Conversion Total Hip Arthroplasty: Perioperative and Postoperative Outcomes with the ABLE Approach

The ABLE™ Approach for Conversion Total Hip Arthroplasty decreases surgical duration and length of stayhttps://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2023/1022/thumbnail.jp

Shortening the Postoperative Length of Stay following Total Knee Arthroplasty does not Negatively Impact Short-term Patient Outcomes; a Retrospective Review of the Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Safely Decreasing Postoperative Length of Stay for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) Patients Following the COVID-19 Pandemichttps://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2023/1024/thumbnail.jp

The Use of the iPACK Block with the Adductor Canal Block (ACB) Decreases 48-hour Narcotic Usage and Postoperative Pain following Total Knee Arthroplasty

Adductor Canal and iPACK Blocks reduce pain levels and narcotic consumption following Total Knee Arthroplastyhttps://knowledgeconnection.mainehealth.org/lambrew-retreat-2023/1023/thumbnail.jp

The Role of STK35 in Germ Cell Development and Fertility

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of STK35 in germ cell development and fertility. Due to its high expression at the RNA level, in both ovaries and testes, it was hypothesized that an absence of STK35 will alter germ cell development and the phenotype of gonads and negatively impact male and female fertility. The expression of STK35 protein was investigated in gonads through western blot and immunostaining. To determine the role of STK35 in germ cells testicular and ovarian phenotype in mice lacking functional Stk35 gene was performed. For this project, phenotypic analysis was focused on Stk35 knockout males, and immunostaining of histological sections from PO and 1 month old mice was used to observe the numbers and development of germ cells in the testes. Sections of gonads confirmed a significant decrease in the number of germ cells in STK35 deficient males and females already at birth, indicating that the defects in germ cell development occur earlier during fetal development. However, the few germ cells present in the ovary and testis seem to progress normally through meiosis. Results show that the knockout of Stk35 yields a phenotype of decreased numbers of germ cells and that STK.35 may play a role during primordial germ cell proliferation and/or migration. This study contributes to our understanding of proteins involved in germ cell development, strengthening the ability to treat and diagnose human infertility in the future

Outcomes of morbidly obese patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty with the anterior-based muscle-sparing approach

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of hip osteoarthritis, resulting in an increased number of total hip arthroplasties (THAs) performed annually. This study examines the peri- and postoperative outcomes of morbidly obese (MO) patients (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m) compared to healthy weight (HW) patients (BMI 18.5 to \u3c 25 kg/m) who underwent a THA using the anterior-based muscle-sparing (ABMS) approach. This retrospective cohort study observes peri- and postoperative outcomes of MO and HW patients who underwent a primary, unilateral THA with the ABMS approach. Data from surgeries performed by three surgeons at a single institution was collected from January 2013 to August 2020 and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and Stata 17.0. This study compares 341 MO to 1,140 HW patients. Anaesthesia, surgery duration, and length of hospital stay was significantly lower in HW patients compared to MO. There was no difference in incidence of pulmonary embolism, periprosthetic fracture, or dislocation between the two groups. The rate of infection in MO patients (1.47%) was significantly higher than HW patients (0.14%). Preoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) show a significantly higher pain level in MO patients and a significantly lower score in functional abilities. Overall, six-week and one-year postoperative data show higher levels of pain, lower levels of functional improvement, and lower satisfaction scores in the MO group. The comorbidities of obesity are well studied; however, the implications of THA using the ABMS approach have not been studied. Our peri- and postoperative results demonstrate significant improvements in PROMs in MO patients undergoing THA. However, the incidence of deep infection was significantly higher in this group compared with HW patients

Decreased expression of ErbB2 on left ventricular epicardial cells in patients with diabetes mellitus

We investigated the cell surface expression of ErbB receptors on left ventricular (LV) epicardial endothelial cells and CD105 cells obtained from cardiac biopsies of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgery (CABG). Endothelial cells and CD105 non-endothelial cells were freshly isolated from LV epicardial biopsies obtained from 15 subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) and 8 controls. The expression of ErbB receptors was examined using flow cytometry. We found that diabetes mellitus (DM) and high levels of hemoglobin A1C are associated with reduced expression of ErbB2. To determine if the expression of ErbB2 receptors is regulated by glucose levels, we examined the effect of high Glucose in human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and CD105 non-endothelial cells, using a novel flow cytometric approach to simultaneously determine the total level, cell surface expression, and phosphorylation of ErbB2. Incubation of cells in the presence of 25 mM d-glucose resulted in decreased cell surface but not total levels of ErbB2. The level of ErbB2 at the cell surface is controlled by disintegrin and metalloproteinase domain-containing protein 10 (ADAM10) that is expressed on LV epicardial cells. Inhibition of ADAM10 prevented the high glucose-dependent decrease in the cell surface expression of ErbB2. We suggest that high Glucose depresses ErbB receptor signaling in endothelial cells and cardiac progenitor cells via the promotion of ADAM10-dependent cleavage of ErbB2 at the cell surface, thus contributing to vascular dysfunction and adverse remodeling seen in diabetic patients

Decreased expression of ErbB2 on left ventricular epicardial cells in patients with diabetes mellitus.

We investigated the cell surface expression of ErbB receptors on left ventricular (LV) epicardial endothelial cells and CD10

A global synthesis of the marine and terrestrial evidence for glaciation during the Pliocene Epoch

The Pliocene climate is globally warm and characterised by high atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, yet the terrestrial and marine scientific communities have gathered considerable evidence for substantial glaciation events in both the Northern and Southern Hemisphere prior to the Quaternary. Evidence on land is fragmentary, but marine records of glaciation present a more complete history of Pliocene glaciation. Here we present a global compilation of the terrestrial and marine glacial evidence for the Pliocene and demonstrate four glaciation events that can be identified in the Southern and/or Northern Hemisphere prior to the latest Pliocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation. There are two globally recognisable glacial events in the early Pliocene (c. 4.9–4.8 Ma and c. 4.0 Ma), one event around the early/late Pliocene transition (c. 3.6 Ma), and one event during Marine Isotope Stage M2 (c. 3.3 Ma). Long-term climate cooling, decreasing carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere and high climate sensitivity in the Pliocene probably facilitated each glaciation event, however the mechanisms behind the early Pliocene glacial events are unclear. The global glaciation at c. 3.3 Ma may be caused by changes in ocean gateways, whereas the decline in carbon dioxide concentrations is important for the latest Pliocene intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation