Experimental alveolitis in rats: microbiological, acute phase response and histometric characterization of delayed alveolar healing

The pathogenesis of alveolitis is not well known and therefore experimental situations that mimic some features of this disease should be developed. OBJECTIVE: In this study, the evolution of the experimentally induced infection in rat sockets is characterized, which leads to clinical signs of suppurative alveolitis with remarkable wound healing disturbs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Non-infected (Group I) and experimentally infected sockets in Rattus novergicus (Group II) were histometrically evaluated regarding the kinetics of alveolar healing. In addition, the characterization of the present bacteria in inoculation material and the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) were performed. The detected species were Capnocytophaga ochracea, Fusobacterium nucleatum ss nucleatum, Prevotella melaninogenica, Streptococcus anginosus, Treponema socranskii and Streptococcus sanguis. RESULTS: All experimentally infected rats developed suppurative alveolitis, showing higher levels of CRP in comparison to those non-infected ones. Furthermore, infected rats presented a significant delayed wound healing as measured by the histometric analysis (higher persistent polymorphonuclear infiltrate and lower density of newly formed bone). CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that rat sockets with experimentally induced infection produced higher levels of serum CRP, showing the potential of disseminated infection and a disturb in the alveolar repair process in an interesting experimental model for alveolitis studies

Characterization and plasticity of wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells of goat

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), obtained from several anatomical sites, have already been described, characterized and used in therapeutic models for tissue repair. The umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, represented by cells from arteries and veins walls, as well as Wharton's jelly are easy to be obtained, highly available, require no invasive procedure, do not present risk to donors and do not present ethical limitation. The aim of this research was to analyze the plasticity of Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) of goat, evaluating their behavior in vitro and characterizing them immunophenotypically. Thus, tests were performed on colony forming units, viability and cell growth curve, flow cytometry analysis and plasticity potential. Goat umbilical cord matrix cells exhibited fibroblastoid morphology with colony formation and self-renewal ability, always maintaining their undifferentiated state up to the eighth passage (P8). The growth curve kinetics exhibited the LAG, LOG, and DECAY phases, without displaying a PLATEAU phase. The plasticity assay demonstrated positive differentiation for osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic lines, characterized by the synthesis of intracytoplasmic granules or extracellular matrix with the presence of calcium, lipids and proteoglycans. Flow cytometry demonstrated the expression of CD90 and CD105; absence of CD14 expression.  It is concluded that the cell population isolated from the Wharton's  jelly of goat constitutes a representative sample of mesenchymal stem cells, with great possibilities in the field of regenerative and reproductive medicine

Semen quality, testicular B-mode and Doppler ultrasound, and serum testosterone concentrations in dogs with established infertility

Retrospective examination of breeding records enabled the identification of 10 dogs of normal fertility and 10 dogs with established infertility of at least 12 months of duration. Comparisons of testicular palpation, semen evaluation, testicular ultrasound examination, Doppler ultrasound measurement of testicular artery blood flow, and measurement of serum testosterone concentration were made between the two groups over weekly examinations performed on three occasions. There were no differences in testicular volume (cm3) between the two groups (fertile right testis = 10.77 ± 1.66; fertile left testis = 12.17 ± 2.22); (infertile right testis = 10.25 ± 3.33; infertile left testis = 11.37 ± 3.30), although the infertile dogs all had subjectively softer testes compared with the fertile dogs. Infertile dogs were either azoospermic or when they ejaculated, they had lower sperm concentration, sperm motility, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa than fertile dogs. Furthermore, infertile dogs had reduced sperm membrane integrity measured via the hypoosmotic swelling test. Infertile dogs had significantly lower basal serum testosterone concentrations (1.40 ± 0.62 ng/mL) than fertile dogs (1.81 ± 0.87 ng/mL; P < 0.05). There were subjective differences in testicular echogenicity in some of the infertile dogs, and important differences in testicular artery blood flow with lower peak systolic and end-diastolic velocities measured in the distal supratesticular artery, marginal testicular artery, and intratesticular artery of infertile dogs (P < 0.05). Notably, resistance index and pulsatility index did not differ between infertile and fertile dogs. These findings report important differences between infertile and fertile dogs which may be detected within an expanded breeding soundness examination

Implicações cardiovasculares da infecção por COVID-19: uma revisão sistemática

COVID-19 infection is known for its respiratory implications, however multisystem complications, such as cardiovascular problems, must be considered. So far, there is a lack of understanding of the implications of COVID-19 infection on the cardiovascular system, and the objective of the present study is to carry out a systematic literature review to analyze this topic. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines, being searched in the Cochrane Library and PubMed databases for articles published up to 2022 and using descriptors such as “COVID”, “Coronavirus”, “Cardiovascular disease”, “long COVID”. Of the total of 4,538 articles initially found, after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 9 studies were included in the review. Evidence indicates cardiovascular implications in patients post-COVID-19 infection, requiring adequate and effective strategies to recognize the acute and chronic nature of these implications and to deal with chronicity and morbidity.A infecção por COVID-19 é conhecida pelas implicações respiratórias, contudo as complicações multissistêmicas, como problemas cardiovasculares, devem ser consideradas. Até o momento, há uma escassez na compreensão das implicações da infecção por COVID-19 no sistema cardiovascular, sendo, o objetivo do presente estudo realizar uma revisão sistemática de literatura para analisar esta temática. O estudo seguiu as diretrizes PRISMA, sendo pesquisado nos bancos de dados Cochrane Library e PubMed artigos publicados até 2022 e utilizando descritores como “COVID”, “Coronavírus”, “Doença cardiovascular”, “COVID longo”. &nbsp;Do total de 4.538 artigos encontrados inicialmente, após aplicação dos critérios de inclusão e exclusão, 9 estudos foram incluídos na revisão. As evidências indicam implicações cardiovasculares em pacientes pós-infecção por COVID-19, sendo necessárias estratégias adequadas e eficazes para reconhecer a natureza aguda e crônica dessas implicações e para lidar com a cronicidade e a morbidade

Hemangioblastoma - cordão cervical: Hemangioblastoma - cervical cord

Introdução: Os Hemangioblastomas são tumores de origem vascular que podem prejudicar o sistema nervoso central, com&nbsp; um pico de incidência na quarta década de vida. Apresentação do caso: Paciente de 24 anos, feminino,&nbsp; procedente do centro-oeste do Brasil, apresenta há 2 anos, pequena massa na região cervical com crescimento lento. Há 1 ano, associa-se forte dor nos ombros e cefaleia, além de redução gradual da sensibilidade em mãos e pés. Ao exame, redução da sensibilidade tátil, térmica e dolorosa em membros. Realizada Ressonância magnética com evidência de lesões&nbsp; nodulares de realce homogêneo, associando-se a cisto. Discussão: A clínica dos hemangiomas varia de acordo com a localização do tumor e do efeito de massa, sendo a cefaléia o sintoma mais comum, seguido por náuseas, vertigem, e diplopia. O diagnóstico é realizado através de angiografia, tomografia computadorizada e ressonância magnética. A terapia empregada é a remoção cirúrgica por excisão tumoral. Conclusão: Por meio de uma identificação imediata de infiltração tumoral ou a presença de células tumorais residuais, em que se observa a frequência de uma pequena quantidade de células tumorais pode levar à recorrência tumoral sendo por isso importante remover completamente os hemangioblastomas

PERFIL EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DAS VÍTIMAS DE VIOLÊNCIA INTERPESSOAL/AUTOPROVOCADA NO ESTADO DO PIAUÍ ENTRE 2012 E 2022

Introduction: Interpersonal Violence is all violence committed against intimate partners or family members, at home or in another environment and Self-Inflicted Violence comprises actions carried out by an individual against themselves such as suicidal ideation, self-harm and suicide. The most recurrent type of violence in a society reflects the behavioral patterns and customs experienced by individuals. Therefore, knowing the origin of problems helps to minimize their impacts. Objective: To determine the epidemiological profile of victims of interpersonal/self-inflicted violence in the state of Piauí, in the period between 2012 and 2022, registered in DATASUS. Methodology: This is a quantitative-qualitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study, which aimed to analyze the epidemiological data on notification of victims of interpersonal/self-inflicted violence in the state of Piauí from 2012 to 2022. Data collection was carried out using DATASUS and the results were subsequently statistically analyzed and interpreted. Results and Discussion: In the period from 2012 to 2022 in the state of Piauí, 36,645 victims of interpersonal/self-inflicted violence were registered, with a higher rate in female patients, with 26,234 cases. The most prevalent age group was 20 to 29 years old with 7,345 cases (20.04%), followed by the 15 to 19-year-old age group with 5,641 cases (15.39%). Children under 1 year of age had a lower prevalence with 1,089 cases (2.97%). The year 2022 recorded 4,836 (13.19%). Conclusion: Thus, the epidemiological profile of victims of interpersonal/self-limited violence in the state of Piauí in the period between 2012 and 2022 has a predominance of female victims in patients of all age groups, a higher prevalence between the ages of 20 and 29, followed by the range of 15 to 19 years and lower prevalence among children under 1 year old and higher in the year 2022. Therefore, measures are necessary to contain this problem that involves victims of violence.Introducción: La Violencia Interpersonal es toda violencia cometida contra la pareja íntima o miembros de la familia, en el hogar o en otro ambiente y la Violencia Autoinfligida comprende acciones llevadas a cabo por un individuo contra sí mismo como la ideación suicida, la autolesión y el suicidio. El tipo de violencia más recurrente en una sociedad refleja los patrones de comportamiento y costumbres que experimentan los individuos. Por tanto, conocer el origen de los problemas ayuda a minimizar sus impactos. Objetivo: Determinar el perfil epidemiológico de las víctimas de violencia interpersonal/autoinfligida en el estado de Piauí, en el período comprendido entre 2012 y 2022, registradas en DATASUS. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio cuantitativo-cualitativo, transversal y descriptivo, que tuvo como objetivo analizar los datos epidemiológicos sobre notificación de víctimas de violencia interpersonal/autoinfligida en el estado de Piauí en el período de 2012 a 2022. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante DATASUS y los resultados fueron posteriormente analizados e interpretados estadísticamente. Resultados y Discusión: En el período de 2012 a 2022 en el estado de Piauí se registraron 36.645 víctimas de violencia interpersonal/autoinfligida, con mayor tasa en pacientes del sexo femenino, con 26.234 casos. El grupo etario de mayor prevalencia fue el de 20 a 29 años con 7.345 casos (20,04%), seguido del de 15 a 19 años con 5.641 casos (15,39%). Los menores de 1 año tuvieron una menor prevalencia con 1.089 casos (2,97%). El año 2022 registró 4.836 (13,19%). Conclusión: Así, el perfil epidemiológico de las víctimas de violencia interpersonal/autolimitada en el estado de Piauí en el período comprendido entre 2012 y 2022 tiene predominio de víctimas femeninas en pacientes de todos los grupos etarios. , una mayor prevalencia entre los 20 y 29 años, seguido del rango de 15 a 19 años y menor prevalencia entre los menores de 1 año y mayor en el año 2022. Por lo tanto, son necesarias medidas para contener este problema que involucra a las víctimas de violencia.Introdução: Violência Interpessoal é toda violência cometida contra os parceiros íntimos ou membros da família, em casa ou outro ambiente e a Autoprovocada compreende as ações praticadas por um indivíduo contra si mesmo como ideação suicida, autoagressões e suicídios. O tipo de violência mais recorrente em uma sociedade reflete os padrões de comportamento e os costumes vivenciados pelos indivíduos. Assim, conhecer a origem dos problemas contribui para minimizar os seus impactos. Objetivo: Determinar o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de violência interpessoal/autoprovocada no estado do Piauí, no período entre 2012 a 2022, registrados no DATASUS. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo quanti-qualitativo, de caráter transversal e descritivo, que teve como objetivo analisar os dados epidemiológicos de notificação de vítimas de violência interpessoal/autoprovocada no estado do Piauí no período de 2012 a 2022. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio do DATASUS e os resultados foram, posteriormente, analisados estatisticamente e interpretados. Resultados e Discussão: No período de 2012 a 2022 no estado do Piauí, foram registradas 36.645 vítimas de violência interpessoal/autoprovocada, com maior índice em pacientes do sexo feminino, com 26.234 casos. A faixa etária de maior prevalência foi a de 20 a 29 anos com 7.345 casos (20.04%), seguida pela faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos com 5.641 casos (15.39%). Menores de 1 ano tiveram menor prevalência com 1.089 casos (2,97%). O ano de 2022 registrou 4.836 (13,19%.) Conclusão: Dessa forma, o perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de violência interpessoal/autolimitada no estado do Piauí no período entre 2012 e 2022 tem predomínio de vítimas do sexo feminino em pacientes de todas as faixas etárias, uma maior prevalência entre as idades de 20 a 29, seguido pelo intervalo de 15 a 19 anos e menor prevalência entre menores de 1 ano e maior no ano de 2022. Assim, medidas são necessárias para conter essa problemática que envolve as vítimas de violência