Eficacia de la técnica de balón intragástrico junto con un programa en terapia y modificación de conducta en pacientes obesos con y sin trastorno por atracón.

Introducción: La obesidad debe de ser considerada como un trastorno crónico, epidémico y de abordaje terapéutico complejo. Ante el alto índice de fracasos hacia los métodos conservadores, defendemos la técnica de balón intragástrico junto con un programa en terapia y modificación de conducta que ayude al paciente a reducir su peso, a modificar hábitos y mejorar su calidad de vida con el objetivo final de mantenimiento de por vida. Objetivos: Evaluar la eficacia terapéutica en pérdida de peso de participantes obesos adultos con y sin trastorno por atracón utilizando la técnica de balón intra gástrico junto con un programa en terapia y modificación de conducta de 24 meses de duración. Evaluar la influencia del trastorno por atracón concurrente a la obesidad así como los cambios psicológicos que presentan los participantes antes y después del tratamiento sobre la insatisfacción con la imagen corporal, autoestima y sintomatología ansiosa depresiva. Hipótesis: Hemos planteado varias hipótesis de trabajo desde las que proponemos que los pacientes obesos sin trastorno por atracón conseguirían una mayor pérdida de peso y una mejora más notable en la modificación de hábitos y estilo de vida. Por otro lado también hemos planteado que la comorbilidad con el trastorno por atracón en obesidad condiciona a una mayor sintomatología ansioso - depresiva, mayor insatisfacción con la imagen corporal y menor grado de autoestima. También que el trastorno por atracón junto síndrome de ingesta nocturno genera en los pacientes los máximos niveles de ansiedad. Método: Diseño cuasi experimental, mixto longitudinal con medidas repetidas, datos independientes y comparando resultados intra y entre grupos. Los participantes fueron 133 adultos y todos ellos pacientes diagnosticados en una unidad clínica de obesidad con un IMC mayor o igual a 30. Todos ellos clasificados en tres grupos en función siguiendo criterios diagnósticos DSM IV sobre el trastorno por atracón (sin trastorno por atracón, trastorno por atracón completo, trastorno por atracón parcial). Variables registradas (clínicas, antropométricas y psicométricas) se registraron antes de iniciar el tratamiento, a los 6m 12 y 24 meses. Análisis estadístico SPPSS.18 Conclusiones: 1. - Los pacientes obesos con y sin trastorno por atracón consiguen un promedio significativo de pérdida de peso de 20 Kg durante los primeros seis meses con un mantenimiento de resultados durante los 18 meses de tratamiento y seguimiento. 2. -Existen diferencias significativas en la modificación de los hábitos y estilo de vida ante la presencia o no del trastorno por atracón en obesidad. 3. -Mayor insatisfacción con la imagen corporal entre los pacientes obesos con trastorno por atracón que entre aquellos que no presentan el trastorno. 4. - Mayor sintomatología ansioso depresiva y menor grado de autoestima en obesidad cuando está presente el trastorno por atracón. 5. - La comorbilidad conjunta del trastorno por atracón y síndrome de ingesta nocturno (night eating disorder) determina la mayor sintomatología ansiosa en obesidad. 6. - Notable mejora terapéutica cognitiva conductual con mejor curso entre los pacientes obesos sin trastorno por atracón.Directors: Dra. Rosa Mª Raich Escursell & Dra. Marisol Mora Giral. Objectives To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of a 24 month behavioral modification therapy program in obese adult patients with and without binge eating disorder who are using the intragastric balloon for weight loss. To evaluate the influence of binge eating disorder occurring with obesity as well as the psychological changes that the participants demonstrate before and after the treatment in respect to poor body image, self esteem, and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Hypothesis We have developed several working hypotheses proposing that obese patients without binge eating disorders achieve greater weight loss and more notable improvement in habit and lifestyle modification. In addition we propose that the co-morbidity of binge eating disorder with obesity creates more symptoms of anxiety and depression, greater dissatisfaction with body image and a lower self esteem. We also propose that night eating disorder creates the highest levels of anxiety in patients. Methodology Quasi experimental mixed longitudinal design, with repeated measurements, independent data, and results compared within and between groups. The participants were 133 adults with a BMI greater or equal to 30. All of them were patients who had been diagnosed in a health and nutrition unit. They were classified in three functional groups according to the diagnostic criteria of the DSM IV for binge eating disorder, (no binge eating disorder, full binge eating disorder, and partial binge eating disorder.) The variables documented (clinical, anthropometric and psychometric) were documented before the beginning of treatment and at 6 ,12, and 24 months. Conclusions 1. Obese patients with and without binge eating disorder can achieve a significant weight loss of an average of 20 kilos during the first six months and maintain this weight loss.for the following 18 months. 2. There are significant differences in habit and lifestyle modification between obese patients with and obese patients without binge eating disorder. 3. There is more dissatisfaction with body image in obese patients with binge eating disorder than in patients who do not have this disorder. 4. More symptoms of anxiety and depression and lower self esteem are present in obese patients with binge eating disorder. 5. Co morbidity of binge eating disorder and night eating disorder result in the highest level of anxiety symptoms in obese patients. 6. The efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy is greater in patients without binge eating disorder

Development and quality evaluation of small rock oyster sauce from Saccostrea spp.

Small rock oyster (Saccostrea spp.) are abundant in the Province of Samar and presently there is no oyster sauce produced from this species available in the Philippine markets. Hence, this study aimed to produce small rock oyster sauce at different concentrations (i.e. 70, 80 and 90%; treatments 1–3) and investigated their microbial and sensorial qualities. Based on the result of the overall acceptability of sensory evaluation, treatment 1 containing 70% of small rock oyster extract showed no significant difference with the control commercial oyster sauce suggesting that the treatment 1 is the most acceptable product. There is no microbiological standard limit for fermented fishery products in the Philippines. The total plate counts of the treatments ranged from 3.64 to 4.62 log CFU ml–1. Halophilic bacteria were present in all treatments, ranging from 3.49 – 4.67 log CFU ml–1. Also, lactic acid bacteria were detected in all treatments, ranged from 1.75 – 3.07 CFU ml–1. This study concludes that the small rock oyster sauce produced locally can compete with the available commercial oyster sauces in the market

Infrared spectroscopy and microscopy in cancer research and diagnosis

Since the middle of the 20th century, infrared (IR) spectroscopy coupled to microscopy has been used as a non destructive, label free, highly sensitive and specific analytical method to reveal molecular structure. Nowadays, synchrotron based IR microspectroscopy offers a signal-to-noise spectral quality unreachable by other broadband sources, and achieves the highest optically attainable IR spatial resolution on microscopic scale samples. This is particularly relevant in Life Sciences, with a significant progression of applications in biomedical research and in particular cancer studies. In view of the validation of the IR fingerprint region as a spectral marker of cancer and anticancer therapy follow up, we have recently performed a set of key experiments on leukemic blasts at the IR beamline B22 \u2018MIRIAM\u2019. The results on identification and cross-validation of IR markers of drug actions in the spectra of K562 leukemic blasts are in the following report

The Role of the Tumor Suppressor Gene Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Gamma in Cancer

Members of the Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase (PTPs) family are associated with growth regulation and cancer development. Acting as natural counterpart of tyrosine kinases (TKs), mainly involved in crucial signaling pathways such as regulation of cell cycle, proliferation, invasion and angiogenesis, they represent key parts of complex physiological homeostatic mechanisms. Protein tyrosine phosphatase gamma (PTPRG) is classified as a R5 of the receptor type (RPTPs) subfamily and is broadly expressed in various isoforms in different tissues. PTPRG is considered a tumor-suppressor gene (TSG) mapped on chromosome 3p14-21, a region frequently subject to loss of heterozygosity in various tumors. However, reported mechanisms of PTPRG downregulation include missense mutations, ncRNA gene regulation and epigenetic silencing by hypermethylation of CpG sites on promoter region causing loss of function of the gene product. Inactive forms or total loss of PTPRG protein have been described in sporadic and Lynch syndrome colorectal cancer, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, ovarian, breast, and lung cancers, gastric cancer or diseases affecting the hematopoietic compartment as Lymphoma and Leukemia. Noteworthy, in Central Nervous System (CNS) PTPRZ/PTPRG appears to be crucial in maintaining glioblastoma cell-related neuronal stemness, carving out a pathological functional role also in this tissue. In this review, we will summarize the current knowledge on the role of PTPRG in various human cancers

Current Views on the Interplay between Tyrosine Kinases and Phosphatases in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Simple SummaryThe chromosomal alteration t(9;22) generating the BCR-ABL1 fusion protein represents the principal feature that distinguishes some types of leukemia. An increasing number of articles have focused the attention on the relevance of protein phosphatases and their potential role in the control of BCR-ABL1-dependent or -independent signaling in different areas related to the biology of chronic myeloid leukemia. Herein, we discuss how tyrosine and serine/threonine protein phosphatases may interact with protein kinases, in order to regulate proliferative signal cascades, quiescence and self-renewals on leukemic stem cells, and drug-resistance, indicating how BCR-ABL1 can (directly or indirectly) affect these critical cells behaviors. We provide an updated review of the literature on the function of protein phosphatases and their regulation mechanism in chronic myeloid leukemia.Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by BCR-ABL1 oncogene expression. This dysregulated protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK) is known as the principal driver of the disease and is targeted by tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Extensive documentation has elucidated how the transformation of malignant cells is characterized by multiple genetic/epigenetic changes leading to the loss of tumor-suppressor genes function or proto-oncogenes expression. The impairment of adequate levels of substrates phosphorylation, thus affecting the balance PTKs and protein phosphatases (PPs), represents a well-established cellular mechanism to escape from self-limiting signals. In this review, we focus our attention on the characterization of and interactions between PTKs and PPs, emphasizing their biological roles in disease expansion, the regulation of LSCs and TKI resistance. We decided to separate those PPs that have been validated in primary cell models or leukemia mouse models from those whose studies have been performed only in cell lines (and, thus, require validation), as there may be differences in the manner that the associated pathways are modified under these two conditions. This review summarizes the roles of diverse PPs, with hope that better knowledge of the interplay among phosphatases and kinases will eventually result in a better understanding of this disease and contribute to its eradication

Revisiting the Role of Leukocytes in Cystic Fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis in characterized by pulmonary bacterial colonization and hyperinflammation. Lymphocytes, monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells of patients with CF express functional CFTR and are directly affected by altered CFTR expression/function, impairing their ability to resolve infections and inflammation. However, the mechanism behind and the contribution of leukocytes in the pathogenesis of CF are still poorly characterized. The recent clinical introduction of specific CFTR modulators added an important tool not only for the clinical management of the disease but also to the investigation of the pathophysiological mechanisms related to CFTR dysfunction and dysregulated immunity. These drugs treat the basic defect in cystic fibrosis (CF) by increasing CFTR function with improvement of lung function and quality of life, and may improve clinical outcomes also by correcting the dysregulated immune function that characterizes CF. Measure of CFTR function, protein expression profiling and several omics methods were used to identify molecular changes in freshly isolated leukocytes of CF patients, highlighting two roles of leukocytes in CF: one more generally related to the mechanism(s) causing immune dysregulation in CF and unresolved inflammation, and another more applicative role, which identifies in myeloid cells, an important tool predictive of the therapeutic response of CF patients. In this review we will summarize available data on CFTR expression and function in leukocyte populations and will discuss potential clinical applications based on available data

A Comprehensive Review of Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase Gamma (PTPRG) Role in Health and Non-Neoplastic Disease

Protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor gamma (PTPRG) is known to interact with and regulate several tyrosine kinases, exerting a tumor suppressor role in several type of cancers. Its wide expression in human tissues compared to the other component of group 5 of receptor phosphatases, PTPRZ expressed as a chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in the central nervous system, has raised interest in its role as a possible regulatory switch of cell signaling processes. Indeed, a carbonic anhydrase-like domain (CAH) and a fibronectin type III domain are present in the N-terminal portion and were found to be associated with its role as [HCO 3 − ] sensor in vascular and renal tissues and a possible interaction domain for cell adhesion, respectively. Studies on PTPRG ligands revealed the contactins family (CNTN) as possible interactors. Furthermore, the correlation of PTPRG phosphatase with inflammatory processes in different normal tissues, including cancer, and the increasing amount of its soluble form (sPTPRG) in plasma, suggest a possible role as inflammatory marker. PTPRG has important roles in human diseases; for example, neuropsychiatric and behavioral disorders and various types of cancer such as colon, ovary, lung, breast, central nervous system, and inflammatory disorders. In this review, we sum up our knowledge regarding the latest discoveries in order to appreciate PTPRG function in the various tissues and diseases, along with an interactome map of its relationship with a group of validated molecular interactors

A PRODUÇÃO DE CARNE OVINA EM MATO GROSSO DO SUL E AS POTENCIALIDADES PARA O TURISMO E A GASTRONOMIA

A criação de ovinos está associada à ocupação do território de Mato Grosso do Sul desde o século XVIII. Esta característica foi reforçada posteriormente com a chegada de imigrantes que tinham a tradição de consumo desta carne. A gastronomia baseada em carne ovina tem potencial em se transformar em produto turístico complementar às atrações já existentes em Mato Grosso do Sul. Foi realizada uma pesquisa exploratória, com uso de dados secundários. Estes dados foram complementados com uma pesquisa de campo com os freqüentadores de bares noturnos de Campo Grande. A amostra foi composta por 341 questionários, com nível de confiabilidade de 95% e margem de erro de 4,8%. A percepção de que a carne ovina é ótima ou boa atingiu 82,5% dos entrevistados. Dos entrevistados, 70,4% afirmaram que consumiriam carne ovina se estivesse disponível. Os principais motivos alegados para não consumir carne ovina foram o fato de não gostar da carne (36,6%) e a preferência por outras carnes (24,7%). O prato preferido foram iscas de filé para 64,3% dos entrevistados e pratos da culinária do oriente médio para 39,3%. Inserir o produto nos festivais culinários já existentes em Mato Grosso do Sul é uma forma de aproveitar eventos já consolidados para promover a carne ovina.------------------------The sheep husbandry is related to the occupation of Mato Grosso do Sul territory since the XVIII century. This feature was enhanced later with the arrival of immigrants who had the tradition of this kind of meat. The gastronomy based on lamb meat has the potential to become a tourist product to complement existing attractions in Mato Grosso do Sul. A search was conducted a exploratory search, with the use of secondary data. These data were supplemented with a search with the night bars public of Campo Grande. The sample was composed of 341 questionnaires, with level of reliability of 95% and error margin of 4.8%. The perception that the sheep meat is good or excellent reached 82.5% of respondents. If the lamb meat were available in the menu, 70.4% of respondents said that consumed these food. The main reasons alleged for not consume lamb meat were the fact do not like the meat (36.6%) and the preference for other meat (24.7%). Fillet snacks were the dish preferred for 64.3% of respondents and 39.3% preferred Middle East dishes. Insert this product in existing culinary festivals in Mato Grosso do Sul is a way to take events already consolidated to promote the lamb meat.ovinocultura, carne ovina, turismo, gastronomia, heep husbandry, lamb meat, tourism, gastronomy, Livestock Production/Industries,

Cost-utility of denosumab for the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in Spain

The objective of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of denosumab for fracture prevention compared with no treatment, generic bisphosphonates, and strontium ranelate in a cohort of osteoporotic postmenopausal women in Spain

Interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α enhance p60src expression in human macrophages and myelomonocytic cell lines

AbstractWe investigated modulation of p60src expression in human mononuclear phagocytes. By analysis of [35S]methionine-labelled cells we found that synthesis of p60src is higher in human monocytes compared to macrophages derived from in vitro cultivation of monocytes. Western blot analysis showed that expression of p60src in monocyte-derived macrophages can be enhanced if monocytes are differentiated into macrophages in the presence of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), or tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Enhanced p60src expression caused by IFN-γ or TNF-a correlated with an enhanced autophosphorylating kinase activity assayed in anti-p60src immune precipitates. In vivo phosphorylation of p60src and analysis of phosphopeptides by tryptic digestion showed that treatment with cytokines did not affect the pattern of phosphorylation of distinct phosphopeptides. The human monocytic cell lines, U937 and HL-60, induced to differentiate along the monocytic pathway by IFN-γ, or a combination of IFN-γ and TNF-α, expressed higher amounts of the p60src, but not of the p59fyn or p62yes, kinase activity. These findings show that p60src is modulated in the course of differentiation of human monocytes to macrophages, and that macrophage-activating cytokines increase p60src expression in human monocyte-derived macrophages