Aportes de una visión compleja a un concepto de planeación no lineal de las organizaciones

En este trabajo se busca ver el mundo entero como complejo, dado que todo aquello que ocurre en él es complejo y que la vida misma es compleja. Aclarando principalmente que complejo no es complicado, aunque lo complejo tenga algo de complicado por la incapacidad humana de dimensionarlo. El mundo es complejo por varios factores, primero, porque es un sistema y todo dentro de él también lo es, esto hace que vivamos inmersos dentro de múltiples sistemas, que nosotros mismos seamos sistemas y que estemos constituidos de sistemas; esto nos conduce al segundo factor que se encontró, y es que el mundo está lleno de redes, las cuales, al ser demasiado grandes van a impedir la comunicación de un nodo con otro en cualquier momento. Y como tercer y principal aspecto el mundo es Complejo porque todo está interrelacionado y para el hombre se hace imposible conocer todos aquellos factores que pueden afectar una situación. En las organizaciones sociales se debe buscar siempre una integración en todos los aspectos: de personas, de información, de conocimientos, pero principalmente de esfuerzos encaminados hacia un bien común. Las organizaciones no se pueden seguir viendo como un conjunto de áreas que desarrollan muy bien sus funciones – de forma aislada- pero que no son capaces de trabajar en conjunto, ellas deben funcionar como un todo articulado. Las organizaciones pueden ser más o menos complejas de acuerdo a su tamaño y a su nivel de interrelaciones, sin embargo esto no puede ser un impedimento para que se articulen en todos los niveles / Abstract: In this job is sought to see the entire world as complex, given that all that occurs in it is complex and that the same life is complex. Clearing up mainly that complex is not complicated, although the complex thing have something of complicated by the human incapacity to dimension it. The world is complex by various factors, first, because is a system and all inside it is also it, this does that we live immersed inside multiple systems, that we same are systems and that we are constituted of systems; this conducts us to the second factor that was found, and is that the world is full of networks, which, upon being too much large they are going to impede the Communication of a node with another in any moment. And as third and main aspect the world is Complex because all is interrelated and for the man is done impossible to know all those factors that can affect a situation. In the social organizations an integration should be sought always in all the aspects: persons, information, knowledge, but mainly of efforts directed toward a well common. The organizations cannot be followed seeing like an assembly of areas that develop very well its functions -of form isolated- but that not they are capable of working as a group, they should function as an all articulated. The organizations can be more or less complex according to their size and to their level of interrelate, however this cannot be an impediment so that they be articulated in all the levels.Pregrad

Noción de trabajo en la comunidad intencional Red Kunagua

La presente investigación tuvo como fin identificar la forma cómo se comprende el trabajo al interior de la comunidad intencional de la “Red Kunagua”. Para lograr dicho objetivo se utilizó una metodología cualitativa, de orientación fenomenológica, donde la técnica principal de recolección de información fue la entrevista en profundidad. Esta entrevista fue realizada a cinco habitantes de la zona pertenecientes a la Red, quienes participaron de manera voluntaria en la realización de las mismas. El análisis, se hizo a la luz de cuatro categorías previamente definidas: noción de desarrollo, surgimiento de comunidades intencionales, prácticas comunitarias y noción de trabajo. A partir de esto, se logró comprender que el trabajo para las personas que viven en una comunidad intencional se encuentra cargado de múltiples y diferentes sentidos, entre los cuales podemos encontrar aspectos espirituales, colectivos, individuales y ecológicos que permiten dar cuenta que el trabajo no se limita a su valor instrumental y económico, sino que trasciende y permite dar sentido e identidad a las personas.The present research had as fundamental purpose identifying the way in which work is understood within the intentional community of the "Red Kunagua". For achieving this purpose, it was used a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological orientation, where the principal technique for recollecting information was the depth interview. This interview was realized to five inhabitants of the region who belong to the community and voluntarily accepted to participate in the realization of this study. The analysis was made by the light of four categories previously defined: notion of development, the arise of intentional communities, community practices, and notion of work. Starting from this, it was able to fulfil that the comprehension of work for the people who live in an intentional community is charged of multiple and different meanings, in which it is possible to find spiritual, collective, individual and ecologic aspects, that allow to realize that work is not only limited to its instrumental or economical value; it transcend and grants sense and identity to people.Psicólogo (a)Pregrad

El arte como configurador de sentido de vida

Maestría en Educación y Desarrollo Humano, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas.El presente artículo corresponde a la investigación que se plantea como propósito comprender “cómo el arte ha aportado en la configuración del sentido de vida del artista plástico Ricardo Ochoa”. Para esto se propone el método biográfico historia de vida, desde un enfoque hermenéutico, a partir de la vida de este artista. A través de su narración se comprende que la experiencia artística le permite descubrir un potencial creador que dota de sentido a la propia experiencia. Aunque existen diferentes formas de configurar el sentido de vida, fue el arte lo que le permitió al artista crearse, recrearse y transformarse a sí mismo y a su entorno. Esta investigación plantea la importancia de poner al ser humano en contacto con su capacidad de construir y crear metáforas que lo inviten a querer ser de otro modo, más aún ante situaciones límite que pongan en riesgo su capacidad de soñar, de transformar su realidad

Complex agricultural landscapes host more biodiversity than simple ones: A global meta-analysis

Managing agricultural landscapes to support biodiversity conservation requires profound structural changes worldwide. Often, discussions are centered on management at the field level. However, a wide and growing body of evidence calls for zooming out and targeting agricultural policies, research, and interventions at the landscape level to halt and reverse the decline in biodiversity, increase biodiversity-mediated ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes, and improve the resilience and adaptability of these ecosystems. We conducted the most comprehensive assessment to date on landscape complexity effects on nondomesticated terrestrial biodiversity through a meta-analysis of 1,134 effect sizes from 157 peer-reviewed articles. Increasing landscape complexity through changes in composition, configuration, or heterogeneity significatively and positively affects biodiversity. More complex landscapes host more biodiversity (richness, abundance, and evenness) with potential benefits to sustainable agricultural production and conservation, and effects are likely underestimated. The few articles that assessed the combined contribution of linear (e.g., hedgerows) and areal (e.g., woodlots) elements resulted in a near-doubling of the effect sizes (i.e., biodiversity level) compared to the dominant number of studies measuring these elements separately. Similarly, positive effects on biodiversity are stronger in articles monitoring biodiversity for at least 2 y compared to the dominant 1-y monitoring efforts. Besides, positive and stronger effects exist when monitoring occurs in nonoverlapping landscapes, highlighting the need for long-term and robustly designed monitoring efforts. Living in harmony with nature will require shifting paradigms toward valuing and promoting multifunctional agriculture at the farm and landscape levels with a research agenda that untangles complex agricultural landscapes’ contributions to people and nature under current and future conditions

A global database of diversified farming effects on biodiversity and yield

With the Convention on Biological Diversity conference (COP15), United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26), and United Nations Food Systems Summit, 2021 is a pivotal year for transitioning towards sustainable food systems. Diversified farming systems are key to more sustainable food production. Here we present a global dataset documenting outcomes of diversified farming practices for biodiversity and yields compiled following best standards for systematic review of primary studies and specifically designed for use in meta-analysis. The dataset includes 4076 comparisons of biodiversity outcomes and 1214 of yield in diversified farming systems compared to one of two reference systems. It contains evidence from 48 countries of effects on species from 33 taxonomic orders (spanning insects, plants, birds, mammals, eukaryotes, annelids, fungi, and bacteria) of diversified farming systems producing annual or perennial crops across 12 commodity groups. The dataset presented provides a resource for researchers and practitioners to easily access information on where diversified farming systems effectively contribute to biodiversity and food production outcomes

Acciones docentes prácticas en Derecho penal, Derecho penitenciario y Criminología: experiencias didácticas fuera del aula

Con la implantación del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior se han venido operando cambios importantes en los métodos y técnicas aplicados en la docencia del Derecho y, más concretamente, en las disciplinas jurídicas que conforman las Ciencias penales. Así, se ha ido avanzando en la dirección de promover una participación más activa del estudiante, mediante el empleo de herramientas y métodos innovadores que han contribuido a proporcionar una formación más integral, comprensiva de competencias genéricas, transversales y específicas. En esta línea de cambio del modelo educativo, la Red de Investigación sobre acciones docentes prácticas en Derecho penal, Derecho penitenciario y Criminología ha desarrollado nuevos recursos que giran en torno a la realización de salidas didácticas de los alumnos a instituciones y organizaciones directamente relacionadas con el sistema penal, fundamentalmente las que componen la judicatura, el aparato policial y el sistema penitenciario

Red de seguimiento del Grado en Criminología on line

La red tenía por objeto llevar a cabo un especial seguimiento del grupo on line del Grado en Criminología que se imparte en la titulación y para el que son necesarios esfuerzos de coordinación adicionales y métodos docentes específicos a la docencia no presencial. Así, la red ha constituido un espacio de reflexión sobre docencia no presencial, que ha dado como resultado la adopción e implementación de acciones de mejora

SELNET clinical practice guidelines for bone sarcoma

Bone sarcoma are infrequent diseases, representing < 0.2% of all adult neoplasms. A multidisciplinary management within reference centers for sarcoma, with discussion of the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies within an expert multidisciplinary tumour board, is essential for these patients, given its heterogeneity and low frequency. This approach leads to an improvement in patient's outcome, as demonstrated in several studies. The Sarcoma European Latin-American Network (SELNET), aims to improve clinical outcome in sarcoma care, with a special focus in Latin-American countries. These Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG) have been developed and agreed by a multidisciplinary expert group (including medical and radiation oncologist, surgical oncologist, orthopaedic surgeons, radiologist, pathologist, molecular biologist and representatives of patients advocacy groups) of the SELNET consortium, and are conceived to provide the standard approach to diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of bone sarcoma patients in the Latin-American context

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis