Collaborative learning as didactic strategies for the improvement of reading comprehension

El aprendizaje colaborativo se convierte en un instrumento de saber práctico que favorece los espacios de apropiación de conocimiento no solo para los estudiantes sino también para la comunidad educativa en general. La presente investigación busca mostrar los procesos de comprensión lectora, en los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Nuestra Señora del Carmen, fomentando herramientas didácticas como el aprendizaje colaborativo que potencie la motivación por la lectura. El presente estudio se realiza desde una mirada cuantitativa, desde un alcance descriptivo. La población intervenida fueron estudiantes de básica primaria. Como resultados se permitió observar que el trabajo en grupo u colaborativo no solo se puede incrementar el rendimiento académico, sino que además presenta otras virtudes como que el estudiante aprende a trabajar en equipo y el modelo de aprendizaje interactivo supone que las experiencias de aula deben superar el aprendizaje memorístico y mecanicistaCollaborative learning becomes an instrument of practical knowledge that favors knowledge appropriation spaces not only for students but also for the educational community in general. This research seeks to show the processes of reading comprehension, in the students of the Educational Institution of Our Lady of Carmen, fostering teaching tools such as collaborative learning that enhances the motivation for reading. The present study is carried out from a quantitative perspective, from a descriptive scope. The population intervened were elementary school students. As results, it was possible to observe that group or collaborative work can not only increase academic performance, but also presents other virtues such as that the student learns to work in a team and the interactive learning model assumes that classroom experiences must overcome the memoristic and mechanistic learning

Novel Porous Materials Solution for Instability Decrease of Problem Soils under Buildings

Problem clay soils represent a great cracking problem for all light buildings over them because of volumetric instability caused by variations in moisture. A generalized solution has been to extract them and substituted by inert soil, thus they become construction trash. A foundation solution to solve the problem of soil is inverted ribbed slab which generates hollow spaces between the soil and the slab for the soil movement. Therefore this work presents a novel solution for reducing instability of soils based on the inclusion of natural porous material within its structure. After results, we conclude that porous material placed within the soil decreased their growth favorably and it depended on its natural void volume. In fact total vertical deformation of the soil (by volume) was decreased with only 65% of its value within the voids when it theoretically should be equal to the vertical volume deformed. This is probably due growth pressure soil was redirected into the porous which generates greater density in the soil introduced requiring less void volume of the total volume deformed. So, according to the natural growth of the clay soil we may include porous materials with the amount of void volume required for such growth

Amaranth protein improves lipid profile and insulin resistance in a diet-induced obese mice model

"Amaranth has been claimed as functional food, but its function on obesity-related disorder is not fully known. The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of amaranth protein intake on blood lipids profile and insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. The effect of soybean protein was also analysed for comparative purposes. C57BL-6 mice were fed for eight weeks with regular or high fat diet. Amaranth or soybean protein isolates (10 mg/kg) were supplied via oral administration. Changes in body weight, adipose tissue, total cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, a glucose tolerance test, as well as the expression of lipid metabolism-related genes were measured. Our results have shown that amaranth protein induces a decrease in plasma insulin in mice fed with a regular diet, whereas a decrease in triglycerides was observed in mice fed with high fat diet. Furthermore, down-regulation of Tnf-? and Res, suggested the inhibition of inflammation state. The present study demonstrates that amaranth protein, but not soybean protein, improves the obese mice health, and the hormonal modulation (Lep, Fasn, Lpl) could lead to new mechanism of action by which amaranth consumption exerts its beneficial health effect.

HDSTART

Máster en Dirección de la Empresa Audiovisual. Curso 2009/201

Revista Red GRID edición 1

En Red Grid hablamos sobre lo que sucede en el Departamento de Diseño, por ejemplo: la celebración de los 15 años del programa de Diseño Gráfico; el lanzamiento de la nueva Maestría en Diseño e Innovación MD+i; la puesta en marcha de los nuevos planes de estudios de los programas de Diseño; la presentación del grupo estudiantil Color House y la vitrina de stickers donde se visibiliza el trabajo de nuestros estudiantes. En la sección ¿Qué hay de diseño?, los lectores podrán acercarse a temas relacionados con la ilustración y la animación, la tipografía, el diseño editorial, la experiencia de usuario, la fotografía y el packaging, entre otros. Asimismo, la revista presenta historias, experiencias y trayectorias profesionales de algunos colegas diseñadores que son fuente de inspiración para todos. Finalmente, la revista concluye con Tip Jar, una divertida sección donde profesores, estudiantes y egresados nos cuentan, a través de pequeñas frases, cómo afrontan sus bloqueos creativos.Red Grid es un medio de difusión dedicado exclusivamente al mundo del diseño y particularmente al ámbito del diseño gráfico y la cultura visual. Es una publicación creada por los estudiantes de la asignatura de Taller de Diseño Editorial junto con los estudiantes del Club de Diseño Editorial. Este club es una iniciativa de formación complementaria, de carácter colaborativo, donde los estudiantes con intereses en temas relacionados con diseño y producción editorial pueden participar voluntariamente y desarrollar proyectos como este con la guía y acompañamiento de los profesores

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Nanoparticules de polymère à empreinte moléculaire en tant qu’anticorps synthétiques pour la reconnaissance et l’imagerie cellulaire

La détection précoce des maladies par imagerie médicale aide à la réduction de la mortalité. Il est donc important d’avoir des ligands qui localisent de manière sélective les récepteurs surexprimés dans des pathologies. L'expression dérégulée des glycanes et des récepteurs de surface cellulaire sont des biomarqueurs du cancer. Cependant, cibler ces biomarqueurs est un défi en raison du manque de ligands. Les polymères à empreintes moléculaires (MIP de l’anglais Molecularly Imprinted Polymers) sont des récepteurs synthétiques capables de reconnaître des molécules cibles avec une haute affinité et sélectivité. Dans ce travail, nous avons démontré que les MIPs peuvent être des agents d'imagerie et thérapeutiques sur deux biomarqueurs du cancer : l'acide hyaluronique (HA) et les cadhérines. HA est un glycosaminoglycane trouvé dans la peau et d'autres tissus. Il joue également un rôle au cours de la cancérogenèse et est étroitement lié à la prolifération des cellules tumorales. Sa détection dans les cellules est donc importante. Les MIPs synthétisés ont pu localiser de manière sélective l’HA extracellulaire, intracellulaire et nucléaire. Les cadhérines sont une famille de récepteurs à la surface des cellules qui assurent l'adhésion des cellules. Ils jouent un rôle clé dans l'architecture tissulaire. Le dysfonctionnent des cadhérines est associé à une prolifération cellulaire incontrôlée et à des métastases. Les MIPs sont prometteurs dans le traitement du cancer en raison de leur capacité à perturber l'adhésion des cellules, à prévenir la formation de tumeurs (mieux que les anticorps), à détruire les modèles tumoraux in vitro et à supprimer le caractère invasif du cancer.Early detection of disease through medical imaging is a major contributor to reduction of mortality. Hence, targeting ligands that selectively bind, localize and quantify receptors that are overexpressed in pathologies is of importance. Dysregulated expressions of glycosylation and surface receptors are potential cancer biomarkers. However, targeting these biomarkers is a challenge due to a lack of receptor molecules. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are tailor-made synthetic receptors, able to recognize target molecules With high affinity and selectivity. Herein, we demonstrate that MIP nanoparticles (MIP-NPs) represent promising imaging and therapeutic agents, on the example of two cancer biomarkers: hyaluronic acid (HA) and cadherins. HA, the simplest glycosaminoglycan in vertebrates, is an important component of skin, cartilage and Other tissues. It plays a bioactive role during carcinogenesis and is closely correlated With tumor proliferation and metastasis. The resulting MIPs could bind and locate extracellular, intracellular and nuclear HA selectively, as analyzed by confocal microscopy. Cadherins are a large family of cell-surface receptors that mediate cell-cell adhesion. They play a key role in the maintenance of tissue architecture and cell differentiation. Dysfunction of cadherins is associated With uncontrolled cell proliferation, tumor progression and metastasis. MIPs represent promising tools in cancer therapy due their ability to disrupt cell adhesion, prevent tumor formation (better than commercially available antibodies), disrupt in vitro tumor models and suppress invasiveness in cancer