and proposes new lines of future work.Twitter es una destacada plataforma de medios sociales utilizada ampliamente por las empresas alimentarias para compartir información con los consumidores. Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar el comportamiento en Twitter de diferentes minoristas de alimentación que operan en España y el Reino Unido para arrojar luz sobre sus intereses y afinidades. El estudio recopiló y analizó un total de 54.000 tweets de las cuentas oficiales de Twitter de 17 minoristas de alimentación. Analizando el contenido generado por los minoristas de alimentación en Twitter con el recuento de palabras, el análisis de contenido generado por estos usuarios y el análisis de redes sociales, se detectaron algunas características que podrían ser relevantes para los proveedores de estos minoristas de alimentación. La identificación de las diferencias en la actividad y las comunicaciones en Twitter, así como también las afinidades entre algunos de ellos, confirman el potencial de los datos de Twitter como fuente de información para realizar estudios de marketing en general. Del mismo modo, descubrimos que la adopción de la analítica de datos de Twitter por los responsables de marketing de las cooperativas agroalimentarias podría ser muy útil para avanzar en las estrategias centradas en el cliente. Finalmente, la investigación presenta las limitaciones y propone nuevas líneas de trabajo futuro.Escuela de Estudios CooperativosFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesTRUEpu

Data S1: Data

We present the evaluation of two well-known, low-cost consumer-grade EEG devices: the Emotiv EPOC and the Neurosky MindWave. Problems with using the consumer-grade EEG devices (BCI illiteracy, poor technical characteristics, and adverse EEG artefacts) are discussed. The experimental evaluation of the devices, performed with 10 subjects asked to perform concentration/relaxation and blinking recognition tasks, is given. The results of statistical analysis show that both devices exhibit high variability and non-normality of attention and meditation data, which makes each of them difficult to use as an input to control tasks. BCI illiteracy may be a significant problem, as well as setting up of the proper environment of the experiment. The results of blinking recognition show that using the Neurosky device means recognition accuracy is less than 50%, while the Emotiv device has achieved a recognition accuracy of more than 75%; for tasks that require concentration and relaxation of subjects, the Emotiv EPOC device has performed better (as measured by the recognition accuracy) by ∼9%. Therefore, the Emotiv EPOC device may be more suitable for control tasks using the attention/meditation level or eye blinking than the Neurosky MindWave device

Simulation and fabrication of micro magnetometer using flip-chip bonding technique

Magnetic field detection has been widely accepted in many applications such as military systems, outer space exploration and even in medical diagnosis and treatment. Low magnetic field detection is particularly important in tracking of magnetic markers in digestive tracks or blood vessels. The presence of magnetic fields’ strength and direction can be detected by a device known as magnetometer. A magnetometer that is durable, room temperature operation and having non-movable components is chooses for this project. Traditional magnetometer tends to be bulky that hinders its inclusion into micro-scaled environment. This concern has brought the magnetometer into the trend of device miniaturization. Miniaturized magnetometer is usually fabricated using conventional microfabrication method particularly surface micromachining in which micro structures are built level by level starting from the surface of substrates upwards until completion of final structure. Although the miniaturization of magnetometer has been widely researched and studied, the process however is not. Thus, the process governing the fabrication technique is studied in this paper. Conventional method of fabrication is known as surface micromachining. Besides time consuming, this method requires many consecutive steps in fabrication process and careful alignment of patterns on every layer which increase the complexity. Hence, studies are done to improve time consuming and reliability of the microfabrication process. The objective of this research includes designing micro scale magnetometer and complete device fabrication processes. A micro-scale search coil magnetometer of 15 windings with 600μm thickness of wire and 300μm distance between each wire has been designed. Keywords: Magnetometer, microfabrication, miniaturization, micro-scale

A Survey of Smart Classroom Literature

Recently, there has been a substantial amount of research on smart classrooms, encompassing a number of areas, including Information and Communication Technology, Machine Learning, Sensor Networks, Cloud Computing, and Hardware. Smart classroom research has been quickly implemented to enhance education systems, resulting in higher engagement and empowerment of students, educators, and administrators. Despite decades of using emerging technology to improve teaching practices, critics often point out that methods miss adequate theoretical and technical foundations. As a result, there have been a number of conflicting reviews on different perspectives of smart classrooms. For a realistic smart classroom approach, a piecemeal implementation is insufficient. This survey contributes to the current literature by presenting a comprehensive analysis of various disciplines using a standard terminology and taxonomy. This multi-field study reveals new research possibilities and problems that must be tackled in order to integrate interdisciplinary works in a synergic manner. Our analysis shows that smart classroom is a rapidly developing research area that complements a number of emerging technologies. Moreover, this paper also describes the co-occurrence network of technological keywords using VOSviewer for an in-depth analysis

Transforming the legal education in the era of IR 4.0

The recent technological advances trigger the emergence of the Industry Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) which is very dynamic and progressive to the extent most of the major industries in the world have no option left but to transform the industry accordingly in order to adapt to the changes in the IR 4.0 era. Hence, this paper aims at exploring how the legal education offered at higher learning institutes can be transformed to be in line with the IR 4.0 in an efficient manner by maintain the quality. Tertiary education system should catch up with this progress to ensure that modern legal education would be fully modified and concurrent with it. So far, there is a significant delay in transforming legal educational services offered at universities, colleges and other higher learning institutes with regard to fields of study, subjects offered, teaching methods; assessment methods, among others. Despite the fact that it is complex, for the time being, to transform the legal education to be in line with the IR 4.0, it will benefit the society unprecedentedly for long run as it is the “game changer” of this era