Post-translational regulation of lipophorin receptors

Resumen del póster presentado al IX Meeting of the Spanish Society for Developmental Biology celebrado en Granada del 12 al 14 de noviembre de 2012.Peer Reviewe

Modelos de crecimiento y producción en España: historia, ejemplos contemporáneos y perspectivas

En el presente trabajo se presenta una revisión sobre los modelos forestales desarrollados en España durante los últimos años, tanto para la producción maderable como no maderable y, para la dinámica de los bosques (regeneración, mortalidad). Se presentan modelos tanto de rodal completo como de clases diamétricas y de árbol individual. Los modelos desarrollados hasta la fecha se han desarrollado a partir de datos procedentes de parcelas permanentes, ensayos y el Inventario Forestal Nacional. En el trabajo se muestran los diferentes submodelos desarrollados hasta la fecha, así como las plataformas informáticas que permiten utilizar dichos modelos. Se incluyen las principales perspectivas de desarrollo de la modelización forestal en España.In this paper we present a review of forest models developed in Spain in recent years for both timber and non timber production and forest dynamics (regeneration, mortality). Models developed are whole stand, size (diameter) class and individual-tree. The models developed to date have been developed using data from permanent plots, experimental sites and the National Forest Inventory. In this paper we show the different sub-models developed so far and the friendly use software. Main perspectives of forest modeling in Spain are presented.The models described in this paper were funded by different regional, national and European projects, and some of them were elaborated by the authors. This work was funded by the Spanish Government by the SELVIRED network (code AGL2008-03740) and the strategic project «Restauración y Gestión Forestal» (code PSE-310000-2009-4)

Usefulness of bone turnover markers as predictors of mortality risk, disease progression and skeletal-related events appearance in patients with prostate cancer with bone metastases following treatment with zoledronic acid: TUGAMO study

Owing to the limited validity of clinical data on the treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) and bone metastases, biochemical markers are a promising tool for predicting survival, disease progression and skeletal-related events (SREs) in these patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive capacity of biochemical markers of bone turnover for mortality risk, disease progression and SREs in patients with PCa and bone metastases undergoing treatment with zoledronic acid (ZA). Methods: This was an observational, prospective and multicenter study in which ninety-eight patients were included. Patients were treated with ZA (4mg every 4 weeks for 18 months). Data were collected at baseline and 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 months after the beginning of treatment. Serum levels of bone alkaline phosphtase (BALP), aminoterminal propeptide of procollagen type I (P1NP) and beta-isomer of carboxiterminal telopeptide of collagen I (b-CTX) were analysed at all points in the study. Data on disease progression, SREs development and survival were recorded. Results: Cox regression models with clinical data and bone markers showed that the levels of the three markers studied were predictive of survival time, with b-CTX being especially powerful, in which a lack of normalisation in visit 1 (3 months after the beginning of treatment) showed a 6.3-times more risk for death than in normalised patients. Levels of these markers were also predictive for SREs, although in this case BALP and P1NP proved to be better predictors. We did not find any relationship between bone markers and disease progression. Conclusion: In patients with PCa and bone metastases treated with ZA, b-CTX and P1NP can be considered suitable predictors for mortality risk, while BALP and P1NP are appropriate for SREs. The levels of these biomarkers 3 months after the beginning of treatment are especially importantThis study was supported by Novartis Oncology Spai

An atypical long signal peptide controls the translation efficiency and distribution of lipophorin receptors isoforms

Resumen del póster presentado al 23rd European Drosophila Research Congress, celebrado en Barcelona (España) del 16 al 19 de octubre de 2013.Drosophila Lipophorin receptor 1 and 2 (Lpr1, Lpr2) are homologous to the human LDLR and they are involved in multiple processes, most notably lipid metabolism. Each receptor has two alternative promoters (P and D) that give rise to multiple isoforms (P- and D-isoforms) having strikingly different functions and tissue distributions. We found that these isoforms are subjected to differential post-transcriptional regulation when expressed in imaginal discs resulting in different translational efficiency, subcellular distribution and activity. We have mapped the protein domains required for this translational regulation to the signal peptide characteristic of D-isoforms. This signal peptide is predicted to be atypically long and thus, it may have additional functions besides targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum. We are currently studying how the signal peptide affects protein translation efficiency and function in multiple tissues where the lipophorin receptors have a critical role during lipid uptake.Peer Reviewe

Drosophila lipophorin receptors recruit the lipoprotein LTP to the plasma membrane to mediate lipid uptake

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License.Lipophorin, the main Drosophila lipoprotein, circulates in the hemolymph transporting lipids between organs following routes that must adapt to changing physiological requirements. Lipophorin receptors expressed in developmentally dynamic patterns in tissues such as imaginal discs, oenocytes and ovaries control the timing and tissular distribution of lipid uptake. Using an affinity purification strategy, we identified a novel ligand for the lipophorin receptors, the circulating lipoprotein Lipid Transfer Particle (LTP). We show that specific isoforms of the lipophorin receptors mediate the extracellular accumulation of LTP in imaginal discs and ovaries. The interaction requires the LA-1 module in the lipophorin receptors and is strengthened by a contiguous region of 16 conserved amino acids. Lipophorin receptor variants that do not interact with LTP cannot mediate lipid uptake, revealing an essential role of LTP in the process. In addition, we show that lipophorin associates with the lipophorin receptors and with the extracellular matrix through weak interactions. However, during lipophorin receptor-mediated lipid uptake, LTP is required for a transient stabilization of lipophorin in the basolateral plasma membrane of imaginal disc cells. Together, our data suggests a molecular mechanism by which the lipophorin receptors tether LTP to the plasma membrane in lipid acceptor tissues. LTP would interact with lipophorin particles adsorbed to the extracellular matrix and with the plasma membrane, catalyzing the exchange of lipids between them.This work was funded by a grant (BFU2011-29296) from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (www.idi.mineco.gob.es/) to JC. Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo is institutionally supported by CSIC, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, and Junta de Andalucía.Peer Reviewe

Diseño e implementación de tutoriales virtuales para el uso de fuentes de información on-line y herramientas informáticas de Química

SIN FINANCIACIÓNNo data 200

La evaluación en la educación a distancia en la búsqueda de un aprendizaje desarrollador

La Educación a Distancia es una modalidad que toma auge, debido a las ventajas que ella ofrece en el contexto educativo y porque permite garantizar un aprendizaje desarrollador en los alumnos. Se han evidenciado carencias en sus sustentos teóricos y prácticos que influyen en la práctica educativa, es por ello que esta investigación se proponer: caracterizar el componente evaluación y sus distintas formas de manifestarse en la estructura didáctica de los cursos a distancia sobre plataformas gestoras. El resultado fundamental está dado en propiciar las características fundamentales como: definición, utilidad, importancia y puntaje, así como los resultados del análisis estructural para los componentes evaluación y otros asociados como: autoevaluación, coevaluación y heteroevaluación. Las contribuciones de mayor importancia fueron: la identificación y caracterización pedagógica de los componentes asociados a la evaluación, la concepción sobre la estructura didáctica de los cursos a distancia y el rol que ella juegan dentro de la estructura didáctica del curso de la asignatura de Estadística Médica II para los estudiantes de la carrera de Estomatología

Brief history of distance education in Cuba and the world

Distance education has recently become a very useful educational practice due to the dynamics of today's world, the advances in the Information and Communication Technologies, as well as the need to achieve quality education overcoming distances and promoting personal growth and intellectual maturity of a growing number of people of all genres and latitudes. This paper aims to conduct a historical review of this type of education in Cuba and the world, from its origins to present times, for which a literature review was conducted covering different countries in Europe, Asia, Africa, America and Cuba, so that it can help all those who study this subject

LTP is a ligand for a subset of lipophorin receptor isoforms.

<p>(A) Co-IP of LTP (top) and lipophorin (middle) with Lpr2F, Lpr2E or empty beads (control), analyzed by western blot. Lpr2E and Lpr2F, both containing an HA tag, were purified from transfected <i>Drosophila</i> S2 cells, incubated with diluted hemolymph and immunoprecipitated with anti-HA. Eluates were analyzed for the presence of lipophorin receptors, shown in the lower panel, of LTP, in the upper panel and of lipophorin, in the middle panel. Last lane contains 0.13 μl of diluted hemolymph. (B-E) Wing imaginal discs expressing <i>UAS-lpr2E</i> (red, detected with α-HA) in the posterior compartment driven by <i>hh-gal4</i>. Optical sections through the basal domain of imaginal discs (B and D) and cross-sections (C and E, apical domain at the top) are shown. LTP (green, also shown in a separate channel) accumulates at higher levels in the posterior compartment where Lpr2E is overexpressed (B and B'). In this region, LTP is detected at higher levels in basolateral membranes (bracket) as well as in vesicles (arrows), colocalizing with Lpr2E (C and C'). An immunostaining technique that solely detects extracellular proteins showed LTP (green, also in a separate channel) in basolateral membranes through the wing pouch area and at higher levels in the posterior compartment, where Lpr2E was overexpressed (D, D', E and E'). (F and G) Wing imaginal discs expressing <i>UAS-lpr2E</i> and <i>UAS-rab5-GFP</i> (F) or <i>UAS-lamp1-GFP</i> (G), shown in cross-section through the wing pouch area. LTP (green) is found in endocytic vesicles (arrows) partially colocalizing with Rab5 (red, F) and Lamp1 (red, G). (H) Wing imaginal disc expressing <i>UAS-lpr2F</i> (red) in the posterior compartment driven by <i>hh-gal4</i>. LTP distribution (green, also in a separate channel) imaged at a basal plane, is not modified by Lpr2F overexpression. B, D and H shown at the same magnification. Scale bar: 200 μm. C, E, F and G at the same magnification. Scale bar: 10 μm.</p

The LA-1 and ED domains of the lipophorin receptors are required for robust lipophorin stabilization in imaginal discs.

<p>(A) Optical cross-sections of wing imaginal discs expressing <i>UAS-lpr2E-myc</i> and <i>UAS-lpr2F-myc</i> in the posterior compartment, as indicated. Extracellular proteins were detected by an immunohistochemical protocol performed without cell permeabilization. Lpr2E and Lpr2F accumulate at similar levels in two domains, apical cell membranes and a basal region. (B-G) Wing imaginal discs expressing different lipophorin receptor isoforms and chimeras in the posterior compartment, as indicated. All images were taken at a basal plane of the imaginal discs. Its approximate location is indicated by arrows in A. Lipophorin (green and also in a separate channel) and the overexpressed lipophorin receptors and chimeras (red, detected with α-HA) are shown. All immunostainings were performed after blocking endocytosis for 2.5 hours. (A-G) Shown at the same magnification. Scale bar: 10μm.</p