MIL-101 promotes the efficient aerobic oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophenes

[EN] MIL-101 promotes aerobic oxidation in n-dodecane of dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its methyl-substituted derivatives to their corresponding sulfones with complete selectivity, without observation of the sulfoxide. DBT sulfones can be completely separated from n-dodecane by water extraction. MIL-101(Cr) without the need of pre-activation was found to be more convenient than the also-active MIL-101(Fe) analog. The reaction exhibits an induction period due to the diffusion inside the pore system of the solvent or oxygen and it is not observed if the MIL-101 sample is first in contact with the solvent at the reaction temperature for a sufficiently long time. MIL-101 is reusable for at least five times without any sign of deactivation according to the time-conversion plots. Evidence by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy detecting the hydroperoxide radical adduct with a spin trapping agent and Raman spectroscopy detection of superoxide supports that the process is an auto-oxidation reaction initiated by MIL-101 following the expected radical chain mechanism inside the MIL-101 cages.Financial support by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Severo Ochoa and CTQ2012-32315) is gratefully acknowledged. Generalidad Valenciana is also thanked for funding (Prometeo 2012/013 and GV/2013/040).Gómez Paricio, A.; Santiago Portillo, A.; Navalón Oltra, S.; Concepción Heydorn, P.; Alvaro Rodríguez, MM.; García Gómez, H. (2016). MIL-101 promotes the efficient aerobic oxidative desulfurization of dibenzothiophenes. Green Chemistry. 18(2):508-515. doi:10.1039/C5GC00862JS50851518

Personalización de servicios multimedia en el hogar digital inteligente

Hace ya tiempo que los sistemas informáticos\ud nos tienen acostumbrados a ofrecernos un\ud interfaz personalizado. Cada vez que nos\ud conectamos de nuevo a un sitio de comercio\ud electrónico en el que solemos adquirir\ud productos, el interfaz de la tienda se adapta a\ud nuestros gustos o preferencias. Otro ejemplo de\ud personalización se produce en algunos\ud vehículos, habitualmente de gama alta, que\ud configuran el asiento y las condiciones de\ud conducción a la persona que utiliza el coche\ud (normalmente, mediante una serie de\ud preferencias almacenadas en alguna memoria,\ud que activamos al entrar).\ud Sin embargo, esa personalización aún no ha\ud llegado a las viviendas. Al igual que los\ud ordenadores en el mundo productivo, el hogar\ud digital del futuro debe evitar que el usuario\ud tenga que realizar tareas rutinarias que afectan a\ud su confort, seguridad o movimientos. Este\ud trabajo propone una arquitectura que permite la\ud personalización del hogar digital por medio de\ud la tecnología de sistemas multiagente. Como\ud ejemplo de aplicación proponemos un sistema\ud capaz de hacer que los contenidos multimedia a\ud los que un usuario accede, le ¿persigan¿ por su\ud hogar a medida que se mueve, sin pérdida de\ud información

Location-aware services and interfaces in smart homes using multiagent systems

Computer systems are fully capable of providing\ud customized interfaces for users. Every time we log on to an ecommerce\ud website we have used before, the interface changes\ud in order to fit our most probable interests. Some sophisticated\ud vehicles adjust the seat position, rearview mirror orientation and\ud other parameters to match the preferences of the drivers when\ud they enter the car -provided that they belong to the set of known\ud drivers-. However, this kind of service customization has not yet\ud reached the home environment. In the same way as computer\ud systems with productivity, the smart home must prevent the user\ud from performing routine and tedious tasks to achieve comfort,\ud security, and effective energy management. In this paper we\ud propose an architecture for building a smart home environment\ud using multiagent systems, and we demonstrate its effectivenes\ud with an application example where multimedia contents follow\ud the user movements throughout the house

MuTraff: A Smart-City Multi-Map Traffic Routing Framework

Urban traffic routing is deemed to be a significant challenge in intelligent transportation systems. Existing implementations suffer from several intrinsic issues such as scalability in centralized systems, unnecessary complexity of mechanisms and communication in distributed systems, and lack of privacy. These imply force intensive computational tasks in the traffic control center, continuous communication in real-time with involved stakeholders which require drivers to reveal their location, origin, and destination of their trips. In this paper we present an innovative urban traffic routing framework and reference architecture (multimap traffic control architecture, MuTraff), which is based on the strategical generation and distribution of a set of traffic network maps (traffic weighted multimaps, TWM) to vehicle categories or fleets. Each map in a TWM map set has the same topology but a different distribution of link weights, which are computed by considering policies and constraints that may apply to different vehicle groups. MuTraff delivers a traffic management system (TMS), where a traffic control center generates and distributes maps, while routing computation is performed at the vehicles. We show how this balance between generation, distribution, and routing computation improves scalability, eases communication complexities, and solves former privacy issues. Our study presents case studies in a real city environment for (a) global congestion management using random maps; (b) congestion control on road incidents; and c) emergency fleets routing. We show that MuTraff is a promising foundation framework that is easy to deploy, and is compatible with other existing TMS frameworks

Application of Traffic Weighted Multi-Maps Based on Disjoint Routing Areas for Static Traffic Assignment

Urban traffic congestion is a pressing issue, demanding effective and cost-efficient solutions. This paper develops the Traffic Weighted Multi-Maps (TWM) method to solve the Traffic Assignment Problem in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). TWM offers drivers diverse views of the network, promoting path diversity and adaptability. Providing an optimal TWM configuration to the traffic demand in terms of structure and allocation policy is a challenging issue as it usually depends on the size of the network and its complexity. The paper explores TWM generation and assignment by applying routing areas based on semi-disjointed k-shortest paths and allocating them using a per-sub flow optimized assignment policy. This approach allows obtaining a pseudo-optimal solution for static traffic assignment with similar results in terms of total travel time compared to the direct solution of calculating optimal map weights and the theoretical system optimum. It offers a cost-effective solution valid for wide urban areas, as the TWM calculation depends on the variety of the traffic flows and the number of semi-disjoint routing areas considered instead of the network complexity and size. Urban network experiments with synthetic traffic demands are studied under different TWM adoption rates, comparing results with existing traffic assignment policies and estimation methods. It highlights its potential for enhancing urban traffic management. Overall, TWM presents a promising approach to addressing urban traffic congestion efficiently

LED Wristbands for Cell-Based Crowd Evacuation: An Adaptive Exit-Choice Guidance System Architecture

Cell-based crowd evacuation systems provide adaptive or static exit-choice indications that favor a coordinated group dynamic, improving evacuation time and safety. While a great effort has been made to modeling its control logic by assuming an ideal communication and positioning infrastructure, the architectural dimension and the influence of pedestrian positioning uncertainty have been largely overlooked. In our previous research, a cell-based crowd evacuation system (CellEVAC) was proposed that dynamically allocates exit gates to pedestrians in a cell-based pedestrian positioning infrastructure. This system provides optimal exit-choice indications through color-based indications and a control logic module built upon an optimized discrete-choice model. Here, we investigate how location-aware technologies and wearable devices can be used for a realistic deployment of CellEVAC. We consider a simulated real evacuation scenario (Madrid Arena) and propose a system architecture for CellEVAC that includes: a controller node, a radio-controlled light-emitting diode (LED) wristband subsystem, and a cell-node network equipped with active Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) devices. These subsystems coordinate to provide control, display, and positioning capabilities. We quantitatively study the sensitivity of evacuation time and safety to uncertainty in the positioning system. Results showed that CellEVAC was operational within a limited range of positioning uncertainty. Further analyses revealed that reprogramming the control logic module through a simulation optimization process, simulating the positioning system’s expected uncertainty level, improved the CellEVAC performance in scenarios with poor positioning systems

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Genomic characterization of patients with polycythemia vera developing resistance to hydroxyurea

Data de publicació electrónica: 05-05-202