Cumprimento do contrato psicológico e atitudes : o papel moderador da segurança de emprego e da empregabilidade

Tese de mestrado, Psicologia (Secção de Psicologia de Recursos Humanos, do Trabalho e das Organizações), 2008, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Psicologia e de Ciências da EducaçãoO presente estudo procurou conhecer os efeitos do cumprimento do contrato psicológico relacional e balanceado nas atitudes dos empregados, especificamente, na satisfação e implicação organizacional. Adicionalmente, analisou-se o papel moderador da percepção de segurança de emprego e de empregabilidade nesta relação. Numa amostra constituída por 128 empregados do escritório de Lisboa de uma multinacional, o cumprimento dos dois tipos de contratos psicológicos teve um efeito positivo na satisfação e implicação dos empregados. A percepção de segurança de emprego amplificou significativamente a relação entre o cumprimento do contrato psicológico relacional e a implicação organizacional, não tendo o mesmo efeito na satisfação. Adicionalmente, a percepção de empregabilidade não teve um efeito significativo na relação entre o cumprimento do contrato psicológico balanceado e a satisfação e implicação. Este último resultado sugere que, para o contrato psicológico balanceado, a empregabilidade percepcionada pelos empregados pode ter duas consequências opostas: ser um factor base para a continuidade deste tipo de relação e ao mesmo tempo ser um factor que favorece a saída dos empregados por estes adquirirem competências com valia no mercado de trabalho.The present study aimed to understand the effects of the relational and balanced psychological contract fulfillment on employee's attitudes, mainly, on satisfaction and organizational commitment. Additionally, it analyzed the moderator role of the perception of job security and employability in this relation. In a sample of 128 employees from the Lisbon office of a multinational, the fulfillment of the two types of psychological contract had a positive effect on employee's satisfaction and commitment. The perception of job security amplified significantly the relation between relational psychological contract fulfillment and commitment, not having the same effect on satisfaction. Additionally, the perception of employability didn't had a significant effect on the relationship between the balanced psychological contract fulfillment and satisfaction and commitment. This last result suggests that for the balanced contract psychological, employability perceived by employees may have two opposite consequences: it may be a base factor for the maintenance of this type of relationship and at the same time be a factor that favors the turnover of employees because they acquire skills that are valued in the labor market

UMA ANÁLISE DA PRODUÇÃO CIENTÍFICA NOS PERIÓDICOS DE TURISMO SOBRE O TEMA COMPORTAMENTO DO CONSUMIDOR EM TURISMO

Considerando a importância das pesquisas sobre comportamento do consumidor para a atividade turística e, levando em conta o recente crescimento da área de turismo, buscou-se no presente trabalho inventariar e caracterizar as publicações entre anos de 2000 e 2010 em periódicos de relevância reconhecida no Brasil, abordando temas relacionados ao comportamento do consumidor no turismo. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo, com pesquisa documental, abarcando o conjunto de artigos publicados nos periódicos da área de turismo classificados no sistema “Qualis” da CAPES. Foram encontrados 62 artigos, os quais foram classificados por meio da metodologia sugerida por Hoppen et al. (1997). Entre as variáveis analisadas para cada artigo estão: natureza da pesquisa; embasamento conceitual e questão de pesquisa; desenho de pesquisa; instrumento de medida e coleta de dados; e apresentação dos resultados A análise temporal contemplou os periódicos entre os anos 2000 e 2010. A análise dos dados demonstrou um grande interesse nas pesquisas exploratórias e quantitativas, no entanto, levantou uma preocupação quanto a alguns aspectos relevantes em se tratando de qualidade metodológica de pesquisa, entre os quais, amostragem probabilística e hipóteses de pesquisa, fato este que foi apontado também pelos autores como as principais limitações da pesquisa

MLST reveals a clonal population structure for Cryptococcus neoformans molecular type VNI isolates from clinical sources in Amazonas, Northern-Brazil

Cryptococcosis is considered endemic in Amazonas state, occurring more frequently in individuals with AIDS, who are predominantly infected by Cryptococcus neoformans molecular type VNI. Infections by Cryptococcus gattii VGII predominate in immunocompetent hosts from the American continent and are associated with outbreaks in North America, particularly the subtypes VGIIa and VGIIb, which are also present in the Brazilian Amazon region. Despite few environmental studies, several aspects of the molecular epidemiology of this disease in Amazonas remain unclear, including the limited use of multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to evaluate the genetic population structure of clinical isolates, mainly C. neoformans. Therefore, we used MLST to identify the sequence types of 38 clinical isolates of C. neoformans VNI and C. gattii VGII and used phylogenetic analysis to evaluate their genetic relationship to global isolates. Records of 30 patients were analyzed to describe the current scenario of cryptococcosis in the region and their associations with the different subtypes. Broth microdilution was also performed to determine the susceptibility profile to the antifungals amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole. MLST identified that patients with HIV (n = 26) were exclusively affected by VNI strains with ST93, and among the VGII strains (n = 4), three STs (ST5, ST172 and the new ST445) were identified. An in-hospital lethality of 54% was observed in the HIV group, and there were no significant differences in the clinical aspects of the disease between the HIV and non-HIV groups of patients. In addition, all isolates were susceptible to the antifungals tested. Therefore, in Amazonas state, VNI isolates are a genetically monotypic group, with ST93 being highly important in HIV individuals. © 2018 Rocha et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited

Chemical Composition and In Vitro

The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and the identification and quantification of components were achieved with the use of GC-MS analysis. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the method of sequestration of DPPH. Essential oils were used for study the cytotoxic front larvae of Artemia salina. In the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of essential oils, we employed the disk-diffusion method. The potential larvicide in mosquito larvae of the third stage of development of Aedes aegypti to different concentrations of essential oils was evaluated. The major compounds found in the essential oils of M. piperita were linalool (51.8%) and epoxyocimene (19.3%). The percentage of antioxidant activity was 79.9±1.6%. The essential oil showed LC50 = 414.6 μg/mL front of A. saline and is considered highly toxic. It shows sensitivity and halos significant inhibition against E. coli. The essential possessed partial larvicidal efficiency against A. aegypti

Avanços recentes na compreensão da patogênese da Artrite Reumatoide: insights e implicações terapêuticas

A artrite reumatoide (AR) é uma doença autoimune sistêmica que afeta cerca de 1% da população mundial. Caracterizada por inflamação sinovial crônica e erosões ósseas progressivas, a AR provoca deformidade articular e incapacidade funcional, prejudicando seriamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. A patogênese da AR é complexa e envolve uma interação dinâmica entre fatores genéticos, imunológicos e ambientais. Nesta revisão, analisamos aprofundadamente o papel da imunidade inata e adaptativa na patogênese da AR e exploramos os avanços recentes na terapêutica da doença, com destaque para os medicamentos modificadores da doença (DMARDs), tanto biológicos quanto sintéticos. Discutimos também as perspectivas futuras para a pesquisa em AR e o desenvolvimento de terapias, com o objetivo de identificar as áreas de pesquisa mais promissoras e as lacunas ainda presentes no nosso entendimento

Correlations between Risk Factors for Breast Cancer and Genetic Instability in Cancer Patients- A Clinical Perspective Study

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.Molecular epidemiological studies have identified several risk factors linking to the genes and external factors in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In this sense, genetic instability caused by DNA damage and DNA repair inefficiencies are important molecular events for the diagnosis and prognosis of therapies. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze correlation between sociocultural, occupational, and lifestyle risk factors with levels of genetic instability in non-neoplastic cells of breast cancer patients. Total 150 individuals were included in the study that included 50 breast cancer patients submitted to chemotherapy (QT), 50 breast cancer patients submitted to radiotherapy (RT), and 50 healthy women without any cancer. Cytogenetic biomarkers for apoptosis and DNA damage were evaluated in samples of buccal epithelial and peripheral blood cells through micronuclei and comet assay tests. Elder age patients (61–80 years) had higher levels of apoptosis (catriolysis by karyolysis) and DNA damage at the diagnosis (baseline damage) with increased cell damage during QT and especially during RT. We also reported the increased frequencies of cytogenetic biomarkers in patients who were exposed to ionizing radiation as well as for alcoholism and smoking. QT and RT induced high levels of fragmentation (karyorrhexis) and nuclear dissolution (karyolysis) and DNA damage. Correlations were observed between age and karyorrhexis at diagnosis; smoking and karyolysis during RT; and radiation and karyolysis during QT. These correlations indicate that risk factors may also influence the genetic instability in non-neoplastic cells caused to the patients during cancer therapies

SARS-CoV-2 introductions and early dynamics of the epidemic in Portugal

Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal was rapidly implemented by the National Institute of Health in the early stages of the COVID-19 epidemic, in collaboration with more than 50 laboratories distributed nationwide. Methods By applying recent phylodynamic models that allow integration of individual-based travel history, we reconstructed and characterized the spatio-temporal dynamics of SARSCoV-2 introductions and early dissemination in Portugal. Results We detected at least 277 independent SARS-CoV-2 introductions, mostly from European countries (namely the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Italy, and Switzerland), which were consistent with the countries with the highest connectivity with Portugal. Although most introductions were estimated to have occurred during early March 2020, it is likely that SARS-CoV-2 was silently circulating in Portugal throughout February, before the first cases were confirmed. Conclusions Here we conclude that the earlier implementation of measures could have minimized the number of introductions and subsequent virus expansion in Portugal. This study lays the foundation for genomic epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Portugal, and highlights the need for systematic and geographically-representative genomic surveillance.We gratefully acknowledge to Sara Hill and Nuno Faria (University of Oxford) and Joshua Quick and Nick Loman (University of Birmingham) for kindly providing us with the initial sets of Artic Network primers for NGS; Rafael Mamede (MRamirez team, IMM, Lisbon) for developing and sharing a bioinformatics script for sequence curation (https://github.com/rfm-targa/BioinfUtils); Philippe Lemey (KU Leuven) for providing guidance on the implementation of the phylodynamic models; Joshua L. Cherry (National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health) for providing guidance with the subsampling strategies; and all authors, originating and submitting laboratories who have contributed genome data on GISAID (https://www.gisaid.org/) on which part of this research is based. The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not reflect the view of the National Institutes of Health, the Department of Health and Human Services, or the United States government. This study is co-funded by Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia and Agência de Investigação Clínica e Inovação Biomédica (234_596874175) on behalf of the Research 4 COVID-19 call. Some infrastructural resources used in this study come from the GenomePT project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-022184), supported by COMPETE 2020 - Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalisation (POCI), Lisboa Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Lisboa2020), Algarve Portugal Regional Operational Programme (CRESC Algarve2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), and by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio