Book review: Libya’s fragmentation: structure and process in violent conflict by Wolfram Lacher

In Libya’s Fragmentation: Structure and Process in Violent Conflict, Wolfram Lacher offers a detailed examination of the conflict in Libya, focusing on how the transformation of social ties and the fragmentation of local politics in different communities have played a key role in shaping the country’s trajectory since the overthrow of Qadhafi in 2011. This is a valuable contribution to the literature exploring the transformative effect of violent conflict on communities and is a crucial study for political scientists and scholars seeking to understand how the political and military landscape in Libya has fragmented, writes Burak Kazim Yilmaz. Libya’s Fragmentation: Structure and Process in Violent Conflict. Wolfram Lacher. Bloomsbury. 2020

O efeıto das tendêncıas neofóbıcas e neofílıcas dos estudantes de gastronomıa e culınárıa sobre suas atıtudes em relação aos sabores de rua

The trends for food neophobia and food neophilia can affect people's attitudes toward new foods. In this context, different regional street foods they have never consumed before can also be an unusual food experience for people. Street foods, which are foods and beverages offered in public areas, reflecting the culinary culture of countries with a rich and different product range, may differ from region to region and even according to the distinct geographical location and seasonal characteristics of the same territory. This study reveals the effects of food neophobia and food neophilia tendencies of gastronomy and cookery students on their attitudes toward street foods. The study concluded that food neophobia and food neophilia trends were linearly and positively related to the attitudes toward street foods. However, significant differences were found in students' neophobia and neophilia tendencies and their attitudes toward street foods according to demographic characteristics. In addition, it was determined that the students continued to consume street foods even though they did not find them hygienic. On the other hand, the study revealed that the students had a neophilia tendency.Las tendencias de la neofobia alimentaria y la neofilia alimentaria pueden afectar las actitudes de las personas hacia los nuevos alimentos. En este contexto, diferentes comidas callejeras regionales que nunca han consumido antes también pueden ser una experiencia gastronómica inusual para las personas. Los alimentos callejeros, que son alimentos y bebidas ofrecidos en áreas públicas, que reflejan la cultura culinaria de países con una gama de productos rica y diferente, pueden diferir de una región a otra e incluso según la ubicación geográfica distinta y las características estacionales del mismo territorio. Este estudio revela los efectos de la neofobia alimentaria y las tendencias de neofilia alimentaria de los estudiantes de gastronomía y cocina en sus actitudes hacia los alimentos callejeros. El estudio concluyó que las tendencias de la neofobia alimentaria y la neofilia alimentaria estaban lineal y positivamente relacionadas con las actitudes hacia los alimentos callejeros. Sin embargo, se encontraron diferencias significativas en las tendencias de neofobia y neofilia de los estudiantes y sus actitudes hacia los alimentos callejeros de acuerdo con las características demográficas. Además, se determinó que los estudiantes continuaron consumiendo alimentos callejeros a pesar de que no los encontraban higiénicos. Por otro lado, el estudio reveló que los estudiantes tenían una tendencia a la neofilia.As tendências de neofobia alimentar e neofilia alimentar podem afetar as atitudes das pessoas em relação a novos alimentos. Neste contexto, diferentes alimentos de rua regionais que nunca consumiram antes também podem ser uma experiência alimentar incomum para as pessoas. Os alimentos de rua, que são alimentos e bebidas oferecidos em áreas públicas, refletindo a cultura culinária de países com uma gama rica e diferente de produtos, podem diferir de região para região e até mesmo de acordo com a localização geográfica distinta e características sazonais do mesmo território. Este estudo revela os efeitos da neofobia alimentar e das tendências alimentares de estudantes de gastronomia e culinária sobre suas atitudes em relação aos alimentos de rua. O estudo concluiu que as tendências de neofobia alimentar e neofilia alimentar estavam linearmente e positivamente relacionadas às atitudes em relação aos alimentos de rua. No entanto, diferenças significativas foram encontradas nas tendências de neofobia e neofilia dos alunos e suas atitudes em relação aos alimentos de rua de acordo com características demográficas. Além disso, foi determinado que os alunos continuaram a consumir alimentos de rua, mesmo não os encontrando higiênicos. Por outro lado, o estudo revelou que os alunos tinham uma tendência de neofilia

A sliding mode approach to visual motion estimation /

The problem of estimating motion and structure from a sequence of images has been a major research theme in machine vision for many years and remains one of the most challenging ones. In this work, a new approach to this problem is presented; using sliding mode observers to estimate the motion and structure of a moving body with the aid of a CCD camera. A variety of dynamical systems which may arise in machine vision applications is considered and a novel identification procedure is developed for the estimation of both constant and time varying parameters. The basic procedure introduced for parameter estimation is to recast image feature dynamics linearly in terms of unknown parameters and construct a sliding mode observer to produce asymptotically correct estimates of the observed image features, and then use 'equivalent control' to explicitly compute paramters. Much of the procedure presented in this work has been substantiated by computer simulations and real experiments

New generation CAD-CAM materials for implant-supported definitive frameworks fabricated by using subtractive technologies

Innovations in digital manufacturing enabled the fabrication of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (ISFDPs) in a wide variety of recently introduced materials. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milling allows the fabrication of ISFDPs with high accuracy by reducing the fabrication steps of large-span frameworks. The longevity of ISFDPs depends on the overall mechanical properties of the framework material including its fit, and the physical properties of the veneering material and its bond with the framework. This comprehensive review summarizes the recent information on millable CAD-CAM framework materials such as pre-sintered soft alloys, fiber-reinforced composite resins, PEEK, and PEKK in high-performance polymer family, and 4Y-TZP. Even though promising results have been obtained with the use of new generation millable CAD-CAM materials for ISFDPs, clinical studies are lacking and future research should focus on the overall performance of these millable materials in both static and dynamic conditions

Prosthetic complications with mandibular bar-retained implant overdentures having distal attachments and metal frameworks: A 2- to 12-year retrospective analysis.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Long-term reports on 2-implant-retained overdentures having metal frameworks and bars containing distal attachments are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate prosthetic complications with 2-implant-retained mandibular overdentures with metal frameworks having either screw- or cement-retained cantilevered bars with distal attachments. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-three edentulous study participants who had been treated with mandibular overdentures with 2 implants were included. The parameters assessed were acrylic resin fractures (base fracture, fracture at midline), debonding of teeth, opposing prosthesis fracture, need for relining or rebasing, abutment and bar screw loosening and fracture, ball or bar attachment or clip wear, fracture or detachment, bar fracture, and implant loss. Statistical analysis was performed by using the Mann-Whitney U test as the data were not normally distributed. The categorical variables between the groups were analyzed by using the Fisher exact test (α=.05). RESULTS Twenty-seven prostheses had a cement-retained bar, and 46 bars were screw-retained. Of 73 overdentures, 68 were metal-reinforced. The mean observation time was 5.9 years with a range between 2 and 12 years. The most common complication was wear of the Rhein 83 polymer attachment followed by bar screw loosening. The cumulative survival rate for overdentures was 91.9% at 6.8 years. The service life of cement-retained prostheses was significantly longer (P.05). CONCLUSIONS Based on the participant population observed, the survival rates of 2-implant-retained mandibular overdentures and their implants in the medium term were high. Wear of the polymer attachment was commonly seen. Overdentures with cement-retained bars had bar or acrylic resin fractures. Mandibular 2-implant-retained overdentures with a screw-retained bar containing bilateral distal attachments had fewer prosthetic complications and high implant survival in the medium term

Effects of Adaptive Learning Technologies on Math Achievement: A Quantitative Study of ALEKS Math Software

Title from PDF of title page viewed June 1, 2017Dissertation advisor: Loyce CaruthersVitaIncludes bibliographical references (pages 107-120)Thesis (Ed.D.)--School of Education. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2017The intent of this study is to investigate the effects of a particular adaptive math learning program (ALEKS) on math achievement and its impact on closing the achievement gap in math performance of middle school students. The study is conducted in two small urban school districts in a southern city. The study is a quasi-experimental research design with a sample size of 1110 students in grades fifth through ninth forming a control group and a treatment group of equal sizes. The data is compiled from the 2014-2015 school year (archived data) and has been analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to compare mean scores of the two groups from a norm-referenced test and regression analysis to understand various categorical variables affecting math achievement on ALEKS.Introduction -- Review of Literature -- Methodology -- Results of analyses and conclusions -- Discussio

Сочинительные словосочетания как средство реализации авторской установки (на материале художественного текста: рассказы Т. Толстой)

Настоящая работа посвящена анализу сочинительных словосочетаний как средства реализации авторской установки на материале рассказов Татьяны Толстой. Актуальность работы заключается в том, что в современной русистике полноценно и подробно не описаны все синтаксические связи, в частности, сочинительная связь, особенно с точки зрения реализации с ее помощью авторских целей. Также малоизучены синтаксические связи на материале рассказов Т. Толстой – работы, посвященные синтаксису ее произведений, не содержат их полную характеристику. Анализ функционирования сочинительных конструкций на этом материале, думается, поможет не только лучше понять тексты данного автора, но и дополнить имеющееся представление о функциональной стороне сочинения компонентов предложения.https://www.ester.ee/record=b5466386*es

Effect of surface treatments on wear and surface properties of different CAD-CAM materials and their enamel antagonists.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Which surface treatment provides optimal surface roughness, microhardness, and wear behavior for computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) materials and their enamel antagonists is unclear. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatment on the surface roughness, microhardness, and 2-body wear of different CAD-CAM materials and their enamel antagonists. MATERIAL AND METHODS Monolithic zirconia, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network, lithium disilicate, leucite-reinforced ceramic, zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate, and feldspathic ceramic specimens were sliced into 2-mm-thick rectangular plates and divided into polished or glazed subgroups (n=6). After surface roughness and microhardness measurements, the specimens were loaded at 49 N for 250 000 cycles and simultaneously thermocycled (5 °C and 55 °C). All specimens were scanned before and after the wear test by using a scanner. The volumetric loss and wear depth of the materials and the volumetric and height loss of the enamel were calculated, and scanning electron microscope images of the specimens were made. Multiple 2-way ANOVAs and Tukey honestly significant difference tests were used to assess the effect of material and surface treatment on surface roughness, microhardness, and wear behavior of materials and enamel (α=.05). RESULTS Material and surface treatment interactions affected the surface roughness (P<.001), microhardness (P<.001), volumetric loss of materials (P=.044), and height loss of enamel (P<.001). CONCLUSIONS Polishing resulted in higher surface roughness and microhardness than glazing. Volumetric loss depended on the material, which affected the height loss of the antagonists. Glazing and polishing had similar effects on the volumetric loss of materials and antagonists. No correlation was found between the wear of materials and the antagonists, nor between the surface roughness of materials and the volumetric loss of materials or antagonists

Evaluation of the sensory properties, volatile aroma compounds and functional food potentials of cold-press produced mahaleb (Prunus mahaleb L.) seed oil☆

The aims of this study were to cold-press mahaleb seed, and then fully characterize the oil to extent its food and functional food applications. The novelty of this study relies upon the first data provided by the thermal analysis, sensory analysis, and volatile aroma compounds composition. The seeds were pressed with a screw-type single-head press with a maximum oil exit temperature of 40 °C. Most common physico-chemical properties, composition analyses, volatile aroma compounds profile, sensory descriptive analysis and consumer tests were completed. The main properties were appropriate and the composition (fatty acids, phytosterols and tocopherols) data concurred with the available literature. Thermal data were provided, and the oil peak crystallization and melting temperatures were −44.45 °C and −8.41 °C, respectively. There were 38 volatile aroma compounds quantified mostly with almond, green, vanillin, woody, and fermented aroma definitions. The panel described the oil with 5 sensory descriptive (almond, vanillin, dough, green, cooling) terms. Consumers liked appearance the most (4.49) with a general acceptance score of 3.70 on a 5-point hedonic scale. Overall, the mahaleb seed oil is a conjugated linolenic, oleic and linoleic fatty acids, β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol rich, very aromatic, and consumer-liked sample. Further studies with various food applications are foreseen