Thrust belts of the southern Central Andes: Along-strike variations in shortening, topography, crustal geometry, and denudation

The Andean fold-and-thrust belts of westcentral Argentina (33 S and 36 S), above the normal subduction segment, present important along-strike variations in mean topographic uplift, structural elevation, amount and rate of shortening, and crustal root geometry. To analyze the controlling factors of these latitudinal changes, we compare these parameters and the chronology of deformation along 11 balanced crustal cross sections across the thrust belts between 70 W and 69 W, where the majority of the uppercrustal deformation is concentrated, and reconstruct the Moho geometry along the transects. We propose two models of crustal deformation: a 33 40 S model, where the locus of upper-crustal shortening is aligned with respect to the maximum crustal thickness, and a 35 40 S model, where the uppercrustal shortening is uncoupled from the lower-crustal deformation and thickening. This degree of coupling between brittle upper crust and ductile lower crust deformation has strong influence on mean topographic ele vation. In the northern sector of the study area, an initial thick and felsic crust favors the coupling model, while in the southern sector, a thin and mafic lower crust allows the uncoupling model. Our results indicate that interplate dynamics may control the overall pattern of tectonic shortening; however, local variations in mean topographic elevation, deformation styles, and crustal root geometry are not fully explained and are more likely to be due to upper-plate lithospheric strength variations.Fil: Giambiagi, Laura Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Mescua, Jose Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Bechis, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio. Universidad Nacional de Río Negro. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; ArgentinaFil: Tassara Oddo, Andres Humberto. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Hoke, Gregory D.. Syracuse University; Estados Unido

Natural toxicosis in calves by consumption of Xanthium cavanilliesii burs (Cocklebur) in a Pipinas’ farm, Buenos Aires, Argentine.

Se describe un caso de intoxicación natural por consumo de frutos de Xanthium cavanilliesii, ocurrido en el mes de Mayo de 2009 en un establecimiento ubicado en Pipinas, Partido de Punta Indio, Bs. As. Argentina. Se vieron afectados 65 terneros de raza Aberdeen Angus que se encontraban confinados en un corral de aproximadamente ½ ha y consumían una dieta de expeller de maíz y heno de campo natural, en forma de rollo. La presentación clínica fue de curso agudo y se manifestó como un cuadro neurológico. Se observó una morbilidad del 15,3% (10/65) y una letalidad del 100%. La principal lesión hallada a la necropsia se observó en el hígado y se interpretó como “reticulado tóxico”. En el contenido ruminal y en algunos rollos se halló gran cantidad de abrojos. La histopatología de hígado evidenció hemorragia y necrosis coagulativa con distribución centrolobulillar. El diagnóstico de la intoxicación se basó en la observación de la signología clínica, en la lesión hepática macroscópica e histopatológica y en la evidencia del consumo de abrojos contaminantes del rollo. La intoxicación por frutos de Xanthium cavanilliesii parece no haber sido documentada en Argentina, por lo que este seria el primer caso reportado en el país.The present report describes a case of natural toxicosis by consumption of burs Xanthium cavanilliesii (Cocklebur) occurred in May 2009 in a farm from Pipinas, Buenos Aires, Argentine. Sixty five Aberdeen Angus calves were affected while being fed a diet of corn expeller and round bale hay of natural pasture, confined in a corral of approximately ½ ha. Clinical manifestations were acute with neurologic signs. Morbidity was 15.3% (10/65) and lethality 100%. The most important gross lesion was observed in liver and interpreted as “toxic- reticulated”. Numerous cocklebur burs were found inside the rumen contents and some round bale hay. Histopathology examination of the liver revealed marked centrolobular degeneration and necrosis with associated hemorrhage. The diagnosis of intoxication was based on observation of clinical signs, the gross and histopathological liver lesion and the evidence of the consumption of burs in the round bale hays. To our knowledge cocklebur toxicosis with burs of Xanthium cavanilliesii have been not previously reported in Argentine, and this would be the first reported case.Centro de Diagnóstico e Investigaciones Veterinaria

Caso atípico de aneurisma disecante de aorta ascendente en un bovino Aberdeen Angus

Se describe un caso mortal de aneurisma aórtico disecante en una vaca Aberdeen Angus adulta, acontecido en un establecimiento del partido de Lezama, Pcia. de Bs. As. Argentina. Este tipo de lesiones vasculares son extremadamente raras en los bovinos. Los pocos reportes existentes en la bibliografía se refieren a aneurismas de vasos intra-abdominales en la raza Holstein; y principalmente afectan a la arteria gástrica izquierda, arteria celíaca, mesentérica craneal, aorta abdominal, arteria ruminal izquierda y derecha. Los aneurismas están bien descritos en humanos, y en menor medida en algunas especies de mamíferos y aves. En el hombre se relacionan fuertemente con arteriosclerosis, o con enfermedades hereditarias que afectan la producción de fibrilina (Síndrome de Marfan). En los equinos se reconoce como causa de aneurisma de la arteria mesentérica craneal a la migración de larvas de Strongylus vulgaris. En los pavos la ruptura espontánea de la aorta se asocia a carencia de cobre, malnutrición e hipertensión. La etiología en los bovinos permanece sin esclarecerse; aunque en algunos casos se ha trazado un paralelismo con el síndrome de Marfan humano. El objetivo de esta publicación es describir un caso de aneurisma de aorta ascendente, haciendo hincapié en los hallazgos macroscópicos e histopatológicos.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Aislamiento de <i>Brucella abortus</i> en felinos domésticos en la República Argentina

Se reporta el aislamiento de Brucella abortus a partir de felinos domésticos en la ciudad de La Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires (República Argentina), en el año 2017. Los aislamientos fueron obtenidos a través de hemocultivo, realizados a tres felinos reactores serológicos a la prueba de aglutinación en placa con antígeno bufferado (BPA). Los microorganismos aislados fueron identificados bioquímicamente por las pruebas aplicables al género y fenotípicamente por la Reacción en Cadena de la Polimersa (PCR). Confirmados por la Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud (INEI-ANLIS, Sección Brucelosis) como pertenecientes al género Brucella abortus biovariedad (bv.1). Como parte de un proyecto de extensión interinstitucional, durante el periodo 2017-2020, se procede a muestrear felinos que concurren a la Dirección de Zoonosis municipal para su esterilización. Se han aprobado para ello procedimientos para la toma de muestras (con destino a pruebas serológicas, cultivos y técnicas moleculares), dirigidas a la búsqueda de las principales zoonosis bacterianas y una encuesta que permite identificar diversos factores de riesgo, dirigidos especialmente a la ocurrencia de zoonosis.Trabajo publicado en Cagliada, Maria del Pilar Lilia y Galosi, Cecilia Mónica (comps.). I Congreso de Microbiología Veterinaria. Libro de resúmenes. La Plata: Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, 2021.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Evolution of shallow and deep structures along the Maipo-Tunuyán transect (33°40'S): From the Pacific coast to the Andean foreland

We propose an integrated kinematic model with mechanical constrains of the Maipo Tunuyán transect 33 40S across the Andes. The model describes the relation between horizontal shortening, uplift, crustal thickening and activity of the magmatic arc, while accounting for the main deep processes that have shaped the Andes since Early Miocene time. We construct a conceptual model of the mechanical interplay between deep and shallow deformational processes, which considers a locked subduction interface cyclically released during megathrust earthquakes. During the coupling phase, long-term deformation is confined to the thermally and mechanically weakened Andean strip, where plastic deformation is achieved by movement along a main décollement located at the base of the upper brittle crust. The model proposes a passive surface uplift in the Coastal Range as the master décollement decreases its slip eastwards, transferring shortening to a broad area above a theoretical point S where the master detachment touches the Moho horizon. When the crustal root achieves its actual thickness of 50 km between 12 and 10 Ma, it resists further thickening and gravity-driven forces and thrusting shifts eastwards into the lowlands achieving a total Miocene Holocene shortening of 71 km.Fil: Giambiagi, Laura Beatriz. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Tassara, Andrés. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Mescua, Jose Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Tunik, Maisa Andrea. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Álvarez, Pamela. Tehema S.A.; ChileFil: Godoy, Estanislao.Fil: Hoke, Greg. Syracuse University. College Of Arts And Sciences. Department Of Earth Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Pinto, Luisa. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Spagnotto, Silvana Liz. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Cs.fisico Matematicas y Naturales. Departamento de Fisica; ArgentinaFil: Porras, Hernán. Syracuse University; Estados UnidosFil: Tapia, Felipe. Syracuse University; Estados UnidosFil: Jara, Pamela. Universidad de Santiago de Chile; ChileFil: Bechis, Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Patagonia Norte. Instituto de Investigaciones en Diversidad Cultural y Procesos de Cambio; ArgentinaFil: Garcia, Victor Hugo. Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Suriano, Julieta. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Moreiras, Stella Maris. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Pagano Género, Diego Sebastián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentin

Appropriateness of antiplatelet therapy for primary and secondary cardio- and cerebrovascular prevention in acutely hospitalized older people

Aims: Antiplatelet therapy is recommended for the secondary prevention of cardio- and cerebrovascular disease, but for primary prevention it is advised only in patients at very high risk. With this background, this study aims to assess the appropriateness of antiplatelet therapy in acutely hospitalized older people according to their risk profile. Methods: Data were obtained from the REPOSI register held in Italian and Spanish internal medicine and geriatric wards in 2012 and 2014. Hospitalized patients aged ≥65 assessable at discharge were selected. Appropriateness of the antiplatelet therapy was evaluated according to their primary or secondary cardiovascular prevention profiles. Results: Of 2535 enrolled patients, 2199 were assessable at discharge. Overall 959 (43.6%, 95% CI 41.5–45.7) were prescribed an antiplatelet drug, aspirin being the most frequently chosen. Among patients prescribed for primary prevention, just over half were inappropriately prescribed (52.1%), being mainly overprescribed (155/209 patients, 74.2%). On the other hand, there was also a high rate of inappropriate underprescription in the context of secondary prevention (222/726 patients, 30.6%, 95% CI 27.3–34.0%). Conclusions: This study carried out in acutely hospitalized older people shows a high degree of inappropriate prescription among patients prescribed with antiplatelets for primary prevention, mainly due to overprescription. Further, a large proportion of patients who had had overt cardio- or cerebrovascular disease were underprescribed, in spite of the established benefits of antiplatelet drugs in the context of secondary prevention

Adherence to antithrombotic therapy guidelines improves mortality among elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: insights from the REPOSI study

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with a substantial risk of thromboembolism and mortality, significantly reduced by oral anticoagulation. Adherence to guidelines may lower the risks for both all cause and cardiovascular (CV) deaths. Methods: Our objective was to evaluate if antithrombotic prophylaxis according to the 2012 European Society of Cardiology (ESC) guidelines is associated to a lower rate of adverse outcomes. Data were obtained from REPOSI; a prospective observational study enrolling inpatients aged 6565&nbsp;years. Patients enrolled in 2012 and 2014 discharged with an AF diagnosis were analysed. Results: Among 2535 patients, 558 (22.0&nbsp;%) were discharged with a diagnosis of AF. Based on ESC guidelines, 40.9&nbsp;% of patients were on guideline-adherent thromboprophylaxis, 6.8&nbsp;% were overtreated, and 52.3&nbsp;% were undertreated. Logistic analysis showed that increasing age (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.01), heart failure (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.04), coronary artery disease (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.013), peripheral arterial disease (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.03) and concomitant cancer (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.003) were associated with non-adherence to guidelines. Specifically, undertreatment was significantly associated with increasing age (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.001) and cancer (p&nbsp;&lt;&nbsp;0.001), and inversely associated with HF (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.023). AF patients who were guideline adherent had a lower rate of both all-cause death (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.007) and CV death (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.024) compared to those non-adherent. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis showed that guideline-adherent patients had a lower cumulative risk for both all-cause (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.002) and CV deaths (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.011). On Cox regression analysis, guideline adherence was independently associated with a lower risk of all-cause and CV deaths (p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.019 and p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.006). Conclusions: Non-adherence to guidelines is highly prevalent among elderly AF patients, despite guideline-adherent treatment being independently associated with lower risk of all-cause and CV deaths. Efforts to improve guideline adherence would lead to better outcomes for elderly AF patients

Prognostic value of degree and types of anaemia on clinical outcomes for hospitalised older patients

Study objective This study investigated in a large sample of in-patients the impact of mild-moderate-severe anaemia on clinical outcomes such as in-hospital mortality, re-admission, and death within three months after discharge. Methods A prospective multicentre observational study, involving older people admitted to 87 internal medicine and geriatric wards, was done in Italy between 2010 and 2012. The main clinical/laboratory data were obtained on admission and discharge. Based on haemoglobin (Hb), subjects were classified in three groups: group 1 with normal Hb, (reference group), group 2 with mildly reduced Hb (10.0–11.9 g/dL in women; 10.0–12.9 g/dL in men) and group 3 with moderately-severely reduced Hb (<10 g/dL in women and men). Results Patients (2678; mean age 79.2 ± 7.4 y) with anaemia (54.7%) were older, with greater functional impairment and more comorbidity. Multivariable analysis showed that mild but not moderate-severe anaemia was associated with a higher risk of hospital re-admission within three months (group 2: OR = 1.62; 95%CI 1.21–2.17). Anaemia failed to predict in-hospital mortality, while a higher risk of dying within three months was associated with the degree of Hb reduction on admission (group 2: OR = 1.82;95%CI 1.25–2.67; group 3: OR = 2.78;95%CI 1.82–4.26) and discharge (group 2: OR = 2.37;95%CI 1.48–3.93; group 3: OR = 3.70;95%CI 2.14–6.52). Normocytic and macrocytic, but not microcytic anaemia, were associated with adverse clinical outcomes. Conclusions Mild anaemia predicted hospital re-admission of older in-patients, while three-month mortality risk increased proportionally with anaemia severity. Type and severity of anaemia affected hospital re-admission and mortality, the worst prognosis being associated with normocytic and macrocytic anaemia

Risk factors for three-month mortality after discharge in a cohort of non-oncologic hospitalized elderly patients: Results from the REPOSI study

Background: Short-term prognosis, e.g. mortality at three months, has many important implications in planning the overall management of patients, particularly non-oncologic patients in order to avoid futile practices. The aims of this study were: i) to investigate the risk of three-month mortality after discharge from internal medicine and geriatric wards of non-oncologic patients with at least one of the following conditions: permanent bedridden status during the hospital stay; severely reduced kidney function; hypoalbuminemia; hospital admissions in the previous six months; severe dementia; ii) to establish the absolute risk difference of three-month mortality of bedridden compared to non-bedridden patients. Methods: This prospective cohort study was run in 102 Italian internal medicine and geriatric hospital wards. The sample included all patients with three-months follow-up data. Bedridden condition was defined as the inability to walk or stand upright during the whole hospital stay. The following parameters were also recorded: estimated GFR <= 29 mL/min/1.73 m(2); severe dementia; albuminemia << 2.5 g/dL; hospital admissions in the six months before the index admission. Results: Of 3915 patients eligible for the analysis, three-month follow-up were available for 2058, who were included in the study. Bedridden patients were 112 and the absolute risk difference of mortality at three months was 0.13 (CI 95% 0.08-0.19, p << 0.0001). Logistic regression analysis also adjusted for age, sex, number of drugs and comorbidity index found that bedridden condition (OR 2.10, CI 95% 1.12-3.94), severely reduced kidney function (OR 2.27, CI 95% 1.22-4.21), hospital admission in the previous six months (OR 1.96, CI 95% 1.22-3.14), severe dementia (with total or severe physical dependence) (OR 4.16, CI 95% 2.39-7.25) and hypoalbuminemia (OR 2.47, CI 95% 1.12-5.44) were significantly associated with higher risk of three-month mortality. Conclusions: Bedridden status, severely reduced kidney function, recent hospital admissions, severe dementia and hypoalbuminemia were associated with higher risk of three-month mortality in non-oncologic patients after discharge from internal medicine and geriatric hospital wards

Defining aging phenotypes and related outcomes: Clues to recognize frailty in hospitalized older patients

Background: Because frailty is a complex phenomenon associated with poor outcomes, the identification of patient profiles with different care needs might be of greater practical help than to look for a unifying definition. This study aimed at identifying aging phenotypes and their related outcomes in order to recognize frailty in hospitalized older patients. Methods: Patients aged 65 or older enrolled in internal medicine and geriatric wards participating in the REPOSI registry. Relationships among variables associated to sociodemographic, physical, cognitive, functional, and medical status were explored using a multiple correspondence analysis. The hierarchical cluster analysis was then performed to identify possible patient profiles. Multivariable logistic regression was used to verify the association between clusters and outcomes (in-hospital mortality and 3-month postdischarge mortality and rehospitalization). Results: 2,841 patients were included in the statistical analyses. Four clusters were identified: the healthiest (I); those with multimorbidity (II); the functionally independent women with osteoporosis and arthritis (III); and the functionally dependent oldest old patients with cognitive impairment (IV). There was a significantly higher in-hospital mortality in Cluster II (odds ratio [OR] = 2.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-4.46) and Cluster IV (OR = 5.15, 95% CI = 2.58-10.26) and a higher 3-month mortality in Cluster II (OR = 1.66, 95% CI = 1.13-2.44) and Cluster IV (OR = 1.86, 95% CI = 1.15-3.00) than in Cluster I. Conclusions: Using alternative analytical techniques among hospitalized older patients, we could distinguish different frailty phenotypes, differently associated with adverse events. The identification of different patient profiles can help defining the best care strategy according to specific patient needs