Analisis SER (Symbol Error Rate)Pada MIMO untuk Orthogonal STBC dan Quasi-Orthogonal STBC

Masalah gangguan pada kanal atau multipath fading dapat diatasi dengan sistem MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output). Sistem ini menggunakan sejumlah antena pengirim dan sejumlah antena penerima.Hal tersebut bertujuan untuk menjadikan sinyal pantulan sebagai penguat sinyal utama sehingga saling mendukung atau tidak saling menggagalkan. Selain itu sistem ini juga secara signifikan mampu meningkatkan troughput data dan range (jangkauan) komunikasi tanpa lebar pita (bandwidth) frekuensi dan daya pancar tambahan. Fading merupakan penurunan dan fluktuasi daya sinyal pada penerima. Fadingmenyebabkan kondisi dimana sinyal tidak dapat lagi dikenali pada proses pengembalian sinyal kedalam bentuk informasi. Fadingdapat dikategorikan kedalam dua bagian yaitu large-scle fading yang berkaitan dengan path-lossdan small-scale fading yang berkaitan dengan lintasan jamak antara pemancar dan penerima. Jika dipandang pada bagaimana pengaruh kanal pada dimensi waktu dan frekuensi mempengaruhi sinyal, maka kanal dapat dikelompokan kedalam kanal flat fadingdan kanal frequency selective fading. Sedangkan jika dipandang pada seberapa cepat sinyal yang dikirim mengalami Perubahan bila dibandingkan dengan seberapa cepat Perubahan darikanal, kanal dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam kanal yang fast fadingdan kanal slow fading

Sistem Informasi Pengkreditan Nasabah pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Baru Kota Ternate Berbasis Web

Tujuan Penelitian ini untuk merancang sistem informasi pengajuan kredit berbasis Web pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Baru Kota Ternate. Penilitian dilakukan pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Baru Kota Ternate, Metode Pengumpulan Data yang digunakan adalah observasi dan wawancara dengan melakukan Analisa sistem dan merancang sistem dengan Model Berbasis Object, Sistem ini dibangun menggunakan Bahasa Pemrograman HTML, CSS, MySQL, dengan adanya sistem ini diharapkan memudahkan Pimpinan dalam pengambilan keputusan dengan proses monitoring hasil pengajuan kredit serta mempermudah nasabah dalam melakukan pengajuan kredit pada Koperasi Simpan Pinjam Sejahtera Baru Kota Ternate pada Websit

تأثير طريقة الغناء على إتقان المفردات لطلاب في المدرسة الثانوية دار العلوم الثاني راسو باتنج هاري

ملخص البحث محمد شمس الدين, 2021 م, تأثير طريقة الغناء على إتقان المفردات لطلاب في المدرسة الثانوية دار العلوم الثاني راسو باتنج هاري. المشرف الأول : الدكتور الحاج محمد فاضيل الماجستير, والمسرف الثاني الدكتورة يسريني الماجستيرة. الكلمات الأساسية : طريقة الغناء, اتقان المفردات اللغة العربية تناقس هذه الرسالة تأثير طريقة الغناء في تحسين إتقان المفردات العربية لطلاب في المدرسة الثانوية دار العلوم الثاني. الأهداف هي: 1). لمعرفة حجم درجة إتقان المفردات العربية لطلاب الذين يستخدمون طريقة الغناء في مدرسة الثانوية دار العلوم الثاني ب). لمعرفة حجم درجة إتقان المفردات العربية لطلاب مدرسة الثانوية الثاني الذين لا يستخدمون طريقة الغناء ت). لمعرفة مدى الاختلاف في درجات إتقان المفردات العربية بين الطلاب الذين يستخدمون طريقة الغناء والطلاب الذين لا يستخدمون طريقة الغناء ث) لمعرفة ما إذا كان هناك تأثير كبير استخدام طريقة الغناء على إتقان المفردات العربية في المدرسة الثانوية دار العلوم الثاني راسو باتنج هاري. هذا البحث هو بحث كمي يستخدم quasi eksperimental design جمع البيانات باستخدام طريقة المراقبة والاختبار والتوثيق. أما بالنسبة للمواد البحثة فكان طلاب الصف السابع أ حيث بلغ عدد طلاب الفصل التجريبي 22 طلاب والفصل السابع ب حيث بلغ مجموع الصف الضابط 22 طلاب. من نتائج تحليل البحث تشير الى ان نتائج متوسط قيمة post-test (77,72) من 22 طلاب أعلى من متوسط القيمة pre-test (55,23) من 22 طلاب. وبالتالي Ha مقبول. لذلك هناك تأثير كبير بعد العلاج. التالي, قام الباحثون بتحليل قيمة t حساب واختبار t ≤ t جدول (2,29 ≤ 2.02) وبالتالي Ha مقبول. أي, هناك تأثير معنوي لإتقان المفردات لطلاب الذين يستخدمون طريقة الغناء مع الطلاب الذين لا يستخدمون طريقة الغناء في فصل السابع مدرسة الثانوية دار العلوم الثاني راسو باتنج هاري

Development of Porous PCL Based Microcarrier

Polycaprolactone (PCL) has been used for cell cultivation due to its biocompatibility. PCL microcarrier featuring microporous structure were generated in the present study. PCL-based porous microcarrier was fabricated with different parameters by using emulsion evaporation method. From the study, size distribution of the microcarrier and the size of pore generated on microcarrier were affected by most of the parameters tested such as sterring speed, PVA concentration, camphene concentration, temperature and ratio between PCL and solvent.  Optimum pore size was generated at 20% camphene concentration with the average size of 11.74 µm which is conducive for cells to attached and populated well within the pores.  The surface properties of developed porous can be improved for potential application in cell culture research and development, as well as in tissue engineering

Effect of organic and inorganic dietary selenium supplementation on gene expression in oviduct tissues and Selenoproteins gene expression in Lohman Brown-classic laying hens

Background: The oviduct of a hen provides a conducive environment for egg formation, which needs a large amount of mineral elements from the blood via trans-epithelial permeability. Eggshell is the calcified layer on the outside of an egg that provides protection and is critical for egg quality. However, little is known about the genes or proteins involved in eggshell formation, and their relationship to dietary microminerals. We hypothesized that dietary selenium supplementation in chickens will influence genes involved in eggshell biomineralization, and improve laying hen antioxidant capacity. The objective of this research was to investigate how organic and inorganic dietary selenium supplementation affected mRNA expression of shell gland genes involved in eggshell biomineralization, and selenoproteins gene expression in Lohman Brown-Classic laying hens. Results: Shell gland (Uterus) and liver tissue samples were collected from hens during the active growth phase of calcification (15-20 h post-ovulation) for RT-PCR analysis. In the oviduct (shell gland and magnum) and liver of laying hens, the relative expression of functional eggshell and hepatic selenoproteins genes was investigated. Results of qPCR confirmed the higher (p < 0.05) mRNA expression of OC-17 and OC-116 in shell gland of organic Se hen compared to inorganic and basal diet treatments. Similarly, dietary Se treatments affected the mRNA expression of OCX-32 and OCX-36 in the shell gland of laying hens. In the magnum, mRNA expression of OC-17 was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in hens fed-bacterial organic, while OC-116 mRNA expression was down-regulated in dietary Se supplemented groups compared to non-Se supplemented hens. Moreover, when compared to sodium selenite, only ADS18 bacterial Se showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher mRNA levels in GPX1, GPX4, DIO1, DIO2 and SELW1, while Se-yeast showed significantly (p < 0.05) higher mRNA levels in TXNRD1 than the non-Se group. Conclusions: Dietary Se supplementation especially that from a bacterial organic source, improved shell gland and hepatic selenoproteins gene expression in laying hens, indicating that it could be used as a viable alternative source of Se in laying hens. The findings could suggest that organic Se upregulation of shell gland genes and hepatic selenoproteins in laying hens is efficient

ASIL determination for motorbike’s Electronics Throttle Control System (ETCS) mulfunction

Electronics Throttle Control System (ETCS) is the principal electronic unit in all fuel injection engine motorbike, augmenting the engine performance efficiency in comparison to the conventional carburetor based engine. ETCS is regarded as a safety-critical component, whereby ETCS malfunction can cause unintended acceleration or deceleration event, which can be hazardous to riders. In this study, Hazard Analysis and Risk Assessment, an ISO26262 functional safety standard analysis has been applied on motorbike’s ETCS to determine the required automotive safety integrity level. Based on the analysis, the established automotive safety integrity level can help to derive technical and functional safety measures for ETCS development

Sistem Pemetaan Suhu Permukaan Lahan Menggunakan Sensor Inframerah untuk Pendeteksi Dini Kebakaran

Saat ini kebakaran lahan sering terjadi di Indonesia. Pencegahan dapat dilakukan dengan cara mendeteksi titik panas (hotspot) sebelum terjadinya kebakaran. Titik panas adalah daerah yang memiliki suhu permukaan relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan daerah di sekitarnya. Pada penelitian ini telah dirancang suatu sistem pencegahan yang dapat memetakan suhu suatu permukaan area atau lahan. Pengukur suhu berupa sensor inframerah thermopile akan mengukur intensitas cahaya inframerah yang terpancar dari suatu titik atau objek tanpa kontak. Intensitas cahaya inframerah ini proporsional terhadap suhu objek tersebut. Tegangan keluaran dari sensor thermopile dikuatkan oleh rangkaian pengondisi sinyal dan kemudian dibaca Analog to Digital Converter pada mikrokontroler Arduino Nano. Sistem pemindai yang menggunakan motor servo dan motor stepper digunakan untuk mengubah arah titik pengukuran suhu beberapa titik dalam area lahan sehingga suhu suatu area di sekitar sistem dapat dipetakan. Data-data suhu pada area tersebut kemudian divisualisasikan pada perangkat lunak pemetaan komputer yang dirancang menggunakan IDE Microsoft Visual Studio. Sistem pengukur suhu berdasarkan sensor inframerah thermopile dapat mengukur suhu tanpa kontak dengan rerata kesalahan sebesar 6,4% pada rentang pengukuran suhu 37 ºC s.d. 170 ºC

Color detection using non-target reflectivity plastic optical fiber displacement sensor

A simple plastic optical fiber displacement sensor has been demonstrated as a non-contact color detection device. The sensitivity of the sensor is 0.0228, 0.1718, 0.1122, 0.106, and 0.1267 mW/mm for black, blue, green, red, and white, respectively. The experimental results prove that as the color changes from dark to bright, the peak output power increases proportionally. The proposed sensor is highly stable and persistent, with additional advantages of practicality of design, high efficiency, comprehensive depth of field, and low cost of production, which could be beneficial for applications in the sensing field

Effects of bacterial organic selenium, selenium yeast and sodium selenite on antioxidant enzymes activity, serum biochemical parameters, and selenium concentration in Lohman brown-classic hens

This study compares the effects of sodium selenite, selenium yeast, and enriched bacterial organic selenium protein on antioxidant enzyme activity, serum biochemical profiles, and egg yolk, serum, and tissue selenium concentration in laying hens. In a 112-d experiment, 144 Lohman Brown Classic hens, 23-wks old were divided into four equal groups, each has six replicates. They were assigned to 4 treatments: 1) a basal diet (Con), 2) Con plus 0.3 mg/kg feed sodium selenite (SS); 3) Con plus 0.3 mg/kg feed Se-yeast (SY): 4) Con plus 0.3 mg/kg feed bacterial enriched organic Se protein (ADS18) from Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bacteria. On d 116, hens were euthanized (slaughtered) to obtain blood (serum), liver organ, and breast tissue to measure antioxidant enzyme activity, biochemical profiles, and selenium concentration. The results show that antioxidant enzyme activity of hens was increased when fed bacterial organic Se (ADS18), resulting in a significant (P < 0.05) increase in serum GSH-Px, SOD, and CAT activity compared to other treatment groups. However, ADS18 and SY supplementation increase (P < 0.05) hepatic TAC, GSH-Px, and CAT activity, unlike the SS and Con group. Similarly, dietary Se treatment reduced total cholesterol and serum triglycerides concentrations significantly (P < 0.05) compared to the Con group. At 16 and 18 weeks, selenium concentration in hen egg yolks supplemented with dietary Se was higher (P < 0.05) than in Con, with similar patterns in breast tissue and serum. Supplementation with bacterial organic Se (ADS18) improved antioxidant enzyme activity, decreased total serum cholesterol and serum lipids, and increased Se deposition in egg yolk, tissue, and serum. Hence, organic Se may be considered a viable source of Se in laying hens