Actividad tripanocida y antibacteriana de extractos de Alvaradoa subovata Cronquist

En el presente trabajo se estudió la actividad antioxidante, antibacteriana y tripanocida de extractos de Alvaradoa subovata. La mayor actividad depuradora de  radicales libres se observó en el extracto etanólico de corteza (CI50 = 4.7 ± 0.18 µg/mL). El extracto en diclorometano de  madera inhibió el crecimiento de la  bacteria fitopatógena Xanthomona axonopodis con una CIM = 100 µg/mL. El mismo extracto mostró inhibición del crecimiento de Trypanosoma cruzi (CI50 =  0.063 ± 0.003 mg/mL). Una fracción de este extracto (100 ug/mL), cuyo componente mayoritario es emodina, inhibió en un 60% el crecimiento del parásito.  Los compuestos mayoritarios detectados en el extracto de madera fueron antraquinonas, entre las cuales se identificaron emodina y crisofanol, y la cumarina  escopoletina. Estos tres compuestos podrían servir como marcadores analíticos del extracto. Los resultados de este trabajo muestran que los extractos de A.  subovata constituyen una fuente de compuestos bioactivos con potencial como antiparasitarios y plaguicidas

Multiple Scenario Generation of Subsurface Models:Consistent Integration of Information from Geophysical and Geological Data throuh Combination of Probabilistic Inverse Problem Theory and Geostatistics

Neutrinos with energies above 1017 eV are detectable with the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The identification is efficiently performed for neutrinos of all flavors interacting in the atmosphere at large zenith angles, as well as for Earth-skimming \u3c4 neutrinos with nearly tangential trajectories relative to the Earth. No neutrino candidates were found in 3c 14.7 years of data taken up to 31 August 2018. This leads to restrictive upper bounds on their flux. The 90% C.L. single-flavor limit to the diffuse flux of ultra-high-energy neutrinos with an E\u3bd-2 spectrum in the energy range 1.0 7 1017 eV -2.5 7 1019 eV is E2 dN\u3bd/dE\u3bd < 4.4 7 10-9 GeV cm-2 s-1 sr-1, placing strong constraints on several models of neutrino production at EeV energies and on the properties of the sources of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays

Saints and Sinners: Coins in Medieval Italian Graves

This paper was originally presented in a Cambridge symposium on interpretation of ritual context in early medieval Europe. It explores the presence of coins in medieval Italian graves in comparison with other ritual uses of coins, considering that funerary contexts cannot be properly understood without a full awareness of the role of coins in medieval mentality and religious sphere. The article proposes a role of coins as memory tokens, as well as chronological tokens (especially so when found in graves of saints), and similar interpretations are documented for coins offered in the foundation of buildings. This paper opened a discussion and further investigations of ritual uses of coins for the attention of archaeologists and Church historians

Un sistema di conto poco conosciuto : la « mano da quattro»

Summary. - The article is a contribution to historical metrology. A rare system of account is discussed, based on « a hand of four units », mentioned in a document dated Naples 1483 ; another example is dated Venice 1353. Such system of account was used to simplify reckoning of large sums. There is also evidence of a parallel use of Arabic and Roman numerals in the same document, with Arabic figures used for quick multiplication and Roman ones for writing the total.Résumé. - Cet article de métrologie historique traite d'un rare système de compte fondé sur une « main de quatre unités » (mano da quattró) mentionnée dans un document napolitain de 1483 ainsi que dans un acte vénitien de 1353. Ce système était destiné à simplifier le compte de sommes importantes. Le premier de ces documents témoigne aussi de l'usage parallèle des chiffres arabes et romains, ceux-là pour la multiplication rapide, ceux-ci pour inscrire le total.Travaini Lucia. Un sistema di conto poco conosciuto : la « mano da quattro». In: Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome 153, année 1998 pp. 327-334

La monetazione della Sicilia in epoca islamica

Questo testo presenta una ricognizione della storia degli studi sulla monetazione della Sicilia in epoca islamica dal Settecento fino ad oggi. La ricerca degli ultimi decenni ha permesso di arricchire le nostre conoscenze grazie alla pubblicazione di nuovi ripostigli (di quarti di dinar d’oro e kharrube d’argento) e di collezioni, e di materiali da scavo, inclusi i gettoni di vetro, di cui si discute la funzione. Il tutto contribuisce ad un quadro più chiaro della cultura monetaria. L’origine del quarto di dinar, preferito al dinar intero nella Sicilia islamica, è fatta derivare dal tremisse bizantino. Si è chiarita la fase di passaggio tra la dominazione islamica e quella normanna. Si ricorda il ruolo delle origini degli studi islamici in Sicilia, con note sul falsario Giuseppe Vella, sullo studioso Georg Adler, sul collezionismo erudito (monsignor Airoldi ; il principe di Torremuzza ; il cardinale Stefano Borgia).Travaini Lucia. La monetazione della Sicilia in epoca islamica. In: Mélanges de l'Ecole française de Rome. Moyen-Age, tome 116, n°1. 2004. La Sicile à l’époque islamique. pp. 303-317

A guide to the history of medieval and modern Italian mints (until the unification of Italy)

This piece is a brief outline of a research project

Provisini di Champagne nel Regno di Sicilia : problemi di datazione

Summary. — Many finds of provisini of Champagne from Central and Southern Italy offer an opportunity to verify the chronology of such coins, issued in the names of Thibaud II, Henri I and II, Thibaud III and IV. Hoards from Southern Italy confirm that these coins had been in circulation in the second half of the 12th century but not until the mid 13th century or later as some scholars believed. Coin circulation in the Kingdom of Sicily under Hohenstauufen rule in 13th century was strictly controlled by the state; hoard of this period do not normally contain foreign coins. It was then necessary to verify the dates of the presence of provisini in this area: were they the only foreign coins accepted in Soutern Italy in the first half of the 13th century? The answer is not: they belong to an earlier period, before a system of renovationes and control was put in place by the Hohenstaufen.Henri I, c. 1 160 Y tra due crescenti 18 Henri II, 1 1 80-97, Y tra Stella e anellino oYo Thibaut III о IV oYo Thibaut III о IV Y tra due crescenti.Travaini Lucia. Provisini di Champagne nel Regno di Sicilia : problemi di datazione. In: Revue numismatique, 6e série - Tome 154, année 1999 pp. 211-229

La monnaie à l’époque de Frédéric II

Avant de présenter mon esquisse sur le monnayage de Frédéric II, je voudrais mentionner un objet qui m’a beaucoup frappée. Il s’agit d’une broche avec un camée à l’aigle, produit typique de l’art frédéricien. Elle fait partie d’un trésor de Pologne découvert en 1988, à Środa Ślaşka. Dans ce trésor extraordinaire de monnaies et de bijoux déposé au XIVe siècle, la broche était plus ancienne et nous parle de Frédéric. On ne dispose pas toujours de trésors, mais ce sont des sources historiques tr..