TURKISH SHIPBUILDING INDUSTRY – CHALLENGES AND POTENTIAL

Shipbuilding industry was developed and grown in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Turkish shipbuilding industry started to develop in an international level around 15 years ago with specialization in small tonnage vessels. The global economic crisis that started in 2008 has affected the enhancement of shipbuilding industry in Turkey. This study addresses the important factors affecting the development of Turkish shipbuilding industry by focusing on the global shipbuilding during the crisis and the current state of the industry with the application of a survey to the key decision makers. The data was obtained from the survey collected from the Turkish shipyards and maritime companies that represent the considerable share of the industry. The surveys were conducted between 2012 and 2013. The current state of shipbuilding industry concerning the most relevant factors for the development of the industry according to the respondents has been designated, and it was seen that the highlighted factors were lower in the current state of the industry. Moreover, the strongest and weakest factors for the Turkish shipbuilding industry were pointed out. Herein, general views o

Sémiotique du libre arbitre: Une analyse comparative du "Sans Nom" d'Amélie Nothomb

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Belçika asıllı yazar Amélie Nothomb’un Sans Nom (İsimsiz) adlı öyküsünü bütünce olarak ele alarak, özgür iradenin bu yapıt çerçevesinde, var olan göstergebilimsel yöntemlerin karşılaştırmalı biçimde uygulanmasıyla varılan göstergebilimsel bir analizini ortaya koymaktır. Bu yöntemler, Algirdas Julien Greimas’ın Standart Göstergebilimsel Analiz Modeli ve Claude Zilberberg’in Gerilim Modelidir. Bu iki göstergebilimsel yöntemi aynı bütünceye uygulayarak varmak istediğimiz ilk hedef, felsefe için çok değerli olan bir kavram olan özgür iradenin göstergebilimsel bir okumasını sunmak, ikinci hedef ise, bu amaca varmak için kullanılan göstergebilimsel yöntemlerin kapsamına dair daha net bir görüşü mümkün kılmak için bu iki analizi karşılaştırmaktır.L’objet de cette étude est de présenter une lecture sémiotique du libre arbitre, qui est accomplie en appliquant deux méthodologies sémiotiques existantes de manière comparative à un conte moderne intitulé Sans Nom de l'auteure d'origine belge Amélie Nothomb. Les méthodologies sémiotiques utilisées pour cette analyse sont le Modèle Standard d’Algirdas Julien Greimas et le Modèle Tensif de Claude Zilberberg. En appliquant ces deux méthodologies sémiotiques à un même corpus, nous visons premièrement à établir une lecture sémiotique d’un concept cher à la philosophie, le libre arbitre, et deuxièmement, comparer les deux analyses effectuées pour rendre possible une vision claire de l’étendue de ces méthodologies.TABLE DES MATIÈRES RÉSUMÉ ii ÖZ iii ABSTRACT iv AVANT-PROPOS v LISTE DES TABLEAUX viii LISTE DES SCHÉMAS x LISTE DES ABRÉVIATIONS xii INTRODUCTION 1 1.PREMIÈRE PARTIE : APPROCHES MÉTHODOLOGIQUES 3 1.1. Univers Nothombien 4 1.2. Sans Nom 4 1.3. Problématique du Libre Arbitre 6 1.4. Modèle Standard 8 1.5. Modèle Tensif 15 2. DEUXIÈME PARTIE : ANALYSE COMPARATIVE 23 2.1. Comparaison de Deux Méthodologies 23 2.2. Une Analyse Comparative 31 3. TROISIÈME PARTIE : SÉMIOTIQUE DU LIBRE ARBITRE 32 3.1. Étude Sémantique du « Libre Arbitre » 32 3.2. Segmentation de Sans Nom 35 3.3. Choix 1 38 3.3.1. Analyse STND du Choix 1 39 3.3.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 1 44 3.3.3. Analyse Comparative du Choix 1 47 3.4. Choix 2 48 3.4.1. Analyse STND du Choix 2 48 3.4.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 2 50 3.4.3. Analyse Comparative du Choix 2 52 3.5. Choix 3 52 3.5.1. Analyse STND du Choix 3 52 vii 3.5.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 3 54 3.5.3. Analyse Comparative du Choix 3 55 3.6. Choix 4 56 3.6.1. Analyse STND du Choix 4 56 3.6.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 4 58 3.6.3. Analyse Comparative du Choix 4 59 3.7. Choix 5 59 3.7.1. Analyse STND du Choix 5 60 3.7.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 5 64 3.7.3. Analyse Comparative du Choix 5 66 3.8. Choix 6 66 3.8.1. Analyse STND du Choix 6 67 3.8.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 6 70 3.8.3. Analyse Comparative du Choix 6 77 3.9. Choix 7 78 3.9.1. Analyse STND du Choix 7 78 3.9.2. Analyse TNSV du Choix 7 79 3.9.3 Analyse Comparative du Choix 7 82 3.10. Pour Finir 82 CONCLUSION 88 BIBLIOGRAPHIE 91 ANNEXE 9

A Current Overview of Intensive Care Subspeciality Education in Turkey: What Do Educational Staff, Subspecialty Residents and Specialists Think?

Objective: Intensive care subspecialty programs have been opened in many medical faculties and training-research hospitals in our country, and intensivists who have graduated are working in the field. The aim of this study aimed to collect information about the status of intensive care subspecialty education and the working conditions of intensive care specialists working in the field. Materials and Methods: After obtaining the ethics committee approval, three questionnaires for intensive care subspecialty educational staff (ES), research assistants (RA), and graduated specialists (PG) were prepared through the Google Survey and published on social media. In the questionnaires, the status of education and working conditions in the field after graduation were questioned. The descriptive statistics method was used for analysis. Results: The questionnaires were answered by 38 ES, 99 RA, and 46 PG. Fifty-four percent of the ES were between the ages of 51 and 60 and 65.8% were women. Fifty-one percent of ES were working in a university hospital. Forty-seven percent of full-time ES were working in the department of anesthesiology and reanimation subdepartment of intensive care, and the rate of participation of all partner clinics in the program was 86.5%. Twenty-seven (71.1%) of the ES thought that the TUKMOS core training program should be changed. The main specialty of 54.5% of RAs were anesthesiology and reanimation, and 52% of them were studying at a state university. The rate of those who were on duty at the hospital was 87.8%, and the rate of those who described the rotation training as “medium” was 36.5%. Sixty-five percent of the PGs were anesthesiology and reanimation specialists, and 64.4% said that they would like to primarily work in training and research hospitals in terms of efficiency and qualit; 87% of them stated that intensive care specialists should be able to work in any kind of intensive care unit, 69.6% thinks that the education they receive is sufficient. Conclusion: We believe that evaluating and sharing the data of this study may cause positive changes in intensive care subspecialty education and post-graduate working conditions

Vallisneria spiralis (Linneaus 1753)’in Değişik Besin Ortamlarında Yetiştiricilik Çalışmaları

In this study it was aimed to produce a commercial aquatic plant Vallisneria spiralis in a controlled- aquaculture system. In order to determine the potential of the plant to utilize different nutrient resources relative growth rate depends on biomass yield and individual plant number and length composition of V. spiralis cultivated in semi-shadow and non-shadow conditions were determined. Results of the present work showed that V. spiralis utilized different nutrient resources effectively such as cow, lamb, chicken and commercial fertilizer TSP in cultivation conditions and increased its weight and individual number compare to the control group where nutrient addition is not applied. In semi-shadow condition V. spiralis fresh biomass yield and plant number increase were the highest in cow group and found to be 1.52%±0.03 g.day-1 and 1.80%±0.05 individual.day-1 respectively. The mean length of V. spiralis was found to be the highest (83.56±26.14 cm) in lamb fertilizer group. In non-shadow conditions V. spiralis fresh biomass yield and plant number increase were the highest in cow group and found to be 2.73%±0.07 g.day-1 and 2.52%±0.6 individual.day-1 respectively. The mean length of V. spiralis was found to be the highest (92.74±27.93 cm) in cow fertilizer group as well

International nosocomial infection control consortium (INICC) report, data summary of 36 countries, for 2004-2009

The results of a surveillance study conducted by the International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) from January 2004 through December 2009 in 422 intensive care units (ICUs) of 36 countries in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe are reported. During the 6-year study period, using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN; formerly the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance system [NNIS]) definitions for device-associated health care-associated infections, we gathered prospective data from 313,008 patients hospitalized in the consortium's ICUs for an aggregate of 2,194,897 ICU bed-days. Despite the fact that the use of devices in the developing countries' ICUs was remarkably similar to that reported in US ICUs in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were significantly higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals; the pooled rate of central line-associated bloodstream infection in the INICC ICUs of 6.8 per 1,000 central line-days was more than 3-fold higher than the 2.0 per 1,000 central line-days reported in comparable US ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia also was far higher (15.8 vs 3.3 per 1,000 ventilator-days), as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (6.3 vs. 3.3 per 1,000 catheter-days). Notably, the frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to imipenem (47.2% vs 23.0%), Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (76.3% vs 27.1%), Escherichia coli isolates to ceftazidime (66.7% vs 8.1%), Staphylococcus aureus isolates to methicillin (84.4% vs 56.8%), were also higher in the consortium's ICUs, and the crude unadjusted excess mortalities of device-related infections ranged from 7.3% (for catheter-associated urinary tract infection) to 15.2% (for ventilator-associated pneumonia). Copyright © 2012 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved

Radyo ve Televizyon Üst Kurulu (RTÜK) ve şiddet içerikli yayınların denetimi

ÖZETRADYO VE TELEVİZYON ÜST KURULU (RTÜK) VE ŞİDDET İÇERİKLİ YAYINLARIN DENETİMİBu çalışmada medyada denetim başlığı altında, denetim açısından medya kuramları, özdenetim uygulamalarına ve görsel-işitsel medyanın denetimine ilişkin uluslar arası düzenlemelere değinilmiş, ikinci bölümde Radyo ve Televizyon Üst Kurulu ( RTÜK) ve 6112 sayılı Kanunla gelen yeni düzenlemeler anlatılmıştır. Son bölümde, RTÜK kararları, 6112 sayılı Kanun’un 8.maddesindeki yayın ilkelerinden (ş) bendi olan, yayınlar “şiddeti özendirici veya kanıksatıcı olamaz”, ilkesine göre incelenmiştir.Bu tezde öncelikle denetim ve şiddet konusunda genel bir çerçeve çizilmiş, daha sonra ise RTÜK’ün bu konuya ilişkin aldığı karar ve yaptığı çalışmalar incelenmeye çalışılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Televizyonda şiddet, RTÜK Kararları, medyada denetim, özdenetim.ABSTRACTRADIO AND TELEVISION SUPREME COUNCIL (RADYO VE TELEVİZYON ÜST KURULU-RTÜK) AND CONTROL OF VIOLENCE-CONTAINING BROADCASTSIn the present work, media institutions in terms of control, self-control practices, and international arrangements regarding the control of audiovisual media have been referred under the topic of control in media, while the Radio and Television Supreme Council (RTÜK) and new arrangements brought through the Law No. 6112 have been explained in the second section. In the last section, decisions of RTÜK have been examined according to the principle imposing the broadcasts “may not encourage violence and may not cause violence to be seen as normal”, which is the clause (ş) among the broadcast principles specified in Article 8 of the Law No. 6112.In the present thesis, firstly, a general frame was formed regarding the topic of violence, and decisions taken and efforts displayed by RTÜK on the subject were examined afterwards.Keywords: Violence in TV, RTÜK Decisions, control in media, self-control

The quality changes that occur during the frozen storage of bonito (Sarda sarda Bloch, 1793) prepared by different treatments

Dondurma öncesi ve sonrası farklı işlemler uygulanarak 5 m/sn.lik hava akımlı dondurucuda -35 C'de dondurulan palamut balıkları (Sarda sarda Bloch, 1793) 6 ay süreyle ortalama -25,2 C'de derin dondurucuda depolanmıştır. Araştırmada, dondurma öncesi 24 saat buzda bekletmenin, iç organ ve solungaçları çıkartmanın, donmuş depolama süresince, su kaybını önlemek amacıyla sodyum polifosfat kullanımının ve oksidasyonu önlemek için askorbik asitli çözelti ile glaze uygulamanın, depolama süresince su kaybı, TVB-N, TBA miktarları ve duyusal özellikler üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir, iç organları ve solungaçları ayrılan balıklarda TVB-N miktarı önemli derecede daha az bulunmuş, ayrıca iç organ çıkarma işlemi tek başına TBA gelişimini yani oksidasyonu etkilemezken, buzlama işlemi ile birlikte uygulandığında TBA'yı artırıcı etki göstermiştir. Yağ oksidasyonunun önlenmesi açısından askorbik asitli glaze, su ile glaze'e göre daha iyi sonuç vermiştir. Donmuş depolama süresince balıkların tamamı kimyasal ve duyusal açıdan iyi kalitede bulunmuştur.Bonitos (Sarda sarda Bloch, 1793) frozen with different prefreezing and postfreezing treatments at-35 °C in an air blast freezer with 5 m/s air velocity were stored at -25,2 °C for 6 months. We determined the effects on the sensory properties, total volatile basic nitrogen (TVB-N) and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) values, and the drip loss during the storage period of applying glaze with solution including ascorbic acid for preventing oxidation, of using sodium polyphosphate in order to prevent drip loss during the frozen storage, of removing the internal organs and gills, and of keeping in ice during 24 h prefreezing. The TVB-N content of fish from which the internal organs and gills had been removed was significantly lower. While gutting alone did not affect TBA growth, gutting with icing improved TBA values. Glaze with ascorbic acid was more effective than glaze with water (without ascorbic acid) in preventing lipid oxidation. The chemical and sensory quality of all the fish was good during the frozen storage period

Sea Food Allergy

Gıda alerjisi ya da gıda maddelerine karşı aşırı hassasiyet günümüzde pek çok insanı ilgilendiren önemli bir konudur. Her yıl milyonlarca insan gıdalara alerjik reaksiyonlar vermektedir. Çoğu gıda alerjisi nispeten daha küçük belirtiler gösterirken, bazı gıda alerjileri şiddetli etki göstermekte ve insan hayatını tehdit edebilmektedir. Alerjiye neden olan gıda maddelerinin diyette fark edilmesi ve diyetten çıkarılması önemlidir. İnsanlarda alerjiye neden olan gıdalar arasında süt, yumurta, fındık, fıstık, susam, balık ve kabuklu su ürünleri sayılabilir. Su ürünleri insan beslenmesinde protein açığının kapatılması açısından büyük önem arz etmektedir. Bu derlemede gıda alerjisi, su ürünleri alerjisi ve işlemenin alerjenler üzerine etkisi hakkında bilgi verilmiştir.Today, food allergy or food hypersensitivity is an important issue concerning many people. Each year, millions of people have allergic reactions to foods. While most of the food allergies show relatively minor sympto ms, some of them show major symptoms and can threaten human life. It is important to distinguish and remove foods that may cause allergy in diet. The foods that may cause allergies in humans include milk, egg, nuts, peanuts, sesame, fish and shellfish. Sea foods are important for human nutrit ion to reduce protein deficiency. In this review, information about food allergy, sea food allergy and impact of processing on allergens are presented

The Usage of Anchovy in Sinop Kitchen

Kitchen culture can be variety considerably between societies. In our country, red meat especially consumed in inland areas, while the fish and other sea foods are greatly consumed in coastal areas. Environmental factors where the people live affect the region's food culture. Sinop is a peninsula, which is the most important source of income, is fishing and locals keep the anchovy separate from other fish. In the fishing season, everybody who wants to consume can freely take anchovy in fishing vessel. Everybody - poorest or richest- is feed with anchovy in fishing season and most anchovy dishes are cooked in every house. The data used in this study were collected by using interview technique. It is determined that in Sinop there are some traditional dishes such as "frying, grilling, oven, tiklatma, pilaf with anchovies, bread with anchovies, anchovy ball, hamsi kusu, anchovy pickle and anchovy marinade". In the study, the process of these foods, and the details of the difference in their productions were presente