Serviços multimédia multicast de próxima geração

Mestrado em Engenharia Electrónica e TelecomunicaçõesUma das mais recentes conquistas na evolução móvel foi o 3G, permitindo o acesso a serviços multimédia com qualidade de serviço assegurada. No entanto, a tecnologia UMTS, tal como definida na sua Release ’99, é apenas capaz de transmitir em modo unicast, sendo manifestamente ineficiente para comunicações multimédia almejando grupos de utilizadores. A tecnologia IMS surge na Release 5 do 3GPP que começou a responder já a algumas necessidades, permitindo comunicações sobre IP oferecendo serviços Internet a qualquer momento e em qualquer lugar sobre tecnologias de comunicação móveis fornecendo pela primeira vez sessões multimédia satisfatórias. A Release 6 por sua vez trouxe a tecnologia MBMS que permite transmissões em broadcast e multicast para redes móveis. O MBMS fornece os serviços de aplicações multimédia que todos estavam à espera, tanto para os utilizadores como para os prestadores de serviços. O operador pode agora fazer uso da tecnologia existente aumentando todo o tipo de benefícios no serviço prestado ao cliente. Com a possível integração destas duas tecnologias passa a ser possível desenvolver serviços assentes em redes convergentes em que os conteúdos são entregues usando tecnologias unicast, multicast ou broadcast. Neste contexto, o principal motivo deste trabalho consiste essencialmente em fazer uso dos recursos da rede terminando com o desperdício dos mesmos e aumentando a eficiência dos serviços através da integração das tecnologias IMS e MBMS. O trabalho realizado começa com o estudo do estado da arte das telecomunicações móveis com referência às tecnologias referidas, seguindo-se a apresentação da possível integração IMS-MBMS e terminando com o projecto de uma plataforma de demonstração que no futuro possa ser uma implementação de serviço multimédia multicast. O objectivo principal é mostrar os benefícios de um serviço que era normalmente executado em unicast relativamente ao modo multicast, fazendo uso da nova convergência de tecnologias IMS e MBMS. Na conclusão do trabalho são referidas as vantagens do uso de portadoras multicast e broadcast, tendo como perspectiva de que este trabalho possa ser um ponto de partida para um novo conjunto de serviços poupando recursos de rede e permitindo uma eficiência considerável em serviços inovadores.3G is bang up to date in the mobile phone industry. It allows access to multimedia services and gives a guarantee of quality of service. The UMTS technology, defined in 3GPP Release ’99, provides an unicast transmission, but it is completely inefficient when it comes to multimedia group communications. The IMS technology first appeared in Release 5 that has already started to consider the interests of the clients. It provides communications over IP, offering Internet services anytime, anywhere on mobile communication technologies. Also, it offers for the first time satisfactory multimedia sessions. On the other hand, Release 6 gave rise to the MBMS technology that provides broadcast and multicast transmissions for mobile networks. The MBMS provides multimedia applications services that everyone was waiting, including users and service providers. Now the operator makes use of existing technology in order to provide better costumer services. The possible integration of these two technologies will contribute to develop services based on converged networks in which contents are delivered through the unicast, multicast or broadcast technologies. Therefore, the objective of this work is basically to make use of network resources avoiding wastes and improving customer services through the integration of the IMS and the MBMS technologies. The executed work starts with the mobile telecommunications state of the art with reference to the referred technologies, followed by the IMS-MBMS convergence presentation and finishing with the proposal for implementation of a service platform that can be used for a multimedia multicast service. The main point is to show the benefits of a service that has been normally executed in unicast mode over the multicast mode, making use of the new IMS and MBMS technologies integration. To closure the work it is referred the advantages to use multicast and broadcast bearers, with the perspective that this work could be a starting point to a new set of services, saving network resources and allowing for innovate services a considerable efficency

Diversity of the arthropod fauna in organically grown garlic intercropped with fodder radish.

The cultivation of garlic faces several problems, which include pest attack, and the diversification of habitat through intercropping with attractive plants comes up as a method to pest management. The objective of this research was to verify the effect of the association of garlic with fodder radish on richness, abundance and diversity of arthropods under organic production system in Lavras, MG, Brazil. The treatments were composed of garlic in monoculture and garlic in association with fodder radish, in plots of 40 garlic plants, intercropped or not with two lines of fodder radish. Weekly, 25 samples were collected for a period of 10 weeks (n=250). Species accumulation curves, species richness, abundance, and diversity index were determined, and T or Mann-Whitney tests were used for analysis. The 250 samples collected were sufficient to register the majority of species present in garlic. Richness and abundance were higher in diversified garlic whereas diversity was higher in monoculture. Diversified system increased the overall richness of phytophagous species and parasitoids. The abundance of T. tabaci decreased, while increased the presence of A. fabae, demonstrating that the association was potentially beneficent to the culture. The possible reasons for these results are discussed, and future works should focus in the ecological mechanisms involved in crop diversification of organic garlic

Chatbot de Suporte para Plataforma de Marketing Multicanal

E-goi is an organization which provides automated multichannel marketing possibilities. Given its system’s complexity, it requires a not so smooth learning curve, which means that sometimes costumers incur upon some difficulties which directs them towards appropriate Costumer Support resources. With an increase in the number of users, these Costumer Support requests are somewhat frequent and demand an increase in availability in Costumer Support channels which become inundated with simple, easily-resolvable requests. The organization idealized the possibility of automating significant portion of costumer generated tickets with the possibility of scaling to deal with other types of operations. This thesis aims to present a long-term solution to that request with the development of a chatbot system, fully integrated with the existing enterprise modules and data sources. In order to accomplish this, prototypes using several Chatbot management and Natural Language Processing frameworks were developed. Afterwards, their advantages and disadvantages were pondered, followed by the implementation of its accompanying system and testing of developed software and Natural Language Processing results. Although the developed overarching system achieved its designed functionalities, the master’s thesis could not offer a viable solution for the problem at hand given that the available data could not provide an intent mining model usable in a real-world context.A E-goi é uma organização que disponibiliza soluções de marketing digital automatizadas e multicanal. Dada a complexidade do seu Sistema, que requer uma curva de aprendizagem não muito suave, o que significa que os seus utilizadores por vezes têm dificuldades que os levam a recorrer aos canais de Apoio ao Cliente. Com um aumento de utilizadores, estes pedidos de Apoio ao Cliente tornam-se frequentes e requerem um aumento da disponibilidade nos canais apropriados que ficam inundados de pedidos simples e de fácil resolução. A organização idealizou a possibilidade de automatizar uma porção significativa de tais pedidos, podendo escalar para outro tipo de operações. Este trabalho de mestrado visa apresentar uma proposta de solução a longo prazo para este problema. Pretende-se o desenvolvimento de um sistema de chatbots, completamente integrado com o sistema existente da empresa e variadas fontes de dados. Para este efeito, foram desenvolvidos protótipos de várias frameworks para gestão de chatbots e de Natural Language Processing, ponderadas as suas vantagens e desvantagens, implementado o sistema englobante e realizados planos de testes ao software desenvolvido e aos resultados de Natural Language Processing. Apesar do sistema desenvolvido ter cumprido as funcionalidades pelas quais foi concebido, a tese de mestrado não foi capaz de obter uma solução viável para o problema dado que com os dados disponibilizados não foi possível produzir um modelo de deteção de intenções usável num contexto real

Politique environnementale

Os números recentes da educação no Brasil revelam desempenhos ruins dos estudantes nos níveis de educação elementar e básica, que constituem o alicerce da educação superior. Esse cenário foi o principal motivador para o desenvolvimento da abordagem exploratória apresentada no presente artigo. Fundamentada em dimensões e critérios presentes em estudos científicos e no emprego de um método de apoio à decisão (ELECTRE TRI) e da análise dos Quartis, a abordagem proposta buscou avaliar e classificar a qualidade de uma Instituição de Ensino Médio (IEM), segundo a percepção do corpo docente e discente. Por meio de um estudo realizado em um campus de um Instituto Federal de Educação Tecnológica, o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach (1951) foi utilizado para medir a confiabilidade dos questionários, enquanto a análise dos Quartis foi utilizada para determinar os itens mais críticos. Os resultados indicam que os questionários são válidos e confiáveis. Déficit de aprendizado acumulado pelos alunos em níveis anteriores de ensino, o desinteresse na participação das aulas e no aprofundamento do conteúdo das disciplinas e a falta de estudos em casa são alguns itens mais críticos, segundo a percepção dos docentes. Por outro lado, a falta de clareza na explicação da disciplina, a falta de domínio da turma e a frequência de uso de laboratórios e recursos audiovisuais são alguns dos itens mais críticos, segundo a percepção dos discentes. Ao desenvolver essa abordagem exploratória para avalição e diagnóstico de IEM, espera-se contribuir com os gestores dessas instituições para que ações precisas com relação à melhoria da qualidade do ensino médio possam planejadas e executadas pelos órgãos oficiais

Adequação dos exames de radiologia solicitados por um departamento de emergência: um estudo retrospetivo

Imaging tests are essential for diagnosis in the emergency context and convey clinical information that is essential to assess the appropriateness of the tests and improve their interpretation. Therefore, we aimed to analyze the imaging tests requested by the Emergency Department in a district hospital.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Smart human mobility in smart cities

Nowadays, society has challenged the scienti c community to nd solutions able to use technology to solve the gentri cation3 of city centers. Within this context, smart cities have had an important role because they view each citizen as a data source. In the same way, the Internet of Things network increases the number of physical devices generating peta-bytes of information into a Smart city architecture. Thus an appropriate Machine Learning approach is required to process and analyze collected data. In this paper, we apply three di erent Machine Learning techniques such as Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM), and a combined architecture, which we call CNN-LSTM, to the data generated by LinkNYC Kiosks devices | based on the city of New York |, and come to the conclusion the combined model gets better results in predicting human mobility

IoT architecture proposal from a survey of pedestrian-oriented applications

The significant improvement in the field of Internet of Things (IoT) has made human life more sophisticated. In fact, the IoT is covering devices and appliances that support one or more common ecosystems, and can be controlled via devices associated with that ecosystem. This control is only possible by building an architecture. Whether in indoor or outdoor environments, IoT services are only available to individuals or pedestrians because a IoT architecture enables that the quality of its components (i.e. Cloud/Fog servers, protocol communication and IoT devices) and the way they interact are directly correlated in terms of effectiveness and applicability. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of an architecture in pedestrian-oriented applications in an IoT environment. Moreover, our survey has taken into account the main challenges and limitations of each component of IoT technology

Representing human mobility patterns in urban spaces

Human mobility is important in understanding urban spaces. Citizens interact with urban spaces using the available infrastructures, not just in the mobility sector but in public services, and in Information and Communications Technology (ICT) services, that simultaneously record their footprints. Besides, the number of mobile users is increasing very rapidly in the Internet of Things (IoT) era. These additional devices will produce a great amount of data and create new big challenges for network infrastructure. Because of this new connectivity platform, and the fast growth of wireless communication, it’s important to discuss the arrival of 5G systems. They will have a large impact on coverage, spectral efficiency, data rate of global mobile traffic, and IoT devices, and in turn it will be possible to analyze the lifestyle and understand the mobility of people, such as the most frequently visited urban spaces. Therefore, this paper is relevant in the context of smart cities and will allow for an easy connection between citizens and technology innovation hub, acquiring detailed data on human movements. Based on the analysis of generated data we try to widen this view and present an integrated approach to the analysis of human mobility using LinkNYC kiosks and 311 Service Requests in New York city

WalkingStreet: understanding human mobility phenomena through a mobile application

Understanding human mobility patterns requires access to timely and reliable data for an adequate policy response. This data can come from several sources, such as mobile devices. Additionally, the wide availability of communications networks enables applications (mobile apps) to generate data anytime and anywhere thanks to their general adoption by individuals. Although data is generated from personal devices, if a relevant set of metrics is applied to it, it can become useful for the authorities and the community as a whole. This paper explores new methods for gathering and analyzing location-based data using a mobile application called WalkingStreet. The article also illustrates the great potential of human mobility metrics for moving spatial measures beyond census units, key measures of individual, collective mobility and a mix of the two, investigating a range of important social phenomena, the heterogeneity of activity spaces and the dynamic nature of spatial segregation.This work has been supported by FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia within the R&D Units Project Scope: UIDB/00319/2020. It has also been supported by national funds through FCT – Funda¸c˜ao para a Ciˆencia e Tecnologia through project UIDB/04728/2020