Return to return point memory

We describe a new class of systems exhibiting return point memory (RPM) that are different from those discussed before in the context of ferromagnets. We show numerically that one dimensional random Ising antiferromagnets have RPM, when configurations evolve from a large field. However, RPM is violated when started from some stable configurations at finite field unlike in the ferromagnetic case. This implies that the standard approach to understanding ferromagnetic RPM systems will fail for this case. We also demonstrate RPM with a set of variables that keep track of spin flips at each site. Conventional RPM for the spin configuration is a projection of this result, suggesting that spin flip variables might be a more fundamental representation of the dynamics. We also present a mapping that embeds the antiferromagnetic chain in a two dimensional ferromagnetic model, and prove RPM for spin exchange dynamics in the interior of the chain with this mapping

Another Return of 'Return to Equilibrium'

The property of ``{\it return to equilibrium}'' is established for a class of quantum-mechanical models describing interactions of a (toy) atom with black-body radiation, or of a spin with a heat bath of scalar bosons, under the assumption that the interaction strength is {\it sufficiently weak}. For models describing the first class of systems, our upper bound on the interaction strength is {\it independent} of the temperature $T$, (with $0<T\leq T_0<\infty$), while, for the spin-boson model, it tends to zero logarithmically, as $T\to 0$. Our result holds for interaction form factors with physically realistic infrared behaviour. Three key ingredients of our analysis are: a suitable concrete form of the Araki-Woods representation of the radiation field, Mourre's positive commutator method combined with a recent virial theorem, and a norm bound on the difference between the equilibrium states of the interacting and the non-interacting system (which, for the system of an atom coupled to black-body radiation, is valid for {\it all} temperatures $T\geq 0$, assuming only that the interaction strength is sufficiently weak)

ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN RETURN, ABNORMAL RETURN DAN VOLUME PERDAGANGAN SAHAM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PERISTIWA JANUARY EFFECT PADA PERUSAHAAN DI INDEKS IDX 30 PERIODE 2019-2021

ABSTRAK ANALISIS PERBANDINGAN RETURN, ABNORMAL RETURN DAN VOLUME PERDAGANGAN SAHAM SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH PERISTIWA JANUARY EFFECT PADA PERUSAHAAN DI INDEKS IDX 30 PERIODE 2019-2021 FITRI DINDA MULYANI 11870121698 Penelitian terkait fenomena January effect berguna agar investor dapat memperoleh return yang lebih tinggi pada bulan January. Penelitian dilakukan pada perusahaan di Indeks IDX 30 yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan return, abnormal return dan volume perdagangan saham sebelum dan sesudah January effect pada perusahaan di indeks IDX 30 yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2019-2021. Analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis penelitian ini adalah analisis kuantitatif dengan metode statistik uji normalitas dan uji wilcoxon test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) Terdapat perbedaan return yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah January effect pada 18 perusahaan sampel di IDX 30 periode 2019-2021 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,001 atau berada dibawah tingkat signifikansi 0,005. (2) Tidak terdapat perbedaan abnormal return yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah January effect pada 18 perusahaan sampel di IDX 30 periode 2019-2021 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,270 atau berada diatas tingkat signifikansi 0,005. (3) Tidak terdapat perbedaan volume perdagangan saham yang signifikan sebelum dan sesudah January effect pada 18 perusahaan sampel di IDX 30 periode 2019-2021 dengan nilai signifikansi sebesar 0,780 atau berada diatas tingkat signifikansi 0,005. Kata Kunci : January Effect, Return, Abnormal Return dan Volume Perdagangan Saha

The rate of return in German manufacturing industry

Cover titleSeries statement handwritten on cover"Paper Presented to the International Rate of Return Project Conference in Cambridge, Mass. June 9 - 11, 1981."Includes bibliographical reference

Risk Without Return

Risk-only investment strategies have been growing in popularity as traditional in- vestment strategies have fallen short of return targets over the last decade. However, risk-based investors should be aware of four things. First, theoretical considerations and empirical studies show that apparently dictinct risk-based investment strategies are manifestations of a single effect. Second, turnover and associated transaction costs can be a substantial drag on return. Third, capital diversification benefits may be reduced. Fourth, there is an apparent connection between performance and risk diversification. To analyze risk diversification benefits in a consistent way, we introduce the Risk Diversification Index (RDI) which measures risk concentrations and complements the Herfindahl-Herschman Index (HHI) for capital concentrations

Return of deposits

Explores case law illustrating the circumstances in which the courts are likely to order the return of a deposit in the event of a buyer's default. Notes the unwillingness of the courts to apply the rule on penalties to deposits and discusses the court's discretion under the Law of Property Act 1925 s.49(2) to order repayment. Focuses on the Chancery Division ruling in Aribisala v St James Homes (Grosvenor Dock) Ltd giving guidance on the circumstances in which the discretion under s.49(2) should be exercised