Sobre el mito del amor romántico. Amores cinematográficos y educación

En este trabajo se analiza la conceptualización teórica, social y afectiva del amor en la cultura occidental. Una construcción social y cultural que ha influido en la educación y vida de las mujeres a lo largo de la historia. La idea occidental del “amor romántico” ha servido a los distintos poderes para perpetuar un sistema social patriarcal  que promueve la desigualdad entre hombres y mujeres. Unas formas de amar que se aprenden desde los núcleos familiares, grupos de pares y productos culturales. Así, analizamos el mito del amor romántico patriarcal desde textos y lecturas feministas para comprender el porqué de su origen y, en especial, su continuidad en el presente. El amor romántico es uno de los ejes temáticos centrales de muchos productos culturales, desde la literatura al cine, generando discursos con gran impacto en la construcción de la subjetividad e identidad de las personas. Siendo la adolescencia una época difícil en la que los grupos de pares y la presión social tienen gran impacto en la construcción de la identidad, dentro de la Educación sexual y afectiva, el cine se puede convertir en un aliado. Un aliado en la formación de unos estudiantes más libres y críticos

Pensando en dibujo. Saber ver para hacer, hacer pensando, saber haciendo

Pensando en dibujo. Saber ver para hacer, hacer pensando, saber haciendo, Trabajo Fin de Máster, se enmarca en la modalidad B de ianvestigación e innovación educativa. Esta propuesta se centra en los procesos de la enseñanza-aprendizaje del Dibujo Artístico en el Bachiller de Artes Plásticas. Se plantea una innovación metodológica y didáctica, en la que se aborda el dibujo en un contexto contemporáneo, utilizando como referentes de creación, méto- dos y estrategias de trabajo y comprensión del dibujo la Ilustración, el Dibujo Contemporáneo y otras prácticas. Con el fin de mejorar y afianzar los aprendizajes del alumnado en relación a unas necesidades educativas y artísticas detectadas. Además de la propuesta de innovación docente, se adjunta el proyecto colaborativo e interdisciplinar de ilustración desarrollado du- rante los Practium en la Escuela de Artes de Teruel, detonador y motivador de ésta propuesta. Señalando la valoración positiva así como la mejora y afianzamiento de los aprendizajes de los estudiantes durante el proyecto, como base donde se asienta esta propuesta

Seres criaturas y otros monstruos.El ser imaginado. Del fracaso en lo real a la metamorfosis

El concepto de monstruo es extenso, se refiere desde lo deforme físico a lo terrible de la moral, lo encontramos en mitos, leyendas, cuentos infantiles y en películas, desde el expresionismo alemán al cine actual pasando por la avalancha de la Universal de los años 30’. El monstruo o el ser híbrido (en el arte) forma parte de lo imaginado, de lo imposible o inverosímil –en cuanto a su forma-, pero en cuanto a su contenido. Si algo guardan en común todos estos “monstruos” es que se manifiestan como una amenaza al status quo desde el lobo en Caperucita roja al Dr. Frankenstein incluso a su criatura (la que es vista como el monstruo en verdad), esta amenaza será redimida por el héroe (sea el cazador o la moral establecida en la sociedad). A partir de la narración, la escrita como detonador o marco contextual o introductorio, y la visual como eje vertebral, construyo estos personajes y sus historias. Quizás sorprenda lo inacabado o desdibujado de los personajes. Estos seres o criaturas están en proceso, y son sus momentos de incertidumbre, de crisis, de frustraciones o de (in)decisiones los que retrato en estas ilustraciones

Role of Eu2+ and Dy3+ Concentration in the Persistent Luminescence of Sr2MgSi2O7 Glass-Ceramics

In this study, glass-ceramics based on Sr2MgSi2O7 phosphor co-doped with Eu/Dy were obtained from the sintering and crystallisation of glass powders. The glasses were melted in a gas furnace to simulate an industrial process, and the dopant concentration was varied to optimise the luminescence persistence times. The doped parent glasses showed red emission under UV light excitation due to the doping of Eu3+ ions, while the corresponding glass-ceramics showed persistent blue emission corresponding to the presence of Eu2+ in the crystalline environment. The dopant concentration had a strong impact on the sintering/crystallisation kinetics affecting the final glass-ceramic microstructure. The microstructures and morphology of the crystals responsible for the blue emission were observed by scanning electron microscopy–cathodoluminescence. The composition of the crystallised phases and the distribution of rare-earth (RE) ions in the crystals and in the residual glassy phase were determined by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The emission and persistence of phosphorescence were studied by photoluminescence.This research was funded by MICINN under projects PID2020-115419GB-C-21/C-22/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and PID2019-107439GB-I00 and by the project PIE-CSIC 201960E016. And The APC was funded by PID2020-115419GB-C-21/C-22/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033

Structure and luminescent properties of Sm/Dy-doped Sr2MgSi2O7 glass-ceramics

Sm3+-doped and Sm3+/Dy3+ codoped SiO2–SrO–MgO glasses were prepared by conventional melt quenching and Sr2MgSi2O7 based glass–ceramics from sintering and crystallization of the glass powders. The thermal, structural, and optical properties of the glasses and glass–ceramics were investigated as a function of the dopant concentration. The optical characterization includes the photoluminescence spectra and the lifetimes of the 4G5/2 (Sm3+) and 4F9/2 (Dy3+) excited states. In Sm3+ single-doped samples, the emission intensity increases up to a concentration of 0.3 mol% Sm3+ ions and then decreases due to nonradiative energy transfer processes. The emission spectra in the glass–ceramics show a more resolved structure and higher intensity compared to the glass samples, suggesting a different and crystalline environment for the Sm3+ ions. The non-radiative processes also influence the experimental decays of the glass samples which deviate from a single exponential with lifetimes decreasing as Sm3+ concentration increases. The emission and excitation spectra of the codoped samples do not show significant energy transfer between Sm3+ and Dy3+ ions. Different emitting colors can be obtained in the codoped glasses by changing the excitation wavelength. The studied glass–ceramics could be applied as enamels on ceramic or metallic substrates.Funding from MICINN under projects PID2020-115419GB-C-21/C-22/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033, PID2019-107439GB-I00 and PIE-CSIC 201960E016 is acknowledged

Non-Linear Optical Properties of Er3+–Yb3+-Doped NaGdF4 Nanostructured Glass–Ceramics

Transparent oxyfluoride glass–ceramics containing NaGdF4 nanocrystals were prepared by melt-quenching and doped with Er3+ (0.5 mol%) and different amounts of Yb3+ (0–2 mol%). The selected dopant concentration the crystallization thermal treatments were chosen to obtain the most efficient visible up-conversion emissions, together with near infrared emissions. The crystal size increased with dopant content and treatment time. NaGdF4 NCs with a size ranging 9–30 nm were obtained after heat treatments at Tg + 20–80 °C as confirmed by X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis shows the incorporation of rare earth ions into the NaGdF4 nanocrystals. Near-infrared emission spectra, together with the up-conversion emissions were measured. The optical characterization of the glass–ceramics clearly shows that Er3+ and Yb3+ ions are incorporated in the crystalline phase. Moreover, visible up-conversion emissions could be tuned by controlling the nanocrystals size through appropriated heat treatment, making possible a correlation between structural and optical properties.This research was funded by Spanish National projects MAT2017-87035-C2-1-P/2-P (AEI/FEDER, UE), Basque Country University PPG17/07 and GIU17/014 and Basque Government PIBA2018-24. This study is part of the dissemination activities of project FunGlass. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 739566. This study was also created in the frame of the project Centre for Functional and Surface Functionalized Glass (CEGLASS), ITMS code is 313011R453, operational program Research and innovation, co-funded from European Regional Development Fund

Small-scale fisheries access to fishing opportunities in the European Union:Is the Common Fisheries Policy the right step to SDG14b?

The profile of small-scale fisheries has been raised through a dedicated target within the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG14b) that calls for the provision of ‘access of small-scale artisanal fishers to marine resources and markets’. By focusing on access to fisheries resources in the context of European Union, in this article we demonstrate that the potential for small-scale fishing sectors to benefit from fishing opportunities remains low due to different mechanisms at play including legislative gaps in the Common Fisheries Policy, and long-existing local structures somewhat favouring the status quo of distributive injustice. Consequently, those without access to capital and authority are faced by marginalizing allocation systems, impacting the overall resilience of fishing communities. Achieving SDG14b requires an overhaul in the promulgation of policies emanating from the present nested governance systems

Spark plasma sintering and optical properties of Tm3+ and Tm3+ /Yb3+ doped NaLaF4 transparent glass-ceramics

Tm3+ doped oxyfluoride glass-ceramics (GCs) containing NaLaF4 nanocrystals (NCs) have been obtained by spark plasma sintering (SPS). First, the precursor glasses were melted and then milled and sieved to a suitable particle size. Glass powder pellets were sintered by spark plasma sintering under vacuum conditions. The SPS processing parameters (temperature, pressure, and holding time) were optimized to obtain transparent glass-ceramics. The times of SPS processing are considerably shorter compared with those for the preparation of these GCs by conventional thermal treatment. All glass-ceramics contain nanocrystals of the β- NaLaF4 phase with an average crystal size of 20 nm, but the more highly doped samples (2Tm3+ and 0.5Tm3+/2Yb3+) show evidence of the presence of another phase corresponding with α-NaLaF4. The luminescence properties of the near infrared (NIR) emissions of Tm3+ for different concentrations reveal the presence of concentration quenching of the 3H4 and 3F4 levels. The analysis of the decay from the 3H4 level with increasing concentration is consistent with a dipole-dipole quenching process assisted by energy migration, whereas the self-quenching of the 3F4→3H6 emission can be attributed to fast diffusion. Energy transfer between Yb3+ and Tm3+ ions is confirmed by the NIR and upconverted (UC) emissions after Yb3+ excitation at 975 nm. No UC emission is observed under 791 nm excitation of Tm3+ ions.Funding from MICINN under project PID2020–115419 GB-C-21/C-22/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 is acknowledged. This paper is part of the dissemination activities of project FunGlass. This project has received funding from the European Union´s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 739566

SrMnO3 thermochromic behavior governed by size-dependent structural distortions

The influence of particle size in both the structure and thermochromic behavior of 4H-SrMnO related perovskite is described. Microsized SrMnO suffers a structural transition from hexagonal (P6/mmc) to orthorhombic (C222) symmetry at temperature close to 340 K. The orthorhombic distortion is due to the tilting of the corner-sharing MnO units building the 4H structural type. When temperature decreases, the distortion becomes sharper reaching its maximal degree at ∼125 K. These structural changes promote the modification of the electronic structure of orthorhombic SrMnO phase originating the observed color change. nano-SrMnO adopts the ideal 4H hexagonal structure at room temperature, the orthorhombic distortion being only detected at temperature below 170 K. A decrease in the orthorhombic distortion degree, compared to that observed in the microsample, may be the reason why a color change is not observed at low temperature (77 K)