30 research outputs found
Do You See What Eyes See? Implementing Inattentional Blindness
This paper presents a computational model of visual attention incorporating a cognitive imperfection known as inattentional blindness. We begin by presenting four factors that determine successful attention allocation: conspicuity, mental workload, expectation and capacity. We then propose a framework to study the effects of those factors on an unexpected object and conduct an experiment to measure the corresponding subjective awareness level. Finally, we discuss the application of a visual attention model for conversational agents
The reference frame for encoding and retention of motion depends on stimulus set size
YesThe goal of this study was to investigate the reference
frames used in perceptual encoding and storage of visual
motion information. In our experiments, observers viewed
multiple moving objects and reported the direction of motion
of a randomly selected item. Using a vector-decomposition
technique, we computed performance during smooth pursuit
with respect to a spatiotopic (nonretinotopic) and to a
retinotopic component and compared them with performance
during fixation, which served as the baseline. For the stimulus
encoding stage, which precedes memory, we found that the
reference frame depends on the stimulus set size. For a single
moving target, the spatiotopic reference frame had the most
significant contribution with some additional contribution
from the retinotopic reference frame. When the number of
items increased (Set Sizes 3 to 7), the spatiotopic reference
frame was able to account for the performance. Finally, when
the number of items became larger than 7, the distinction
between reference frames vanished. We interpret this finding
as a switch to a more abstract nonmetric encoding of motion
direction. We found that the retinotopic reference frame was
not used in memory. Taken together with other studies, our
results suggest that, whereas a retinotopic reference frame
may be employed for controlling eye movements, perception
and memory use primarily nonretinotopic reference frames.
Furthermore, the use of nonretinotopic reference frames appears
to be capacity limited. In the case of complex stimuli, the
visual system may use perceptual grouping in order to simplify
the complexity of stimuli or resort to a nonmetric abstract
coding of motion information
Factores que determinan la acción de chatear por celular mientras se camina
1 recurso en línea (97 páginas) : ilustraciones, figuras, tablas.El presente trabajo de investigación estudia los factores que determinan la acción
de chatear mientras se camina, con el propósito de analizar sus causas, desde la
perspectiva de los usuarios, y plantear medidas que ayuden a mitigar la conducta
de chatear mientras se camina de los peatones.
La metodología usada tuvo dos perspectivas basadas en la aplicación de una
encuesta a una muestra representativa de la población. En primer lugar, se hizo un
análisis empírico a partir de la obtención de barras apiladas divergentes, para un
conjunto de indicadores de variables latentes, basados en indicadores de tipo Likert.
En segundo lugar, tomando los datos de un experimento de preferencias
declaradas, mediante un proceso iterativo, se hizo la estimación de modelos de tipo
Logit multinomial a través del software de uso libre Biogeme.
De esta manera se pudo concluir que los factores determinantes de la conducta de
chatear mientras se caminan están relacionados con características sociales del
individuo, políticas de tránsito, características de la infraestructura urbana,
características socio-económicas de las personas, así como las características
propias del uso del teléfono de cada individuo.Bibliografía y webgrafía: páginas 94-97.PregradoIngeniero de Transport
A review of the perceptual and cognitive issues associated with the use of head-up displays in commercial aviation
A head-up display (HUD) is a projection of symbology into the pilot's forward field of view that enables the pilot to monitor the instrumentation while, theoretically, also viewing the external domain. Although the HUD has been shown to improve flight performance, there are perceptual and cognitive issues that need to be addressed. This article reviews selected literature that investigates these issues and the possible solutions posed and identifies areas that remain in doubt