Abuse of Islamic Law and Child Marriage in South-Sulawesi Indonesia

This article examines the prevalence of child marriage in South-Sulawesi Indonesia including people’s perceptions and its factors contributing to child marriage and the use religion to justify their actions. They perceive child marriage as the marriage conducted prior to the age of 16 for woman and of 19 for man as stipulated in the Marriage Law No.1 of 1974, as well as the marriage before ‘akil balig’. Various determinants for child marriage are cultural norms or values of ‘siri’ (shame) for family honour; family prestige and kinship; uneducated parents; economic burden for family and inconsistency in legislation. No religious teachings or Islamic Law clearly support the prevalence of child marriage because the purpose of marriage in Islam is to perform a happy and harmonious relationship among the couple. The use of the Prophet Muhammad’s marriage to Aisha in the age of six as the fundamental basis for child marriage is unjustified.[Tulisan ini membahas kasus-kasus pernikahan anak di Sulawesi Selatan, termasuk persepsi masyarakat dan faktor-faktor pendukungnya diantaranya penggunaan dalil agama (Islam) untuk membenarkan tindakan tersebut. Masyarakat memahami pernikahan anak sebagaimana tercantum dalam UU Pernikahan No. 1 Tahun 1974 bahwa pernikahan anak terjadi pada usia dibawah 19 tahun bagi laki-laki dan 16 tahun bagi perempuan dan atau mereka yang belum akil balig’. Beberapa factor dominan dalam pernikahan anak antara lain; norma adat lokal (‘siri), kehormatan keluarga dan kerabat, orangtua yang kurang terpelajar, beban ekonomi keluarga dan ketidakkonsisten penegakan peraturan. Pada dasarnya tidak ada ajaran Islam atau fiqih yang secara tegas mendukung pernikahan anak karena tujuan dari pernikahan dalam Islam adalah kebahagiaan dan keharmonisan hubungan antar suami istri. Menggunakan rujukan pernikahan Nabi Muhammad dengan Aisyah saat usia enam tahun merupakan perkara yang tidak bisa dibenarkan.

PENGAWASAN INSPEKTORAT KABUPATEN DALAM PENGELOLAAN DANA DESA PERSPEKTIF HUKUM TATA NEGARA ISLAM

Dana desa wajib dikelola secara transparan, efektif dan efisien guna peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, untuk memastikan pengelolaanya sesuai dengan ketentuan tentu diperlukan unsur pengawasan dan salah satunya oleh Inspektorat Kabupaten. Penulisan ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif lapangan. Dana desa merupakan dana yang bersumber dari APBN yang tujuannya untuk menggerakkan pembangunan di desa, sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat desa. Pengelolaan dana desa yang tidak didukung oleh ketersediaan sumber daya manusia berpotensi menimbulkan pelbagai permasalahan, sehingga dibutuhkan pengawasan Inspektorat sebagai aparat pengawasan intern yang dimiliki oleh Kabupaten Sidrap. Peran Inspektorat diharapkan dapat berkontribusi terhadap akuntabilitas penyelenggaraan pemerintahan di daerah, termasuk dilevel pemerintahan desa, sehingga proses pembangunan dan pelayanan dapat terjaga mutunya. Inspektorat dengan segala kekurangan dan hambatan yang dihadapi, diharapkan menjadi leader dalam melakukan koordinasi, kontroling, mendorong terciptanya reformasi birokrasi dan tata kelola pemerintah yang baik. Dalam Islam, terdapat sebuah organ yang bernama muhtasib, yang secara khusus bertugas melaksanakan amar ma’ruf dan nahi mungkar dan memiliki kekuasaan untuk memberikan hukuman bagi pelanggaran.Kata Kunci: Dana Desa; Inspektorat; Pengawasa

Analisis Terhadap Praktek Terorisme Atas Nama Jihad

Discourses on terrorism and jihad have been intensively discussed after September 11, 2001. Some argue that terrorism and jihad are correlated. In fact, terrorism and jihad substantially differ. Terrorism tends to be revolutionary and destructive that cause panics and fears, and it acts based on no clear principles, while jihad tends to improve human's safety and welfare personally or collectively, and the actions of it base on clear principles. Some Muslims, particularly radical Muslims, in which they commit terrorism as an actualization of jihad. This is due to internal and external factors. Internally, it is related to their limited understanding towards Islamic texts in which they use textual approach. Externally, socio cultural and political factors of Muslim community lead terrorists to commit terrorism

Kontrak Non Competition Clause Terhadap Perusahaan Franchise

Studi ini bertujuan mengangkat permasalahan tentang bagaimanakah kalusula dalam Kontrak Non Competition Clause terhadap para pihak diperusahaan franchise dikota MAKASSAR (BURGER KING) dan bagaimana pelaksanaan serta perlindungan hukum terhadap para pihak dalam perjanjian kontrak Non Competition Clause pada perusahaan Franchise di Kota MAKASSAR (BURGER KING). Data penelitian yang digunakan yaitu lapangan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di restaurant Burger King berlamat di Jl. Tun abd Razak Kota MAKASSAR. Hasil penelitian Menunjukan Bahwa Klausula dalam Kontrak Non Conpetition Clause berisi seorang pekerja tidak dapat bekerja di perusahaan yang sama atau merupakan kompetitior tersebut dan tidak boleh membuka usaha yang sama dengan perusahaan Burger King. Dan perlindungan Hukum kedua belah pihak.Seorang karyawan atau mantan karyawa tidak dapat membocorkan rahasia perusahaan sesuai dengan undang-undang rahasia dagang.Karyawan dapat membatalkan kapanpun perjanjian kontrak kerja apabila merasa hak-hak konstitutusinya di renggut oleh perusahaan

Kehujjahan Istihsan dan Implikasinya dalam Istimbat Hukum

Penyebab perselisihan   ulama dalam menerima atau menolak istihsan sebagai salah satu dalil hukum, dapat diaktakan bahwa sebenarnya letak perbedaan tersebut hanyalah pada persoalan peristilahan. Ulama yang menolak istihsan dalam kenyataannya tidak berbeda pendapat dengn ulama yagn menerimanya, misalmnay dalam persoalan mudharabah (bagi hasil), me- ninggalkan puasa bagi musafir dalam bulan ramadhan dan lain- lain. Namun tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa perbedaan yang muncul dikalangan ulama tidak terlepas dari perbedaan sudut pandangmereka dalam mengkaji suatu masalah. Dalam hal ini mereka berbeda dalam menggunakan metode istimbat hukum seperti istihsan, istishab dan lain-lain aygn sangat berimplikasi pada pengambilan keputusan terakhir.

Implikasi Hukum Surah Al-Fatihah dalam Jami' Al-Bayan'an Ta'Wil Ayy Al-Qur'an Karya Ibn Jarir Al-Thabariy

Among the narrative based exegesis books is Jami 'al-Ayy Bayan'an ta'wil al-Qur'an, better known as the exegesis of Ibn Jarir al-Thabariy, which identified with his name: Abu Ja'far Muhammad ibn Jarir ibn Yazid ibn Kathir ibn Ghalib al-Thabariy (224-310 H). This book is the first monumental work in early development of the Qur’anic interpretation and has been a main reference for commentators up to the present time. In fact, it is regarded as an unmatched encyclopedia in its field. How this book explores the chapter al-Fatihah makes the subject matter discussed in this article. The article analyzes the methods of interpretation used by al-Thabary in interpreting the chapter al-Fatihah through an exegesis approach, and comes up, through a critical content analysis, with results indicating that the structure of interpretation applied by al-Thabary in interpreting the chapter al-Fatihah is narrative (bi al-ma'tsur), while the method used is analytical (tahlily), and the style of analysis is socio-civic (adab-ijtima'iyi). Al-Thabary’s interpretation looks different from other commentators’ tradition not only for its being moderate in interpreting every phrase from the chapter al-Fatihah, but also for its relatively thorough exploration of different reading methods (qira'ah) have ever been applied for the chapter al-Fatihah. 

Hukum Islam Indonesia sebagai Role Model Islam Nusantara

This paper analyzes the distinction of Islamic law in Indonesia as a role model of Indonesian Islam (Islam Nusantara). The underlying question is that what are the disticntions of Indonesian Islamic law which can be a role model for Indonesian Islam. The purpose of this paper is to identify the characteristics of Islamic law in Indonesia as well as to elaborate the distinctiveness of Indonesian Islam as a role model. It is showed that Islamic law in Indonesia has been well integrated into Indonesian culture and Indonesian legislations. Indonesian Islam (Islam Nusantara) initiated by Nahdatul Ulama shows its capacities to accommodate local wisdom (culture) and Islamic law, so that there is no conflict among them. It is peaceful, pluralistic and egalitarian approach, and there will be ‘role model’ for Islamic civilization.Artikel ini menjelaskan tentang hukum Islam di Indonesia sebagai role model Islam Indonesia (Islam Nusantara). Pertanyaan penting dalam tulisan ini adalah bagaimana distingsi hukum Islam di Indonesia yang bisa dijadikan role model pelaksanaan hukum Islam di Indonesia. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk megidentifikasi karakteristik hukum Islam di Indonesia dan mengelaborasi Islam Indonesia sebagai role model. Hasil penelitian menunjukkkan bahwa hukum Islam di Indonesia telah terintegrasi ke dalam budaya Indonesia  dan hukum nasional. Islam Indonesia (Islam Nusantara) yang diinisiasi oleh organisasi Nahdatul Ulama menunjukkan kapasitasnya dalam mengakomodir budaya lokal dan hukum Islam. Jadi, tidak ada konflik antara keduanya. Karena pendekatannya yang damai, plural, dan egaliter sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai role model peradaban Islam

THE RULING ON THE USE OF SALBUTAMOL INHALER FOR PEOPLE WHO FAST ACCORDING TO 'ABDUL 'AZĪZ IBN BĀZ AND WAHBAH AL-ZUḤAILĪ (A COMPARATIVE STUDY)

Performing fasting in the holy month of Ramadan is an obligation of every Muslim. Muslims who fast are given a great reward in the sight of Allah swt. To achieve this great reward, fasting by obeying the rules and regulations is a necessity. True fasting is fasting in accordance with the guidance of the Prophet saw. There are obligations that must be done, there are sunnahs that must be maintained, and there are also prohibitions that should be avoided. Allah swt. has prescribed fasting with restrictions that if violated can invalidate the fast. So it is obligatory for every Muslim to know all the things that can invalidate his fast so that he can carry out fasting properly according to sharia guidance. In this modern era, along with the development of the times, there are many things that are disputed by the scholars, whether they are included in breaking the fast or not, such as modern medical / health equipment, including "salbutamol inhaler" which is commonly used by people who are suffering from lung and respiratory diseases. The Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Abdul 'Azīz ibn Bāz, stated in his fatwa that it is permissible to use asthma inhalers while fasting.   The Syrian mufti Wahbah al-Zuḥailī, on the other hand, is of the opinion that asthma inhalers invalidate the fast.Performing fasting in the holy month of Ramadan is an obligation of every Muslim. Muslims who fast are given a great reward in the sight of Allah swt. To achieve this great reward, fasting by obeying the rules and regulations is a necessity. True fasting is fasting in accordance with the guidance of the Prophet saw. There are obligations that must be done, there are sunnahs that must be maintained, and there are also prohibitions that should be avoided. Allah swt. has prescribed fasting with restrictions that if violated can invalidate the fast. So it is obligatory for every Muslim to know all the things that can invalidate his fast so that he can carry out fasting properly according to sharia guidance. In this modern era, along with the development of the times, there are many things that are disputed by the scholars, whether they are included in breaking the fast or not, such as modern medical / health equipment, including "salbutamol inhaler" which is commonly used by people who are suffering from lung and respiratory diseases. The Mufti of Saudi Arabia, Abdul 'Azīz ibn Bāz, stated in his fatwa that it is permissible to use asthma inhalers while fasting.   The Syrian mufti Wahbah al-Zuḥailī, on the other hand, is of the opinion that asthma inhalers invalidate the fast

Tinjauan Yuridis Aplikasi Sistem Keuangan Desa di Kabupaten Gowa

The law provides a more certain guarantee that each village will receive funds from the government through the State and Regional Budgets, which are many times higher, far above the amount currently available in the village budget. The village budget distributed from the center has recently been misused because of the lack of understanding by village officials in managing the budget. So that the budget that had been expected to be used to advance the village was misused by certain elements. In order for the Village Fund Budget (ADD) to achieve the desired goals and be realized properly, in accordance with the mandate of the Law, of course, a planning mechanism, distribution, use, reporting and accountability and supervision of Village Fund Allocation is needed. This has prompted the government together with the Ministry of Home Affairs and BPKP to encourage accountability for village financial management by developing village financial management applications through the village financial system (Siskeudes). The Village Financial System (Siskeudes) application was developed jointly between the Financial and Development Supervisory Agency (BPKP) and the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri). How to Manage Finance Using the Siskeudes Application Based on Legislation and the Effectiveness of Village Financial Management Using the Application.Undang-undang memberi jaminan yang lebih pasti bahwa setiap desa akan menerima dana dari pemerintah melalui Anggaran Negara dan Daerah yang jumlahnya berlipat, jauh diatas jumlah yang selama ini tersedia dalam anggaran desa. Anggaran desa yang didistribusikan dari pusat akhir-akhir ini banyak diselewengkan karena kurangnya pemahaman aparat desa dalam mengelola anggaran. Sehingga anggaran yang selama ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk memajukan desa disalahgunakan oleh oknum-oknum tertentu. Supaya Anggaran Dana Desa (ADD) dapat mencapai sasaran yang telah diinginkan dan terealisasikan dengan baik, sesuai dengan amanat Undang-Undang tentu dibutuhkan mekanisme perencanaan, penyaluran, penggunaan, pelaporan dan pertanggungjawaban serta pengawasan Alokasi Dana Desa. Hal tersebutlah yang mendorong pemerintah bersama Kementerian Dalam Negeri dan BPKP telah mendorong akuntabilitas pengelolaan keuangan desa dengan mengembangkan aplikasi tata kelola keuangan desa melalui sistem keuangan desa (Siskeudes). Aplikasi Sistem Keuangan Desa (Siskeudes) ini dikembangkan bersama antara Badan Pengawasan Keuangan dan Pembangunan (BPKP) dengan Kementerian Dalam Negeri (Kemendagri). Bagaimana Pengelolaan Keuangan Dengan Menggunakan Aplikasi Siskeudes Berdasarkan Peraturan Perundang-Undangan dan Efektivitas Pengelolaan Keuangan Desa Menggunakan Aplikasi