メンヨウ ニオケル ノウコウ シリョウ ト ソシリョウ ノ コトナル キュウヨヒカ デノ キュウヨ カイスウ ガ ショウカリツ ナラビニ ダイイチ イ ナイエキ ト ケツエキ セイジョウ ニ オヨボス エイキョウ

【摘要】第一胃フィステルを装着したメン羊4頭を供試動物とした.濃厚飼料(肉牛用市販配合飼料)と2cmに切断したイタリアンライグラス牧乾草の給与比を8:2(濃厚飼料多給)と2:8(粗飼料多給)を設定し，飼料の給与量はそれぞれの給与比で不断給与したときの80%とした.給与回数を1日1回(24時間毎給与)と1日3回(8時間毎給与)の4処理を設定し，4X4のラテン方格法により消化試験を実施した.各試験終了の翌日に第一胃内液と血液を24時間に亘り採取した.成分消化率は濃厚飼料多給のとき1回給与より3回給与が高くなる傾向を示したしかし，粗飼料多給のときは1回給与より3回給与が低くなる傾向を示し，特に，可溶無窒素物と細胞壁物質の消化率が著しく低下した(P<0.05).その結果，粗飼料多給の可消化養分総量では,3回給与は1回給与より11.9%低くなった.粗飼料多給の場合，給与回数を多くすることは栄養価の改善につながらないことを示唆した.第一胃内液の揮発性脂肪酸，pH，NH3-Nと血液へマトクリット及び血漿中インシュリンは，いずれの給与比ともl回給与で飼料給与後一過性の上昇或いは下降を示したが，3回給与ではそれぞれの給与に伴うピークの出現がみられた

Social Feeding Behavior of Hyphantria Cunea Larvae (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) in Multiple Choice Experiments

The response of fall webworm larvae, Hyphantria cunea, to identical feeding stimuli presented in a series of multiple choice tests was studied in the laboratory. Instead of responding independently, all larvae in 61 % of the trials were observed to aggregate at one of two identical feeding stations

Clinical features of 27 Turkish Propionic acidemia patients with 12 novel mutations

Propionic acidemia (PA) is an inherited metabolic disease caused by the deficiency of one of the four biotin-dependent enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase (PCC), and is characterized by coma and death in unrecognized patients, additionally late diagnosis leads to severe developmental delay and neurological sequels. Manifestations of PA over time can include growth impairment, intellectual disability, seizures, basal ganglia lesions, pancreatitis, and cardiomyopathy. Other rarely reported complications include optic atrophy, hearing loss, premature ovarian insufficiency, and chronic renal failure. Mutations in PCCA-PCCB genes cause the clinically heterogeneous disease of PA. In this study, we investigate the mutation spectrum of PCCAPCCB genes and phenotypic features of 27 Turkish patients with PA from the South and Southeast parts of Turkey. We report 12 novel PA mutations, five affecting the PCCA gene and 7 affecting the PCCB gene

The Conjugated Linoleic Acid (CLA) Contents of Various Milk and Dairy Products and Affecting Factors

Due to a variety of positive effects on human health, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) including geometric and positional isomers of linoleic acid, which is omega-6 essential fatty acid, has gained importance in recent years. Although there are many food items containing CLA, meat, milk and dairy products derived from ruminant animals are richer in terms of CLA. These products are the basis of human diet. Although there are studies performed abroad on CLA contents of various milk and dairy products and the factors affecting them, there are only a few compilations about CLA in Turkey. The conducted studies particularly intended for increasing the CLA in milk and milk products is not sufficient in numbers and a gap exists about this issue

The Effects of Different Diet Models on Oocyte Quality, Oocyte Maturation and in Vitro Fertilization Outcomes in Mice

Nutritional quality affects fertility in both men and women. Nutrition should be considered in the prevention and treatment of infertility in men and women. In this study, we evaluated IVF rates, oocyte maturation and oocyte quality in a female animal model feding ketogenic, western and standard type diet. Female BALB / c mice were allocated to three groups: (a) control; (b) Western and (c) Ketogenic. After feeding female mice with these 3 feeding groups for 4 weeks, IVF was administered before sacrification of the mice. The number of collected oocytes and oocyte quality, fertilization rates and embryo quality were evaluated.The number of total oocytes was the highest in the ketogenic diet and the least in the western diet. MII stage oocytes in the ketogenic group were statistically significantly higher than the control group and western groups. Fertilized oocyte count was significantly lower in the western group compared to the other two groups. When the two-cell zygote stage was evaluated, it was found that the results were better in the ketogenic diet group and worse in the western diet group. The worst results in terms of the number of zygotes reaching the blastocyst stage were observed in the western type nutrition group, and the best results were observed in the group on the keteogenic diet. The results of our study show that western nutritional models negatively affect IVF results, while ketogenic diet has a positive effect. Keywords: Fertility, ketogenic diet, oocyte, ovulation, western diet DOI: 10.7176/JMPB/72-02 Publication date: January 31st 202

Book Review

Feelings: Our Vital Signs by Willard Gayli

Some Meat Characteristics in Karya Lambs

A research was conducted during 2008 and 2009 to determine meat quality characteristics in 72 male and female Karya lambs in pasture, pasture plus feeding and intensive conditions. Significant differences were obtained between fattening groups in M. Longissimus Dorsi muscle for L* (lightness) and the highest value was calculated in intensive groups and male lambs. Also the meat colour appeared redder (high a* value) in this group and their male lambs. The intermusculer fat (marbling) was evaluated better in intensive group and male lambs. Regarding fatty acid composition, while SFA and MUFA were increased in intensive conditon, C16:0 was the highest, C18:0 and C18:1 n-9 were the lowest value in pasture lambs. İt is concluded that the pasture feeding increased P/S, CLA and n-6 PUFA/n-3 PUFA values.Animal Production 15(2):127-134, May 201

Performanse bežičnog telekomunikacionog sistema u prisustvu n-m fedinga

In this thesis characteristics of wireless communication system operating over η-μ fading channel are considered together with diversity reception techniques which reduce the influence of η-μ fading on the system’s outage probability, average bit error rate, channel capacity, level crossing rate and average fade duration. Performance improvement is very significant within radio systems operating into cell network configuration. Cell network configuration realization could be used for increasing capacity of wireless communication system. With the increase of number of cells, i.e. with reducing the surface area of each cell, channel capacity increases. With the increase of number of cells, co-channel interference level increase, which degrades system performance values. In this work the compromise between the system capacity and reception quality is inquired. By applying diversity reception techniques, system performance values, degraded by the influences of slow fading, multipath fading and co-channel interference, are improved, so it is possible to reduce the cell area and to increase system capacity. In the second part of Phd thesis, various distributions for modeling the envelope variations in fading channels have been presented, cases in which these models are used have been pointed out, and advantages and imperfections of corresponding models for corresponding propagation scenarios have been presented. In third chapter, statistical characteristics of the first order of η-μ random variable, α-η-μ random variable and squared η-μ random variable are considered. For each mentioned variables, expressions for probability density function, cumulative distributive function, characteristic function and moments have been derived. Also for each observed case sum of two random variables, product of two random variables, ratio of two random variables, maximal value of two random variables and minimum value of two random variables have been determined. Obtained results are used for determining performances of wirelles reception with applied diversity technique for mitigation fading influence on system performances. Based on obtained expressions, graphs are depicted for probability density functions and cumulative distribution functions for the various values of propagation environment parameters. Probability density function and cumulative distribution function values are also graphically presented for α-η-μ random variable in the function of α and μ parameter change. For the purpose of performance analysis in η-μ fading environment, in the fourth chapter have been considered transformations of three η-μ random variables. Based on presented transformations of η-μ random variables, transmission performances estimation has been conducted, for the η-μ fading channel. Estimation of signal performances for the cases when diversity techniques are applied are carried out based on standard signal performance measures, i.e. outage probability (OP), average bit error probability (ABER), for observed modulation format and channel capacity. Graphically are presented ABER values for various values of system parameters when transmission is carried out with different modulation formats. By comparing obtained values it can be seen received signal performance improvement for the cases when diversity techniques are apliied over the reception case when there is no diversity technique applied. In the fifth chapter statistical characteristics of the second order of η-μ radnom proccess, and random proccesses which represent various variations of η-μ radnom proccess, are considered. Brand new random proccesses, for describing fading in special channel conditions are fromed. For all this cases level crossing rates are determined. In the sixth chapter of this Phd thesis are considered wireless communication systems with reception with applied diversity techniques for mitigating the influence of η-μ fading on system performances. Space diveristy technique has been used. Useful signals are accepted at the antennas, envelopes of these signals are combined and decision is made based on the signal values at the combiner outputs. System performances are determined for the cases of SC and MRC combining. For bouth cases probability density function and cumulative distribution function of the signal at the combiners outouts are derived, as well as the average bit error rate for the various used modualtion formats and level crossing rate. Results for ABER for various modulation formats are graphically presented as well as the improvement of the outage probability at the reception obtained by applying SC with two reception branches. In this part it has also been considered the case when bouth desired and interferring signal are described with η-μ distribution, as well as the case when desired signal has been described with η-μ distribution while interference has been described with κ-μ distribution. In the seventh chapter macrodiversity sistem with SC reception and two MRC microdiversity combiners has been considered. At the inputs at the microdiversity combiners η-μ fading is present, while at the inputs as macrodiversity combiners slow Gamma fading is present. For this model of system it has been calculated probability density function, cumulative distribution function, characteristic function, moments, variance, outage probability and level crossing rate for the signal at the macrodiversity combiner output. Results obtained for level croosing rate at the macrodiversity combiner output are graphically presented

Calculating the probability of error per symbol on the basis of MGF method using Rician fading for MFSK

U ovom radu se analizira verovatnoća greške po simbolu za M-arnu ne-koherentnu frekvencijsku modulaciju (M-ary Frequency Shift Keying, MFSK) signala u ambijentu frekvencijsko-neselektivnog sporog Rician fadinga i prijemnika zasnovanog na tehnici kombinovanja maksimalnog odnosa (Maximal Ratio Combining, MRC). Verovatnoće greške po simbolu su dobijene na osnovu numeričkog izračunavanja baziranog na funkciji generisanja momenta (Moment Generating Function, MGF). Pretpostavlja se da je informacija na prijemnoj strani kanala poznata. Analiza verovatnoće greške po simbolu za MFSK modulacionu tehniku izvršena je za različite vrednosti Rician faktora K, diverziti reda N i nivoa modulacije M.In this paper is presented how to calculate the probability of error per symbol of M-ary non-coherent frequency modulation (M-ary Frequency Shift Keying, MFSK) over a slow, flat, identically independently distributed Rician fading channels. SEP is calculated by technique with maximal ratio combining diverzity, using the moment generating function. We assume that the information is known on the receiving side of the channel. Probabilities of error per symbol for the modulation technique are plotted for different values of Rician factor K, diverzity order N and modulation order M